• The Korean Journal of Mycology
• /
• v.49 no.2
• /
• pp.253-257
• /
• 2021

Rust samples at both uredinial and telial stages were collected from Cleistogenes hackelii (Poaceae) in 2017 and 2019 in Korea. Based on the morphological examination and molecular phylogenetic analyses of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and large subunit (LSU) rDNA, it was identified as Puccinia klugkistiana. This rust at aecial stage has previously been recorded on Ligustrum japonicum (Oleaceae) in Korea. Puccinia diplachnicola has been previously recorded on C. hackelii in Korea; however, it is believed to be unrelated to the rust collected in the present study. Conclusively, this is the first study to report P. klugkistiana occurrence on C. hackelii in Korea.

• Research in Plant Disease
• /
• v.29 no.3
• /
• pp.299-303
• /
• 2023

Rust symptoms on Meliosma myriantha trees have been noticed during disease surveys in Korea since 2010, with a high disease incidence frequently surpassing 90%. The causal fungus of the rust disease was identified as Neophysopella vitis based on the morphological investigation and molecular sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and large subunit (LSU) rDNA regions. This is the first report of rust disease caused by N. vitis on M. myriantha in Korea. A pathogenicity assay proved that M. myriantha serves as the aecial host of N. vitis as spermogonia and aeciospores were produced, which can infect the two uredinial hosts, Boston ivy (Parthenocissus tricuspidata) and Virginia creeper (Parthenocissus quinquefolia).

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
• /
• v.51 no.2
• /
• pp.91-100
• /
• 2023

During an investigation of micro-fungi in soil, two fungal isolates belonging to the phylum Ascomycota, namely KNUF-20-NI011 and KNUF-20-NI006, were collected from Gyeongbuk Province and Dokdo Island in Korea and identified as Clonostachys divergens and Chrysosporium merdarium, respectively. The fungal isolates were confirmed through molecular phylogenetic analyses of the internal transcribed spacer regions, 28S rDNA large subunit, and β-tubulin sequences. Cultural and morphological characteristics were observed and determined using different media. These species were identified based on phylogenetic relationships along with their cultural and morphological characteristics. To our knowledge, this is the first report on Clonostachys divergens and Chrysosporium merdarium in Korea.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
• /
• v.50 no.3
• /
• pp.243-248
• /
• 2022

In Japan and China, Podosphaera pseudofusca causes powdery mildew in Fatoua villosa. During a taxonomic revision of Korean powdery mildew fungi, isolates newly collected from F. villosa were studied. Through morphological examination and molecular phylogenetic analyses of the internal transcribed spacer region and large subunit gene of rDNA, the powdery mildew fungus was identified as Podosphaera xanthii. In this study, we propose the merging of P. pseudofusca sensu Braun into the P. xanthii complex. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of Podosphaera powdery mildew on F. villosa in Korea.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
• /
• v.50 no.4
• /
• pp.311-318
• /
• 2022

Endophytic fungal strains were isolated from the leaves of two conifer species (Juniperus rigida and Pinus densiflora) in Korea and identified on the basis of their morphological and molecular characteristics. Internal transcribed spacer and large subunit regions of rDNA were used for the phylogenetic analysis, and the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF) and RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (RPB2) genes were analyzed depending on the species. Two fungal species that were previously unrecorded in Korea were identified: Acrodontium burrowsianum and Pestalotiopsis humicola. Their morphological and phylogenetic characteristics are described herein.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
• /
• v.50 no.1
• /
• pp.55-59
• /
• 2022

Anamorph of a powdery mildew was collected from Convolvulus arvensis (Convolvulaceae) in 2021 in Korea. Based on the morphological examination and molecular phylogenetic analyses of the internal transcribed spacer and large subunit rDNA gene, the powdery mildew was identified as Erysiphe convolvuli. This powdery mildew species is commonly found in Europe and North America, but rarely in East Asia. The holomorph of this powdery mildew was first recorded on Calystegia hederacea in Korea. Conclusively, this is the first report of E. convolvuli on C. arvensis and the second record of this powdery mildew species in Korea.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
• /
• v.50 no.2
• /
• pp.125-130
• /
• 2022

The powdery mildew found on Magnolia kobus was recorded as Microsphaera alni for the first time in Korea in 1975. After splitting M. alni into several distinct species, this mildew was regarded as Microsphaera magnifica, now Erysiphe magnifica. Since E. magnifica is known to be a North American species, the powdery mildew found on M. kobus in Korea was studied to clarify its identity. Based on morphological characteristics and sequencing results of the internal transcribed spacer and large subunit rDNA gene, the powdery mildew found on M. kobus in Korea was identified as Erysiphe magnoliicola.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
• /
• v.50 no.3
• /
• pp.173-181
• /
• 2022

Endophytic fungi were isolated from needle leaves of two conifer species in Korea. The fungal isolates were identified based on their morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses of their internal transcribed spacer and large-subunit rDNA regions. Three species of endophytic fungi, namely Celosporium laricicola, Neocatenulostroma germanicum, and Phaeophleospora eucalypticola were the first records in Korea. In this study, we reported the morphological and phylogenetic characteristics of these fungi.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
• /
• v.52 no.2
• /
• pp.109-114
• /
• 2024

Anthracnose fruit rot (AFR) has been observed in greenhouses during the harvesting period in the Chungnam Province of South Korea. Fruits infected inside the greenhouse show black or brown spots, orange conidial masses and in some areas of the infected parts, white fungal growths are visible. The size of these spots gradually expands, leading to the necrosis of the fruits and flowers. Three isolates were obtained from infected fruits and identified as strains of the Colletotrichum acutatum species complex based on morphological characteristics. Multilocus sequence analysis of actin, chitin synthase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase genes, and internal transcribed spacer rDNA regions revealed that the isolates belong to a monophyletic group with the type strain of C. nymphaeae. This is the first time C. nymphaeae has been confirmed in strawberry fruit in Korea.

• ALGAE
• /
• v.35 no.3
• /
• pp.293-301
• /
• 2020

The applications of DNA barcoding have a wide range of uses, such as in taxonomic studies to help elucidate cryptic species and phylogenetic relationships and analyzing environmental samples for biodiversity monitoring and conservation assessments of species. After obtaining the DNA barcode sequences, sequence similarity-based homology analysis is commonly used. This means that the obtained barcode sequences are compared to the DNA barcode reference databases. This bioinformatic analysis necessarily implies that the overall quantity and quality of the reference databases must be stringently monitored to not have an adverse impact on the accuracy of species identification. With the development of next-generation sequencing techniques, a noticeably large number of DNA barcode sequences have been produced and are stored in online databases, but their degree of validity, accuracy, and reliability have not been extensively investigated. In this study, we investigated the extent to which the amount and types of erroneous barcode sequences were deposited in publicly accessible databases. Over 4.1 million sequences were investigated in three largescale DNA barcode databases (NCBI GenBank, Barcode of Life Data System [BOLD], and Protist Ribosomal Reference database [PR2]) for four major DNA barcodes (cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 [COI], internal transcribed spacer [ITS], ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large chain [rbcL], and 18S ribosomal RNA [18S rRNA]); approximately 2% of erroneous barcode sequences were found and their taxonomic distributions were uneven. Consequently, our present findings provide compelling evidence of data quality problems along with insufficient and unreliable annotation of taxonomic data in DNA barcode databases. Therefore, we suggest that if ambiguous taxa are presented during barcoding analysis, further validation with other DNA barcode loci or morphological characters should be mandated.