• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.211-216
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• 2021

Purpose: The main purpose of this meta-analysis was to identify the degree of effect size and variables for the impact of manual physical therapy on the improvement in the range of motion of frozen shoulder patients. Methods: This study collected 8 studies published between 1st January 2010 and 31st December 2020. The analysis of the results verified 49 effect size data and the random effect model was chosen. Results: First, the full case showed the largest mean effect size of 2.485 (p<0.001). Second, the size of the effect based on manual therapy and modality therapy showed an effect size of 4.178 (p<0.001). Third, the outcome group included 6 variables. The external rotation (2.818) variable group showed the largest mean effect size, followed by internal rotation (2.748), flexion (2.643), abduction (2.356), and adduction (2.356). Six outcomes were significant and the mean effect sizes of all the varied groups were above large size. The number of participants showed a 20 or less effect size of 2.478 (p>0.737). The number of intervention periods showed 4 weeks 20 or more effect size of 2.782 (p>0.294). Finally, the 'Trim and Fill' result confirmed that the calibration effect size was 1.471 (p<0.001). Conclusion: This study verified that manual physical therapy had a substantial effect on the improvement of the range of motion of patients with frozen shoulders and that the effects were dependent on the methods of outcomes.

• 한국건설순환자원학회논문집
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.127-134
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• 2021

PMHS와 PVA를 혼합한 소수성 유액을 시멘트 모르타르에 혼입하여 수화생성물과 미세구조의 변화를 관찰하고, 압축강도와 휨강도를 실험적으로 평가하고자 하였다. 소수성 유액은 메타카올린과 PVA 섬유를 추가하고 교반속도와 순서를 조정하여 쉘형태의 유액을 제조하였으며, 모르타르배합시 혼입하여 내부 공극의 충진과 수화생성물의 변화를 도모하고자 하였다. 소수성 유액이 혼입된 모르타르는 미세공극이 충진되고 수화생성물표면이 유액에 의해 도막이 생성되는 것이 관찰되었다. OPC와 비교하여 유액이 혼입된 모르타르의 전체 기공면적과 기공률이 감소하는 것으로 분석되었으며, 일부 변수에서 기공지름의 중간값의 감소가 나타났다. 유액을 1% 혼입한 경우에 압축강도의 증가가 나타났으며, 2% 혼입시에는 강도의 감소가 발생하였다.

• 국제지역연구
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.567-588
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• 2008

본 연구는 방문객 관점에서 벗어나 축제 개최지역에 거주하는 지역주민들을 대상으로 과연 지역주민들은 축제를 어떻게 인식하고 있는가라는 연구문제 아래 충남 보령지역주민을 대상으로 2008년 머드축제기간 동안 보령시내에서 수행되었다. 연구결과 및 정책적 함의는 다음과 같이 요약할 수 있다. 첫째, 축제개최지 지역주민의 지역축제 효과요인 인식에 있어 문화적 요인은 정(+)의 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타난 반면, 경제적 효과요인은 부(-)의 유의한 영향을 나타냈다. 이는 문화적 요인에서는 기존의 선행연구들과 일치된 결과를 보이고 있으나 경제적 효과요인에서는 일반적인 축제의 긍정적 경제파급효과와는 다른 차이점을 보였다. 구체적으로 보령시는 축제의 성공적인 개최도 중요하지만 더 다양하고 구체화된 지역주민 의견 수렴을 위한 공청회와 세미나 등의 기회확대를 통해 실질적으로 일반 주민들이 참여할 수 있는 프로그램 개발에 힘써야 할 것이다. 둘째, 선행연구를 통해 축제개최 지역주민들이 축제에 참여한 경우와 그렇지 않은 경우 축제를 인식하는 데 차이가 있을 것으로 보고 축제참여 경험여부를 조절변수로 하여 참여의도와의 관계를 살펴본 결과, 조절효과는 작용하지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 축제참여도는 지역축제에 대한 지역주민의 축제만족도에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 보령시는 외지 방문객뿐 아니라 지역주민들의 적극적인 축제참여를 위한 지속적인 노력을 강구해야한다고 사료된다.

• Investigative and Clinical Urology
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• 제59권6호
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• pp.376-382
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• 2018

