• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.24-32
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• 2012

A large fraction of urban $PM_{10}$ concentrations is due to non-exhaust traffic emissions including road dust, tire wear particles, and brake lining particles. Although potential health and environmental impacts associated with tire wear debris have been increased, few environmentally and biologically relevant studies of actual tire wear debris have been conducted. Tire wear particles (TWP) are released from the tire tread as a result of the interaction between the tire and the pavement. Roadway particles (RP), meanwhile, are particles on roads composed of a mixture of elements from tires, pavements, fuels, brakes, and environmental dust. The main objective of present study is to identify the contribution of tires to the generation of RP and to assess the potential environmental and health impacts of this contribution. First, a mobile measurement system was constructed and used to measure the roadway particles on asphalt road according to vehicle speed. The equipment of the mobile system provides $PM_{10}$ concentrations by Dusttrak DRX and number density & size distribution measurements of fine and ultra-fine particles by a fast mobility particle sizer (FMPS) and an aerosol particle sizer (APS). When traveling on an asphalt road at constant speed, there is a clear tendency for PM10 concentration to increase slightly in accordance with an increase in the vehicle speed. It was also found that considerable brake wear particles and particles from tire/road interface were generated by rapid deceleration of the vehicle. The morphology and elements of the roadway particles were also analyzed using SEM-EDX technique.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.131-141
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• 2012

A large fraction of urban $PM_{10}$ concentrations is due to non-exhaust traffic emissions including road dust, tire wear particles, and brake lining particles. Although potential health and environmental impacts associated with tire wear debris have increased, few environmentally and biologically relevant studies of actual tire wear debris have been conducted. Tire wear particles (TWP) are released from the tire tread as a result of the interaction between the tire and the pavement. Roadway particles (RP), meanwhile, are particles on roads composed of a mixture of elements from tires, pavements, fuels, brakes, and environmental dust. The main objective of present study is to identify the contribution of tires to the generation of RP and to assess the potential environmental and health impacts of this contribution. First, a mobile measurement system was constructed and used to measure the RP on asphalt roads according to vehicle speed. The equipment of the mobile system provides $PM_{10}$ concentrations by Dusttrak DRX and number density & size distribution measurements of fine and ultra-fine particles by a fast mobility particle sizer (FMPS) and an aerosol particle sizer (APS). When traveling on an asphalt road at constant speed, there is a clear tendency for $PM_{10}$ concentration to increase slightly in accordance with an increase in the vehicle speed. It was also found that considerable brake wear particles and particles from tire/road interface were generated by rapid deceleration of the vehicle. As a result, the $PM_{10}$ concentration and particle number of ultra-fine particles were measured to be very high.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 1994년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.200-204
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• 1994

Low temperature associated damage mechanism is not well known for asphalt concrete. Many studies have related the thermal cracking of pavement in the roadway in cold region with overall shrinkage of the pavement surface under assumption of homogeneous material. This study, however, was intiated based on the assumption that thermal incompatibility of materials (heterogeneous) in asphalt concrete mixture would be the primary cause of the damages. Acoustic emission technique and microscopic obsevation were employed to evaluate damage mechanism of asphalt concrete due to low temperature. The first method showed the sufficient evidence that asphalt concrete could be damaged by lowered temperature only. The second method showed that the damage by temperature resulted in micro-cracks at the interface between asphalt matrix and aggregate particle. It was concluded that these damage mechanisms were the primary cause of major thermal cracking of asphalt pavement in cold region.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제28권10호
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• pp.881-889
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• 2004

현재 시범 시행중인 자동요금징수(ETC: Electronic Toll Collection) 서비스는 차량 주행 중에 차량내의 자동요금징수 서비스 전용 단말기에 내장된 카드 리더 장치로부터 삽입된 스마트 카드의 정보를 읽어 과금을 결재하는 방식을 채택하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 현 ETC 시스템인 카드 리더 방식에서 발생되는 단점을 극복하고 처리하여 성능이 향상된 자동요금징수 서비스를 위하여 차량이 주행 중에 휴대폰을 이용하여 통행료를 자동으로 징수하는 시스템을 제안한다. 휴대폰을 이용한 자동요금징수 결재 시스템을 통하여 운전자는 카드리더의 이용시 발생되는 카드와 카드 리더간의 불일치로 발생될 수 있는 문제점을 극복할 수 있으며 나아가 휴대폰을 이용하여 요금을 결재함으로서 보다 능률적인 데이터 처리 및 편리한 사용자 환경을 구축하였다.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제57권12호
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• pp.2220-2227
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• 2008

