• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
• /
• v.34 no.3
• /
• pp.271-282
• /
• 1996

Different aspects of morality, namely, moral belief, moral judgement and moral behavior have been studied seperately. This study examined the development of these three aspects of morality in relation to internal attribution in one sample. A total of 371, third -and sixth- grade children from Masan city were responded to questionnaires on moral belief, moral judgement, and attibutional tendency. In addition, children's moral behavior was measured by the teachers' 5-item rating scale. As results, there were signigicant but low correlations among three components of morality. There were developmental differences in moral belief and moral judgement but there was no age difference in moral behavior. Compared to third graders, sixth graders were higher in moral judgement but lower in moral belief. Social experience as well as cognitive development on moral relativity could explain this paradoxical developmental trend in moral belief. There was a sex difference only on moral behavior : Girls were rated higher in moral behavior than boys. Internal attribution was significantly correlated with all three aspects of morality, .15 with moral belief, .45 with moral judgement, .14 with moral behavior, respectively. There was a significant developmental difference but no sex difference in attributional tendency: Sixth graders reported higher internal attribution than third graders. However, there was no developmental difference in correlations among internal attribution and three aspects of morality. Most importantly, internal attribution explained morality better than either age -or sex- variable. It was suggested that educational programs on morality need to focus on the internalization of it.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
• /
• v.20 no.4
• /
• pp.189-195
• /
• 2021

A technology for designing and licensing a dedicated radiation shielding facility needs to be developed for safe and efficient operation an R&D center. Technology development is important for smooth operation of such facilities. Causes of damage to internal structures (such as baffle former bolt (BFB) of pressurized water reactor) of a nuclear power reactor should be analyzed along with prevention and countermeasures for similar cases of other plants. It is important to develop technologies that can comprehensively analyze various characteristics of internal structures of long term operated reactors. In high-temperature, high-pressure operating environment of nuclear power plants, cases of BFB cracks caused by irradiated assisted stress corrosion cracks (IASCC) have been reported overseas. The integrity of a reactor's internal structure has emerged as an important issue. Identifying the cause of the defect is requested by the Korean regulatory agency. It is also important to secure a foundation for testing technology to demonstrate the operating environment for medium-level irradiated testing materials. The demonstration testing facility can be used for research on material utilization of the plant, which might have highest fluence on the internal structure of a reactor globally.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.153-164
• /
• 2021

Purpose : This study aims to assess the impact of the emotional labor on female dental clinic employees' intention to leave, and the moderating effect of internal marketing, reducing the intention to leave and providing basic data for an effective human resources management of dental clinics. Methods : The structured self-administered questionnaires were distributed to dental hygienists, dental assistants and other employees (including administrative staff and dental coordinators, but excluding dentists) working at a dental hospital and at dental clinics in the Busan and Gyeongnam area. This study used SPSS Windows version 18.0 program (Chicago, IL, USA) to perform frequency factor, reliability, correlation, and hierarchical regression analyses were performed using SPSS. Results : First, emotional labor had a positive effect on the intention to leave. Two components of the internal marketing, communication and employee welfare system, had a significant moderating effect on the relationship between employees' emotional labor and their intention to leave, while the education/training component of the internal marketing showed no moderating effect. Conclusion : Enhancement of communication and the employee welfare system will help dental care organizations reduce their employees' emotional labor and hence employees' turnover.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
• /
• v.5 no.3
• /
• pp.48-55
• /
• 2001

In many applications. rubber components undergo dynamic stresses or deformations of fairly large magnitude. Since rubbers are not fully elastic, a part of the mechanical energy is converted into heat due to the hysteresis loss. Heat generation without adequate heat dissipation leads to heat build up. i. e. internal temperature rise. The purpose of this paper is to predict temperature rise caused by the hysteresis loss, in a rubber pad subjected to complex dynamic deformation. In this unsteady thermal analysis, the temperature distributions of track components are displayed in contour shapes and the temperature variations of some important nodes are represented graphically with respect to the running time of the tank.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
• /
• 2012.11a
• /
• pp.127-128
• /
• 2012

