• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.18-29
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• 1992

As more application programs have graphic functions, standards in the computer graphics are becoming important. To develop a computer aided design and production system for ships, which would be used by different shipyards, a graphic library should be chosen as a standard. Existing ISO graphic standards and de facto industrial standards are surveyed. They are, to name some of them, GKS, PHIGS, X-Window, PEX, PDES, and STEP. GKS and PHIGS concern about the application programmer's interface. Others handle the device interface. PDES and STEP are to standardize the graphical data transfer between heterogeneous systems. Their inter-relations are investigated. Some preliminary suggestions for the choice of graphic standards are included in this paper.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.8D no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2001

The SQL CLl (Call Level Interface) is a database application programming interface (API) that fits the client-server environment, and its de facto standards such as ODBC and JDBC are widely employed in various applications. The current SQL CLl standards, however, do not specify enough features for efficient retrieval of large objects (LOBs) that constitute the multimedia data. In this paper, we propose the LOB caching through the SQL CLl and describe the extension of the SQL eLl to achieve such a goal. We implement our proposal by extending the SQL CLl library for BADA - II DBMS developed at ETRI, and evaluate the performance of LOB retrieval through the cache compared to that of LOB retrieval conducted solely with the functions specified in the current SQL CLl standards.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.08a
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• pp.993-996
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• 2007

Depending on applications where transmission bandwidth, wire distance, power consumption and EMI environments vary, design trade-offs must be made to optimize the display interface. After introducing the digital display interface architecture, topics such as cost, EMI, signal integrity, scalability and content protection are discussed with available techniques. Implementation issues are discussed regarding their cost and design complexity. Existing standards are reviewed and comparison on their strengths and shortcomings are discussed.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.215-227
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• 2014

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate Korea's Honam express train's first- and second-class seat discomfort by using pressure measurement, subjective discomfort rating, and physical compatibility. Background: Over the years, the demand for an express train service is continually increasing. A comfortable ride is important to achieving passenger satisfaction. A train seat plays a significant role in fulfilling passenger seating comfort. With this in view, a field survey and pressure measurements were performed on the selected train seat. Method: The pressure ratio at the body-seat interface (thigh and buttock regions) was measured by the pressure mat system. The interface pressure ratio was calculated and compared. The subjective discomfort rating scale was used to evaluate the subjects' overall feeling. The dimensions of train seats were analysed according to the anthropometric and demographic characteristics of the population data from Size Korea. Results: The results highlighted that the interface pressure ratio was greater while participants sat on the second-class seat than the first-class seat in the left- and right-side thigh regions. Also the pressure ratio was greater for the participants in the 1st~25th percentile height groups (149.8~160.8cm). The subjects rated higher discomfort for the second-class seat than the first-class seat. The physical compatibility results showed that the second-class seat's breadth was inadequate for the 95th and 99th percentile male. Conclusion: Overall, interface pressure measurement, subjective discomfort score and physical compatibility results showed that the second-class seat was more uncomfortable for the passengers than the first-class seat. Application: The adopted methodologies could be used to measure the seating comfort of the train seats.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.169-199
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• 2015

Information and communication technologies (ICT) have been combined with products from other industries to provide new functionality, as recently shown in the cases of Internet of Things (IoT). Modularity assumes a crucial role in such technological convergence, and has impacts on the relationship between organizations as well as competition within an industry. Interface standards, which ensure the connectivity between modules, serve as a critical factor in the process by which modularity affects organization systems and industry structure. To understand the aforementioned phenomenon, we studied modularity and interface standards with a focus on the interaction between technology and organization systems and subsequent changes in industrial dynamics. This paper examines previous literature on modularity and interface standards in the aspects of product architecture, organization systems, and institutional factors. With this analytical framework, we conducted a comparative analysis of electronic and automotive industries to derive implications for standardization policy. This research has shown the significance of external open interface standards in shaping an industrial landscape where a variety of module producers horizontally compete. It also advises that policymakers take into account product characteristics, engagement of leading firms in an industry, and institutional factors such as WTO law in the design of standardization policy.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 1995.06a
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• pp.127-127
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• 1995

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2008.08a
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• pp.256-256
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• 2008

• 한국전자현미경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.94-96
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• 2004

• 한국전자현미경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1995.12a
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• pp.7-7
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• 1995

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.50-69
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• 2001

Three kinds of high-speed signaling methods for synchronous DRAM (SDRAM) bus interface channels (PC-133, Direct-Rambus, and SSTL-2) were analyzed in terms of the timing budget and the physical transmission characteristics. To analyze the SDRAM bus interface channels, loss mechanisms and the effective characteristic impedance method were reviewed and the ABCD matrix method was proposed as an analytic and yet accurate method. SPICE simulations were done to get the AC responses and the eye patterns of the three SDRAM bus interface channels for performance comparisons. Recent progress and future trend for SDRAM bus interface standards were reviewed.