• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.109-125
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• 2023

Disposal repository for high-level radioactive waste secures its safety by means of engineered and natural barriers. The performance of these barriers should be tested and verified through various aspects in terms of short and/or long-term. KAERI has been conducting various in-situ demonstrations in KURT (KAERI Underground Research Tunnel). After completing previous experiment, a conceptual design of an improved in-situ experiment, i.e. K-COIN (KURT experiment of THMC COupled and INteraction), was established and detailed planning for the experiment is underway. Preliminary characterizations were conducted in KURT for siting a K-COIN test site. 15 boreholes with a depth of about 20 m were drilled in three research galleries in KURT and intact rock specimens were prepared for laboratory tests. Using the specimens, physical measurements, uniaxial compression, indirect tension, and triaxial compression tests were conducted. As a result, specific gravity, porosity, elastic wave velocities, uniaxial compressive strength, Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, Brazilian tensile strength, cohesion, and internal friction angle were estimated. Statistical analyses revealed that there did not exist meaningful differences in intact rock properties according to the drilled sites and the depth. Judging from the uniaxial compressive strength, which is one of the most important properties, all the specimens were classified as very strong rock so that mechanical safety was secured in all the regions.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.187-202
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• 2019

The main goal of this study is to investigate influence of trust in physical education (PE) teachers and immersion experience in PE classes on attitude and satisfaction during PE classes. Total 863 middle school students in Gwang-ju metropolitan area were recruited by utilizing a convenience sampling method. All data were analyzed by using SPSS statistic program ver. 25.0 (frequency analysis, exploratory factor analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis). Alpha was set at 0.05. The results of this study is summarized as in the following. First, all sub-factors of trust in the PE teachers partially positively or negatively influence sub-factors of attitude during PE classes. Second, sub-factors of satisfaction during PE classes were partially positively affected to trust in the PE teachers. Third, Attitude during PE Classes were found to have partial positive influence on immersion experience in PE classes. Fourth, sub-factors of immersion experience in PE classes have partial positive effect on the sub-factors of satisfaction during PE classes. Thus, in order to the positive attitude and greater satisfaction during PE classes, it is important to establish the trust of PE teachers through maintaining interaction with students, constructing better systemic class, and creating the class conditions based on considering students' ability. In addition, in order to enhance immersion experiences of students during PE classes, it is necessary to set up learning goals and tasks based on ability of students, to study various teaching method, and to make only focusing on the performance based PE classes without grading.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.8
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• pp.44-53
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to plan and develop contents for training social skills using robots for elementary school students. Seven functions (guiding activity, providing reinforcement, guiding students behavior, team setting, presenting team order, timer setting, and checking scores) were developed by analyzing functions that robots can take charge of in the training contents. A total of 8 sessions of social skills training contents were developed by selecting social skills required for academic achievement and social interaction of elementary school students. The lesson consisted of providing positive and negative examples, modeling, role-playing, providing feedback on performance, and encouraging generalization stages using effective strategies for acquiring social skills. After developing social skills training contents using robots for elementary school students, so-called Friendly Friends (FF), a satisfaction survey was conducted on the field application of contents and participating students and teachers to examine the acceptance pattern. As a result, it was found that the participating students and teachers were satisfied with the contents. Finally, the meaning and the expected effects of the 'FF (Friendly Friends)' contents were discussed, and also, the matters to be considered when developing social skills training contents using robots in the future were suggested.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.248-256
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• 2023

ESG, which stands for Environmental, Social, and Governance, becomes a keyword in managing a company as it becomes an "indicator" that judge companies. Since the environment has suffered so much damage for economic development, it is now to reflect the enormous environmental costs of the future in the management standard rather than the immediate financial benefits at the expense of the environment. Compared to the days when corporate social responsibility (CSR) was discussed, ESG management has improved significantly as it requires practice beyond the declarative level, but the level of consideration for the environmental field is still not high. There may be many backgrounds, but the biggest problem may be the lack of understanding for other fields. Accordingly, this study aims to inform corporates of the need for investment in the environmental field by explaining ESG reviewed in the environmental field and ESG management required in the environmental field. Furthermore, another purpose is to inform them that ESG management is a win-win strategy that can have a meaningful effect not only in the environmental field where investment is received but also in terms of companies by explaining the benefits that companies can gain through this. To reach this goal, this study proposed a method of restoring a damaged ecosystem based on corporate investment, evaluating its effects based on carbon absorption capacity, and using it as a means of carbon neutrality practice as well as ESG management performance of a company.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.56 no.spc1
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• pp.1059-1069
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• 2023

