• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.548-552
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• 2007

This research is the basic research to develop new anti-inflammatory medicine by feeding Scutellariae Radix extract to lipopolysaccharide(LPS) exposed rats, and analyzed it's effect on inflammatory response by LPS derivation. As a result, Plasma interleukin-$1\beta(IL-1\beta)$ and Plasma interleukin-6(IL-6) concentration showed the highest point at 5h after LPS injection, and in this time, the concentration of $IL-1\beta$ and IL-6 in the Scutellariae Radix extract groups at 200mg/kg and 300mg/kg showed lower values than that of control group. Plasma tumor necrosis $factor-\alpha(TNF-\alpha)$ concentration after LPS injection showed the highest point at 2h and showed similar level till at 5h. $TNF-\alpha$ concentration at 2h after LPS injection showed the low value only in the Scutellariae Radix extract 300mg/kg group compared to others, and in 5h, the all Scutellariae Radix extract groups showed lower value than that of the control group. Plasma interleukin-10(IL-10) concentration increased at 2h after LPS injection and reached the highest at 5h. After LPS injection the IL-10 concentration at 2h, the Scutellariae Radix extract injection group at 300mg/kg showed higher value than that of the others, and in 5h after LPS injection, Scutellariae Radix extract 200mg and 300mg groups showed higher value than the control group. Concluding from the above results, in inflammatory response by LPS derivation, the Scutellariae Radix gives positive effect.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.73-83
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• 2013

Objectives : This study was performed to investigate the effects of Foeniculum Vulgare(FV) extract on the anti-inflammatory of lipopolysaccharide(LPS) exposed rats. Methods : We divided LPS exposed Sprague-Dawley rats into 4 groups. They were control group, feed with 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg FV groups. They were administered for 6 weeks. We measured the concentration of plasma interleukin-1${\beta}$(IL-1${\beta}$), plasma interleukin-6(IL-6), plasma tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ (TNF-${\alpha}$), plasma interleukin-10(IL-10), the concentration of liver IL-1${\beta}$, IL-6, TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-10. Results : 1. Plasma IL-1${\beta}$, plasma IL-6 and plasma TNF-${\alpha}$ concentration increased rapidly at 2hours after LPS injection and maintained high levels at 5hours after LPS injection. The concentration of these cytokines in the FV extract groups showed lower values than control group(P<0.05). 2. The concentration of Plasma IL-10 in FV extract groups showed higher values than control group at all times(P<0.05). 3. The concentration of liver IL-1${\beta}$ and IL-6 in FV extract groups showed lower values than control group(P<0.05). The concentration of liver TNF-${\alpha}$ in FV extract groups showed a tendency to decrease and that of liver IL-10 in FV extract groups showed a tendency to increase; however, these values showed no significantly different. Conclusions : In inflammatory response by LPS derivation, the FV gives positive effect.

• Journal of Marine Bioscience and Biotechnology
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.86-93
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• 2007

Chronic inflammation has been known to have a close relationship with several diseases including periodontitis, colitis, hepatitis and arthritis. Recently anti-inflammatory agents have been developed from marine natural resources. In this study, Ecklonia cava (EC) was found to have anti-inflammatory effect. Ethanolic extract of EC belonging to brown algae exhibited an excellent inhibitory effect on the production of inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$, interleukin-$1{\beta}$, interleukin-6 and prostaglandin $E_2$ by RA W264.7 cells. Furthermore, in reporter gene assay and western blot analysis, EC extract exerted anti-inflammatory effect via inactivation of NF-${\kappa}B$ transcription factor that regulates the expression of these inflammatory mediators in macrophages. In addition, EC extract inhibited the activity of matrix metalloproteinase that play an important role in chronic inflammation. These results suggest that EC extract may provide a pharmaceutical potential in inhibiting chronic inflammation.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.54 no.5
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• pp.284-302
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• 2024

Objective: External apical root resorption (EARR) is characterized by permanent loss of dental structure at the root apex. This study aimed to systematically review gene polymorphisms associated with EARR in orthodontic patients. Methods: Electronic database searches were performed across several databases. Results: This systematic review included 21 studies. Outcome measures were based on tooth dimensions observed on radiographs obtained before and after treatment. Polymorphisms in the following genes were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis: purinergic-receptor-P2X, ligand-gated ion channel 7 (P2RX7), caspase-1/interleukin-converting enzyme (CASP1/ICE), caspase-5 (CASP5), IL-1beta (IL1B), IL-1alpha (IL1A), interleukin-1 receptor antagonist gene (IL1RN), tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNSALP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα), tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily gene member 11a (TNFRSF11A), secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1), tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily gene member 11b (TNFRSF11B), interleukin 17A (IL17), interleukin 6 (IL6), receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B (RANK), osteoprotegerin (OPG), stromal antigen 2 (STAG2), vitamin D receptor (VDR), cytochrome P450 family 24 subfamily A member 1 (CYP24A1), cytochrome P450 family 27 subfamily B (CYP27B1), group-specific component (GC), and interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinases 1 (IRAK1). Conclusions: Almost all studies suggested that IL1 gene is associated with EARR. Additionally, P2RX7 may be an important factor contributing to the etiopathogenesis of EARR. TNFRSF11A, SPP1, IL1RN, IL6, TNFRSF11B, STAG2, VDR, IRAK1, IL-17, CASP1/ICE and CASP5 have been identified in isolated studies. Further observational studies are needed to better explain the association between these genes and EARR.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.251-261
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• 2005