Recently, Construction industry has been trying to reduce environmental loads reflecting the global trend 'Green Growth'. Internal and External countries are provided 'green building certification', 'relevant law/regulations', 'guideline to life cycle', however, construction phase has been overlooked though environmental loads occurred intensively in this phase. Therefore, this study intend to deduct components reflected the guideline in construction phase and assess them quantitatively. The basis data is collected through survey targeting construction managers and related researchers and analyze these data using Analytic Hierarchy Process.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
• /
• v.10 no.3
• /
• pp.111-122
• /
• 2002

European offset impact analysis of an electric vehicle was done using the robust design method. Section properties of some of the vehicle structure components which influence the european offset impact characteristics were chosen as the main factors fur the design. Eight factors were considered for the analysis: one with two level and seven with three level combinations comprising the L$\_$18/(2$^1$$\times$3$\^$7/) orthogonal array. It is shown that the sensitivities of the factors and the best combination of the factors can be obtained. One of the noteworthy results is that the design with the lower stiffness of the front components of engine room than the rear components can absorb more crash energy. Also it is shown that there exist interactions between some of factors considered.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers
• /
• v.16 no.5
• /
• pp.157-161
• /
• 2007

There are technological changes to reduce the size and weight of electronic components and to accommodate multi-functions in them. To meet this trend, more complicated technological processes are required. To maintain the processes, more accurate inspection systems are also necessary. Therefore, new inspection methods are needed, which is differ from conventional inspection methods such as electrical test methods ICT(In-Circuit Test), FCT(Function Test) and visual test using optical equipments. One of the possible approaches is non-destructive test using X-ray. In this paper, an inspection method using X-ray is developed and applied to inspection of soldering state and internal defects of electronic components.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
• /
• 2012.04a
• /
• pp.921-922
• /
• 2012

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• v.62 no.3
• /
• pp.197-202
• /
• 2007

Background: Cigarette smoking is an important risk factor for chronic bronchitis and COPD. Airway epithelial cells exposed to cigarette smoke components such as nicotine, cotinine and benzopyrene can generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and be subject to oxidative stress. This oxidative stress can induce the inflammatory response in the lung by the oxidant itself or by the release of proinflammatory cytokines. It has been reported that nicotine stimulates ROS, which are associated with NF-${\kappa}B$. Methods: Beas2B cells were treated with nicotine, cotinine and benzopyrene. RT PCR was used to measure the expression of several antioxidant factors using the total RNA from the Beas2B cells. The level of superoxide dismutase(CuZnSOD), thioredoxin, glutathione reductase expression was examined. Results: 0.5 to 4 hours after the benzopyrene, nicotine and cotinine theatments, the level of thioredoxin and glutathione reductase expression decreased. Longer exposure to these compounds for 24 to 72 hours inhibited the expression of most of these antioxidant factors. Conclusion: During exposure to smoke compounds, thioredoxin and glutathione reductase are the key antioxidant factors induced sensitively between 0.5 and 4 hours but the levels these antioxidants decrease between 24 hour and 72hours.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
• /
• 1999.03a
• /
• pp.225-232
• /
• 1999

Construction case of PRD (Percussion Rotary Drill) pipe pile and matters to be attended in construction of PRD pile were reviewed. The compressive and uplifting static pile load tests for PRD piles were performed and, also, analysis by Pile Driving Analyzer was done. Based on these results, bearing components in each resisting part (that is: steel toe, external skin, and internal skin) were measured separately. The measured resisting force was compared to the value calculated by the estimated formula. The pile capacity was mobilized in steel toe area and the external skin friction and the internal friction were not produced. Thus, it could be considered that toe of PRD pile should be supported in hard bearing stratum (for example, the fresh soft rock).