Purpose: The authors performed this study to investigate the risk factors for predicting stent failure and to evaluate its impact on prognosis. Materials and Methods: Between January 2002 and March 2017, we retrospectively reviewed 117 consecutive patients who underwent retrograde ureteral stenting and exchanging at least once every 3 months for malignant ureteral obstruction. The patients were classified according to their pre-stenting chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage. The factors affecting stent failure were analyzed using a logistic regression model. Overall survival (OS) was estimated, and the prognostic significance of each variable was estimated using Cox proportional-hazards regression modeling. Results: Before stenting, 91 patients were CKD stages 1-3 and 26 patients were CKD stages 4-5. These two groups differed significantly only in pre-stenting estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), bilateral obstruction, and pre-stenting pyuria. Among the 117 patients, stent failure occurred in 30 patients (25.6%), and there were no differences between the groups. Pre-stenting pyuria and post-stenting complications were significant predictors of stent failure. There were 79 deaths in total, including 56 in the CKD stages 1-3 group and 23 in the CKD stages 4-5 group. In the multivariate analysis predicting patient OS, pre-stenting eGFR and post-stenting disease progression were significant factors. Conclusions: Internal ureteral stenting was effective for maintaining renal function in malignant ureteral obstruction. However, it did not restore renal function, which is related to the prognosis of the patients. Therefore, to improve patients' renal function and prognosis, patients who require stenting must be quickly recognized and treated.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제60권12호
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• pp.29.1-29.11
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• 2018

Background: Respiratory troubles have economic impacts in countries where livestock industry is an important segment of the agricultural sector, as well as these problems may cause significant economic losses for bovine producers. Various practical methods are used to assess diseases that affect the bovine respiratory system. Ultrasonography is a noninvasive tool that has been used frequently in diagnosis of various animal diseases. The present study was designed to establish whether thoracic ultrasonography is a diagnostic tool for detection of respiratory troubles in weaned buffalo and cattle calves, as well as to assess its prognostic value in comparison with clinical respiratory scores. Thirty five (15 buffalo and 20 cattle) calves were included. Twelve (6 buffalo and 6 cattle) clinically healthy calves were enrolled as controls. Results: Based on physical examinations, clinical respiratory scores (CRS), ultrasound lung scores (ULS) and postmortem findings, animals were classified into 4 groups as pulmonary emphysema (n = 8), interstitial pulmonary syndrome (n = 7), bronchopneumonia (n = 12), and pleurisy (n = 8). The mean values of CRS and ULS were significantly higher in diseased calves (P < 0.01). In calves with pulmonary emphysema and interstitial syndrome, thoracic ultrasonography revealed numerous comet-tail artifacts, which varied in numbers and imaging features. Furthermore, variable degrees of pulmonary consolidation with alveolograms and bronchograms were noticed in bronchopneumonic calves. In addition, thick irregular or fragmented pleura with pleural effusions and fibrin shreds were imaged in calves with pleurisy. A weak correlation was calculated between CRS and ULS (r = 0.55, P < 0.01). Hematologically, the counts of white blood cells, activities of aspartate aminotransferase and partial tensions of carbon dioxide were significantly increased in all diseased groups. Serum concentrations of total globulins were higher in claves with bronchopneumonia (P < 0.05). The partial tension of oxygen was decreased in all diseased calves (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Thoracic ultrasonography is a diagnostic tool for various lung troubles and assessment the grade and severity of pulmonary diseases, as well as it can be used as a follow-up tool for evaluating the prognosis of respiratory troubles and monitoring the efficacy of therapies.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.199-205
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• 2018

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of increase in barbell weight on closely related variable to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury which are knee joint kinematics, joint load, joint moment, and maximum load attainment point during snatch of the weight lifting. Method: The subjects of the study were 10 male Korean national weight lifting athletes (69 kg 5, 77 kg 5; age: $21.80{\pm}3.91yrs.$, height: $168.00{\pm}4.06cm$, weight: $75.00{\pm}4.02kg$, career: $7.8{\pm}3.99yrs.$, snatch records: $168{\pm}4.06kg$). The weight of the barbell during the snatch operation was set at 70%, 75% and 80% of the highest records for each subject studied. Results: The result obtained from the one-way repeated measure ANOVA are as follows: With increased barbell weight, the extension moment of the left knee joint was higher in the 80% condition than the 70% (p<.001). However, other variables were not statistically significant difference. According to the factor analysis of the variables related to maximum load attainment point of the ACL major injury variables, the first sub-factor was the internal shear force, the posterior shear force, the abduction moment, and the muscle activity of the VL. The second sub-factor was the extension moment of the knee joint, compressive force, adduction moment, and the third sub-factor was the muscle activity of BF. Conclusion: These results indicate that the possibility of ACL injury can be lowered when performing a stable snatch movement.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.675-680
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• 2019

석탄화력발전소는 저부하에서 효율 향상을 위해 변압운전으로, 고부하에서는 정압으로 운전하는 복합변압운전 방식으로 운전하고 있으며, 복합변압운전에는 2밸브 및 3밸브 전개모드로 구분되어 운영되고 있다. 각 발전소는 제작사 권고에 따라 터빈제어밸브 모드를 선택하여 운전하고 있으나 최적의 변압운전 부하범위로 운전되고 있지 않고, 각 발전소별 부하범위 또한 상이하게 구성 되어있다. 최적의 변압운전 부하범위로 설정되지 않으면 터빈밸브 교축 손실 발생에 따른 고압터빈 내부효율 저하가 발생되어 플랜트 효율이 저하된다. 이러한 문제점을 개선하기 위해 본 논문에서는 터빈제어밸브 모드별 최적의 변압운전 부하 범위를 개선하기 위해 각 부하별 열 성능 분석 방법을 통해 최적의 부하범위를 선정하고자 한다.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.92-102
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• 2019

