• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.52-62
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• 2008

As various types of embedded devices are widely used, a technology that supports reuse of applications on multiple platforms is needed in order for time-to-market development of the applications. The interface middleware is one of such technology and it hides platform dependency from application programmers. Existing interface middleware such as the MT project, Xenomai and Legacy2linux have limitation in that the APIs provided by each of these middleware are fixed to a specific operating system, and the middleware does not provide dynamic expansion of its API set. In this paper, we propose a middleware which hides operating system dependencies and enables porting of applications on various operating systems. In addition, the middleware has scalable structure so that it is suitable for resource-limited embedded systems. The overhead of the middleware, i.e., the time delay occurred by the middleware is between $0.3{\mu}sec\;and\;5{\mu}sec$ in most cases. We believe that the amount of overhead is reasonable and does not hurt the performance of applications.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.7 no.7
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• pp.31-38
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• 2007

We implement the RFID middleware system based on XML for large-scale data processing. The Implemented middleware system are consist of the reader interface for tag data collection, the event manager for a data filtering, and application interface for the RFID application. The implemented RFID middleware system is to support both a fixed type's reader and portable type's reader. we analyze the middleware function with four application accessing protocol, HTTP, XML, JMS, and SOAP, and demonstrate a filtering speed in terms of CPU utilization.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.464-474
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• 2004

This paper proposes a middleware structure for the module-based personal robot, which can run on heterogeneous network interfaces and provides users easy interface-method regardless of underlying heterogeneous interfaces and convenient exchange of modules. The proposed middleware is divided into three layers of a streaming layer (SL), a network adaptation layer (NAL) and a network interface layer (NIL). The streaming layer manages application transactions using middleware services and provides user a uniform interfaces to the proposed middleware. The network adaptation layer manages a message-routing and provides naming service and it is a core of the proposed middleware. And the network interfaces layer manages dependent parts of heterogeneous network interfaces such as IEEE1394, USB, Ethernet, and CAN (Control Area Network). This paper implements the proposed middleware structure, where 3 types of interfaces of IEEE 1394, USB and Ethernet are used, and measures response times among those interfaces.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.18D no.5
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• pp.393-402
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• 2011

This paper describes a design and application of middleware that is essential to the context-aware system. We define a transducer interface protocol in order to deal with a variety of context data. For the purpose of systematic process of data between middleware modules, a message oriented middleware is designed and implemented. Memory improves the performance of high-performance computing system compared to previous strategies. Context aware middleware adopts service oriented architecture so that functions in modules may be independent and scalability can be remarkable. Using messages across modules decreases the complexity of the application development. In order to justify the usefulness of the proposed context aware middleware, we carried out our experiments in bridge health monitoring system and verified the efficacy.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.9 no.12
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• pp.1617-1627
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• 2006

The concept of middleware for digital TV receivers is not new one. Using middleware for digital TV development has a number of advantages. It makes it easier for manufacturers to hide differences in the underlying hardware. It also offers a standard platform for application developers. Digital TV middleware enables set-top boxes(STBs) to run video, audio, and applications. The main concern of digital TV middleware is now to reduce its memory usage because most STBs in the market are small footprint. In this paper, we propose several ideas about how to reduce the required memory size on the runtime area of DTV middleware using a new native process technology. Our proposed system has two components; the Efficient Native Process Module, and Enhanced Native Interface APIs for concurrent native modules. With our approach, the required memory reduced from 50% up to 75% compared with the traditional approach. It can be suitable for low end STBs of very low hardware limitation.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.25-32
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• 2013

Purpose: The objective of this study is to develop a data middleware for u-IT convergence in agricultural environment monitoring, which can support non-standard data interfaces and solve the compatibility problems of heterogenous sensor networks. Methods: Six factors with three different interfaces were chosen as target data among the environmental monitoring factors for crop cultivation. PostgresSQL and PostGIS were used for database and the data middleware was implemented by Python programming language. Based on hierarchical model design and key-value type table design, the data middleware was developed. For evaluation, 2,000 records of each data access interface were prepared. Results: Their execution times of File I/O interface, SQL interface and HTTP interface were 0.00951 s/record, 0.01967 s/record and 0.0401 s/record respectively. And there was no data loss. Conclusions: The data middleware integrated three heterogenous sensor networks with different data access interfaces.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.399-405
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• 2008

Recently, robot technology is actively going on progress to the field of various services such as home care, medical care, entertainment, and etc. Because these service robots are in use nearby person, they need to be operated safely even though hardware and software faults occur. This paper proposes a Fault-Tolerant middleware for a robot system, which has following two characteristics: supporting of heterogeneous network interface and processing of software components and network faults. The Fault-Tolerant middleware consists of a Service Layer(SL), a Network Adaptation Layer(NAL), a Network Interface Layer(NIL), a Operating System ion Layer(OSAL), and a Fault-Tolerant Manager(FTM). Especially, the Fault-Tolerant Manager consists of 4 components: Monitor, Fault Detector, Fault Notifier, and Fault Recover to detect and recover the faults effectively. This paper implements and tests the proposed middleware. Some experiment results show that the proposed Fault-Tolerant middleware is working well.

• MALSORI
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• no.60
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• pp.125-144
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• 2006

W3C announced a standard software architecture for multimodal context-aware middleware that emphasizes modularity and separates structure, contents, and presentation. We implemented a distributed multimodal interface system followed the W3C architecture, based on SCXML. SCXML uses parallel states to invoke both XHTML and VoiceXML contents as well as to gather composite or sequential multimodal inputs through man-machine interactions. We also hire Delivery Context Interface(DCI) module and an external service bundle enabling middleware to support context-awareness services for real world environments. The provision of personalized user interfaces for mobile devices is expected to be used for different devices with a wide variety of capabilities and interaction modalities. We demonstrated the implemented middleware could maintain multimodal scenarios in a clear, concise and consistent manner by some experiments.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.08a
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• pp.1936-1939
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• 2004

This paper proposes streaming layer for personal robot's middleware. Under assumption that robot has open architecture, i.e. consists of modules created by different vendors and intercommunication between these modules is necessary, we have to consider that there are many different network interfaces. To make communication between modules possible it is necessary to develop new type of middleware. Such middleware has to support different platforms, i.e. OS, network interface, hardware, etc. In addition, it is necessary to implement effective interface between network and application in order to manage inter application communications and use network resources more effectively. Streaming layer is such interface that implements necessary functionality together with simplicity and portability. Streaming layer provides high level of abstraction and makes communication between distributed applications transparent as if are located in same module. With possibility of extension by user defined application interfaces it is suitable for distributed environments, i.e. module based architecture including small-embedded systems like as DSP board. To verify the proposed streaming layer structure it is implemented using C and tested.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2003.11b
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• pp.159-162
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• 2003

In this paper, we present a middleware that using routing scheme that support easily for various type of network in a home network based heterogeneous network. The protocol presented in this paper, consist two layers that Network Adaptation Layer(NAL) to allow access varience networks and Network Interface Layer(NIL) to deal network dependent parts. The middleware presentedl in this paper, can easily send data to any digital appliance or receive data from any digital appliance by using our routing scheme.