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune/inflammatory disorder with a complex genetic component. RA is characterized by chronic inflammation of the synovial membrane in the joint, which leads to the progressive destruction of articular cartilage, ligament and bone. Several cytokines such as tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}\;TNF-{\alpha}\;and\;interleukin-1{\beta}\;(IL-1{\beta})$ and interleukin-6 (IL-6) have been implicated in the pathological mechanisms of synovial tissue proliferation, joint destruction and programmed cell death in rheumatoid joint. Genome wide screening of subjects suffering from autoimmune diseases especially arthritis revealed linkage to inflammatory molecules like $TNF-{\alpha},\;IL-1{\beta}$ and IL-6, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), nuclear factor-kappaB $(NF-{\kappa}B)$ and human leucocyte antigen/major histocompatibility complex (HLA/MHC) locus. The status of the pharmacological mechanism of herbal drugs in the light of genome wide screening results has been discussed to reinforce the therapeutic potential and the pharmacological basis of the herbal drugs.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.59 no.3
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• pp.247-253
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• 2016

It confirmed the applicability as an anti-inflammatory material from Rubus occidentalis seed (RSE) extract. In HaCaT cells to evaluate the anti-inflammatory potential as a material RSE extract on the activity of the inflammatory factors caused by UVB and $IFN-{\gamma}/TNF-{\alpha}$. We measured the activity of ROS, interleukin-$1{\beta}$ ($IL-1{\beta}$), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) by ROS-Glo $H_2O_2$ assay and ELISA kit. Our results showed that the RSE extracts inhibit the UVB and $IFN-{\gamma}/TNF-{\alpha}$-induced ROS activities and expression of $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-6 and IL-8 in a dose-dependent manner. Also it was found that inflammatory mediators of the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibition were also brought, the expression of which is increased $PGE_2$ by COX-2 also inhibited. Finally RSE extracts measure the seed expression of filaggrin in the skin barrier, the main factor of the extract could be confirmed to increase the expression of the filaggrin damaged as a result of this concentration-dependent manner. Through this, it was able to confirm that the efficacy RSE extract to protect the inflammation by restoring the damaged layers of the epidermis. Results from more than RSE extract was able to confirm that the extract that has anti-inflammatory effects by improving the inflammation being produced from UVB.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.67-75
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• 2005

목 적 : 면역 세포에서 주로 생성되는 사이토카인인 인터루킨-1 (interleukin-1)은 다양한 신경내분비계와 대사 기능에 영향을 미치며, 비만인의 말초혈액 단핵구에서 증가하는 경향이 있는 것으로 연구보고 되고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 $IL-1{\alpha}$ 다형성과 사상체질이 비만과 관련이 있는지를 조사하는데 있다. 연구방법 : 본 연구에서는 현저한 체질량지수 (body mass index, BMI) 다양성을 보이는 건강한 한국 여성 182명을 대상으로 $IL-1{\alpha}$ 유전자형을 분석하였다. 결 과 : T 대립 유전자는 BMI 감소와 관련이 있었다. BMI $27-30kg/m^2$ 그룹(group III)에서 T 대립유전자의 빈도는 $25kg/m^2$ 미만의 그룹(group I)에 비하여 유의하게 감소하였다 (odds ratio, OR, 0.141; 0.25% CI, 0.04-0.54). 더욱이 태음인 여성에서 $IL-1{\alpha}$ T 대립유전자의 빈도가 normal group에 비하여 overweight group (BMI $27-29kg/m^2$)에서 명확하게 감소하였다 (OR, 0.139; 95% CI, 0.04-0.54). 결 론 : 본 연구에서 175명의 체질분석결과 $BMI{\geq}25$인 군들의 태음인의 빈도가 높았으며, BMI는 CC genotype를 가진 사람에서보다 CT+TT genotype를 가진 사람에게서 더 낮았다. 태음인에서 동형접합 또는 이형접합 T 대립유전자가 $BMI{\geq}25$인 군에서 유의하게 감소하였다. 이상의 결과는 한국 여성에서 $IL-1{\alpha}$ 유전자 조절부위에 위치한 -889C/T 다형성과 비만 및 사상체질의 관련되는 것을 의미한다.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.241-246
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• 2003