The safety equipments of railway level crossing which are installed at intersections between roads and railway lines prevent level crossing accidents by informing all of the vehicles and pedestrians of approaching trains. The intelligent safety system for level crossing which employs information and communication technology has been developed in USA and Japan, etc. But, in Korea, the relevant research has not been performed. In this paper, we analyze the cause of railway level crossing accidents and the inherent problem of the existing safety equipments. Based on analyzed results, we design the intelligent safety system which prevent collision between a train and a vehicle. This system displays train approaching information in real-time at roadside warning devices, informs approaching train of the detected obstacle in crossing areas, and is interconnected with traffic signal to empty the crossing area before train comes. Especially, we present the video based obstacle detection algorithm and verify its performance with prototype H/W since the abrupt obstacles in crossing areas are the main cause of level crossing accidents. We identify that the presented scheme detects both pedestrian and vehicle with good performance.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.81-88
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• 2014

Noise-barriers on both sides of the roadway (hereafter referred to as double noise-barriers), are a common feature along roads in Korea, and these are expected to have important effects on the near-road air pollution dispersion of vehicle emissions. This study evaluated the double noise-barrier impact on near-road air pollution dispersion, using a FLUENT computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model. The realizable k-${\varepsilon}$ model in FLUENT CFD code was used to simulate vehicle air pollutant dispersion, in around 11 cases of double noise-barriers. The simulated concentration profiles and surface concentrations under no barrier cases were compared with the experimental results. The results of the simulated flows show the following three regimes in this study: isolated roughness (H/W=0.05), wake interface (H/W=0.1), and skimming flow (H/W>0.15). The results also show that the normalized average concentrations at surface (z=1 m) between the barriers increase with increasing double noise-barrier height; however, normalized average concentrations at the top position between the barriers decrease with increasing barrier height. It was found that the double noise-barrier decreases normalized average concentrations of leeward positions, ranging from 0.8 (H/W=0.1, wake interface) to 0.1 (H/W=0.5, skimming flow) times lower than that of the no barrier case, at 10 x/h downwind position; and ranging from 1.0 (H/W=0.1) to 0.4 (H/W=0.5) times lower than that of the no barrier case, at 60 x/h downwind position.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제23권9호
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• pp.65-70
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• 2023

The "information roadway" will give us an impact of new PC based assignments and administrations, yet the unusualness of this new condition will ask for another style of human-PC association, where the PC transforms into a sharp, dynamic and customized partner. Interface administrators are PC programs that use Artificial Intelligence frameworks to give dynamic help to a customer with PC based errands. Operators drastically change the present client encounter, through the similitude that a specialist can go about as an individual collaborator. The operator procures its capability by gaining from the client and from specialists helping different clients. A couple of model administrators have been gathered using this methodology, including authorities that give customized help with meeting planning, electronic mail taking care of, Smart Personal Assistant and choice of diversion. Operators help clients in a scope of various ways: they perform assignments for the client's sake; they can prepare or educate the client, they enable diverse clients to work together and they screen occasions and methods.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.143-154
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• 2012

무가선 저상트램은 친환경 고효율 교통수단으로서 저렴한 건설비, 도시 미관의 개선, 도시 주변 지역 활성화 및 승객 편의성 확보 등의 장점을 보유한 신교통 수단으로 10개 이상의 지역단체에서 도입을 검토 중에 있다. 이에 따라 무가선 저상트램 차량과 노면선로 및 도로교통과 복합된 신호시스템의의 개발, 인프라시스템 구축을 위한 연구가 활발히 진행 중에 있다. 무가선 저상트램 노면선로 중 도심지 구간에서는 레일이 노면에 매립되는 매립형궤도 시스템이 적용되고 있다. 매립형궤도 시스템은 소음 진동의 저감, 공기 단축 및 유지보수 최소화 등의 장점을 보유한 것으로 알려져 있다. 이에 본 논문에서는 국내에서 시공사례가 전무한 매립형궤도 시스템을 설계하여 시험시공을 수행하였고 시공과정에서 발생한 문제점을 파악하였다. 또한 시험선 완공 후 진동과 소음을 일반 자갈도상궤도와 비교 측정하여 매립형궤도 시스템의 소음 진동 저감 성능을 정략적으로 분석하였다.