Purpose: To investigate the masticatory function of patients with different temporomandibular disorders (TMD) phenotypes, and to explore the risk factors for the masticatory function of TMD patients among multiple biopsychosocial variables using patient-reported outcomes (PROs). Methods: Clinical features and TMD diagnoses of 250 cases were investigated by reviewing medical records. Psychosocial factors were evaluated using four questionnaires representing pain severity and pain interference (Brief Pain Inventory), pain catastrophizing (Pain Catastrophizing Scale, PCS), psychological distress (Symptom Check List-90-Revised, SCL-90R) and kinesiophobia (Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia for Temporomandibular Disorders, TSK-TMD). Masticatory function, as a dependent variable, was determined using the Jaw Functional Limitation Scale (JFLS). Kruskal-Wallis test and Spearman's rank correlation were used for analyses. Results: A total of 145 cases were included and classified into four subgroups including group 1: TMD with internal derangement without pain (n=14), group 2: TMD with muscle pain (n=32), group 3: TMD with joint pain (n=60) and group 4: TMD with muscle-joint combined pain (n=39). Pain severity (p=0.001) and interference (p=0.022) were the highest in group 2, but the mean global score of JFLS was the highest in group 3, followed by group 4, group 2, and group 1 (p=0.013). Pain severity, pain interference, the mean global score of PCS and the mean global score of TSK-TMD showed significant and moderate correlation with the mean global score of JFLS. All subdimensions and the global severity index of SCL-90R had significant, but weak correlations with all scores of JFLS. Conclusions: The results suggest that masticatory functional limitation depends on the TMD phenotypes. Among the various PROs, pain perception, pain catastrophizing and kinesiophobia seem to be more influential risk factors on jaw function than psychological distress, such as depression and anxiety.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.667-694
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• 2018

2015년 1월부터 시행된 시장기반 온실가스감축수단인 한국 탄소배출권시장의 가격결정체계와 2차 이행연도로의 진행과정에서 발생하는 학습효과에 대하여 고찰한다. 분석결과, 1차와 2차 이행연도 간에 차이점이 존재하는 것으로 추정되었다. 장내요인의 경우, 2차 이행연도에서는 1차 이행연도에서 추정되지 않았던 KCU와 KOC 가격 거래량 변수가 유의하게 추정되었다. 또한, 대내외 경제상황 변수의 경우, 1차 이행연도에서는 모든 변수들이 유의하지 않았으나, 2차 이행연도에서는 금리, 환율, 주가변수에서 통계적 유의성이 확보되었다. 이는, 1차에서 2차 이행연도로 진행하면서 시장운영자인 정부와 시장참여자인 기업들이 1차 이행연도에서의 경험과 지식을 바탕으로 2차 이행연도에서의 배출권 관련 의사결정을 보다 효율화하는 학습효과에 기인한다. 한편, 중점분석대상인 KAU15와 KAU16 가격에 대하여 공통적으로 유의미한 설명변수로는 각 배출권의 이행연도 이듬해 2월과 3월의 명세서 작성 및 제출에 대한 제도이항변수가 존재하였다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.891-895
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• 2019

Objective: Aim of present study was the set up of a fast and reliable protocol using species-specific markers for the quali-quantitative analysis of DNA and the detection of ruminant biological components in dairy products. For this purpose, the promoter of the gene coding for the ${\alpha}$-lactoalbumin (LALBA) was chosen as possible candidate for the presence of short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs). Methods: DNA was isolated from somatic cells of 120 individual milk samples of cattle (30), Mediterranean river buffalo (30), goat (30), and sheep (30) and the gene promoter region (about 600/700 bp) of LALBA (from about 600 bp upstream of exon 1) has been sequenced. For the development of a single polymerase chain reaction (PCR) protocol that allows the simultaneous identification of DNA from the four species of ruminants, the following internal primers pair were used: 5'-CACTGATCTTAAAGCTCAGGTT-3' (forward) and 5'-TCAGA GTAGGCCACAGAAG-3' (reverse). Results: Sequencing results of LALBA gene promoter region confirmed the presence of SINEs as monomorphic "within" and variable in size "among" the selected species. Amplicon lengths were 582 bp in cattle, 592 bp in buffalo, 655 in goat and 729 bp in sheep. PCR specificity was demonstrated by the detection of trace amounts of species-specific DNA from mixed sources ($0.25ng/{\mu}L$). Conclusion: We developed a rapid PCR protocol for the quali-quantitative analysis of DNA and the traceability of dairy products using a species-specific marker with only one pair of primers. Our results validate the proposed technique as a suitable tool for a simple and inexpensive (economic) detection of animal origin components in foodstuffs.