Bambusae Caulis in Liquamen(BCL) has been used to relieve the cough and asthma, and remove the phlegm in traditional Oriental medicine. In recent years, it was studied for its antiinflammatory, antiallergenic, immune-modulating, and anticarcinogenic capabilities. This experiment was performed to evaluate the microarray profiles of CD genes in human mast cells before and after BCL treatment. The results are as follows: The expression of 51 of the genes studied was up-regulated in the Bel-treated group; they include the genes coding L apoferritin, beta-2-microglobulin, ferritin light polypeptide, CD63, monocyte chemotactic and activating fact, heme oxygenase 1, CD140a, integrin alpha M, colony stimulating factor 2 receptor, eukaryotic translation elongation factor, CD37, interleukin 18, NADH dehydrogenase 1 beta, CD48, 5-lipoxygenase activating protein, interleukin 4, ribosomal protein L5, GABA(A) receptor-associated protein, beta-tubulin, integrin beta 1, CD162, CD32, lymphotoxin beta, alpha-tublin, integrin alpha L, CD2, CD151, CD331, 90 kDa heat shock protein, CD59, CD3Z, microsomal glutathione S-transferase 2, CD33, CD162R, cyclophilinA, CD84, interleukin 9 receptor, interleukin 11, CD117, CD39-Like 2, and so forth. The expression of 7 of the genes studied was down-regulated in the BCL-treated group; they include the genes coding con, CD238, SCF, CD160, CD231, CD24, and CD130. Consequently, the treatment of BCL on the human mast cells increased the expression of 51 genes and decreased the expression of 7 genes. These data would provide a fundamental basis to the traditional applications of Bambusae Caulis in Liquamen.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.173-183
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• 2001

Substance P can stimulate secretion of tumor necrosis $factor-\;{\alpha}\;(TNF-\;{\alpha}\;)$ from astrocytes stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Here I report that Chilbogeum can modulate cytokines secretion from primary cultures of rat astrocytes. Chilbogeum $(10\;{\mu}g/ml)$ significantly inhibited the $TNF-\;{\alpha}$ secretion by astrocytes stimulated with LPS and Substance P. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) has been shown to elevate $TNF-\;{\alpha}$ secretion from LPS-stimulated astrocytes while having no effect on astrocytes in the absence of LPS. Treatment of Chilbogeum $(10,\;100\;{\mu}g/ml)$ to astrocytes stimulated with both LPS and Substance P decreased IL-1 secretion significantly. The secretion of $TNF-\;{\alpha}$ by LPS and Substance P in astrocytes was progressively inhibited with increasing amount of IL-1 neutralizing antibody. Upon stimulation from various agents, these cells adopt a reactive phenotype, a morphological hallmark in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology, during which they themselves may produce still more inflammatory cytokines. Chilbogeum $(10,\;100\;{\mu}g/ml)$ significantly inhibited the $TNF-\;{\alpha}$ secretion by CCF-STTG1 astrocytoma cells stimulated with $A\;{\beta}$ and IL-1. These results suggest that Chilbogeum may inhibit $TNF-\;{\alpha}$ secretion by inhibiting IL-1 secretion and that Chilbogeum has an antiinflammatory activity in AD brain.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.81-89
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• 2013

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to observe the effect of Coptidis Rhizoma (CCE-extract of C. chinensis Rhizome) in induction of immune protein on mouse macrophages. Methods : To analyze cytokines interleukin(IL)-$1{\alpha}$, IL-3, IL-9, IL-12p40, IL-13, IL-17, Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein(MCP)-1 induced by macrophages, mouse macrophages were incubated with CCE and was measured. Results : IL-$1{\alpha}$ measurement, CCE showed significant inhibition only at concentration level of 200 ${\mu}g/mL$. IL-3, MCP-1 measurement, CCE showed significant inhibition only at concentration level of 100, 200 ${\mu}g/mL$. IL-9 measurement, CCE showed significant inhibition only at concentration level of 50 ${\mu}g/mL$. IL-13 measurement, CCE showed significant inhibition only at concentration level of 50, 100, 200 ${\mu}g/mL$. The IL-12p40, IL-17 levels indicated no changes at 25, 50, 100, 200 ${\mu}g/mL$ on mouse macrophages. Conclusions : CCE did not significantly increased inflammatory cytokines IL-$1{\alpha}$, IL-3, IL-9, IL-12p40, IL-13, IL-17, Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein(MCP)-1 on mouse macrophages. It was verified CCE does not trigger cytokine related hypersensitivity reaction of organism or exacerbation of acute/chronic inflammatory disease.