Dam-break flow occurs when an elevated dam suddenly collapses, resulting in the catastrophic release of rapid and uncontrolled impounded water. This study compares laminar and turbulent closure models for simulating three-dimensional dam-break flows using OpenFOAM. The Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) model, specifically the k-ε model, is employed to capture turbulent dissipation. Two scenarios are evaluated based on a laboratory experiment and a modified multi-layered block obstacle scenario. Both models effectively represent dam-break flows, with the turbulent closure model reducing oscillations. However, excessive dissipation in turbulent models can underestimate water surface profiles. Improving numerical schemes and grid resolution enhances flow recreation, particularly near structures and during turbulence. Model stability is more significantly influenced by numerical schemes and grid refinement than the use of turbulence closure. The k-ε model's reliance on time-averaging processes poses challenges in representing dam-break profiles with pronounced discontinuities and unsteadiness. While simulating turbulence models requires extensive computational efforts, the performance improvement compared to laminar models is marginal. To achieve better representation, more advanced turbulence models like Large Eddy Simulation (LES) and Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) are recommended, necessitating small spatial and time scales. This research provides insights into the applicability of different modeling approaches for simulating dam-break flows, emphasizing the importance of accurate representation near structures and during turbulence.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.121-130
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• 2024

In this paper, we propose and design an NCS-based job matching system for individuals with disabilities. This system allows users with disabilities to access it, input basic information (personal and disability-related details), and take a simple test related to job performance. The system then provides NCS job-related information appropriate to their type and degree of disability. To effectively link various NCS-based jobs, it is essential to consider the degree of disability for each type of disability. However, most evaluation tools target specific types of disabilities or assess the vocational abilities of individuals with disabilities in a limited manner, focusing only on cognitive levels or certain physical functions. This makes it challenging to apply these tools to an NCS-based job matching system for individuals with disabilities. Therefore, in this paper, we utilize the ICF coresets for VR to assess the cognitive levels or physical functions required for performing specific jobs. Additionally, we use the NCS vocational competency evaluation tools to determine the levels of vocational competencies required for performing specific jobs. By doing so, we match NCS-based jobs according to the type and degree of disability. The proposed NCS-based job matching system relies on the user's interaction with the system, which may pose challenges for visually impaired individuals or those with intellectual and autism spectrum disabilities who have low literacy levels. Enhancing the accessibility of this system could enable individuals with disabilities to receive recommendations for NCS-based jobs that suit their vocational abilities.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.23-28
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• 2024

Cesium is a potential toxic contaminant due to its high solubility, which allows it to easily penetrate the human body and potentially induce cancer or DNA mutations. In this study, oxygen functional groups were introduced on activated carbons (ACs) by ozone treatment to enhance the cesium adsorption capacity. As the ozone treatment time increased, the oxygen content on the ACs surface increased. Subsequently, the electrostatic interaction between ACs and cesium enhanced, resulting in higher cesium ion adsorption efficiency across all samples. In particular, the sample treated with ozone for 7 minutes at an internal ozone concentration of 50000 ppm had roughly 12% greater oxygen functional group content and the highest cesium removal effectiveness (97.6%). Meanwhile, samples treated for 5 minutes showed a 0.3% cesium removal rate difference compared to those treated for 7 minutes, which was caused by the surface chemical similarity of the two samples due to the reactive characteristics of ozone gas. However, the cesium adsorption performance of ozonated activated carbon seems to be mainly influenced by the amount of oxygen functional groups introduced to the surface, although the specific surface area and pore structure of the activated carbon are also important.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.23-41
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• 2024

Recently, various virtual avatar music content that showcases singing and dancing have been produced, and as virtual artists gain popularity, offline virtual avatar concerts have also emerged. However, there are few examples of virtual avatar band content where avatars play instruments. In addition, offline virtual avatar concerts using large screens at the front are limited in their ability to utilize the fantastical effects and high degree of freedom unique to virtual reality. In this paper, inspired by these limitations of virtual avatar music content, we introduce the production case of virtual avatar band content and immersive interactive concert of virtual band idol Verse'day. Firstly, we present a case study on creating band performance animations and music videos using motion capture systems and real-time engines. Then, we introduce a production case of an immersive interactive concert using projection mapping technology and a light stick that allows real-time interaction in an offline concert. Finally, based on these production cases, we discussed the future research directions of developing virtual avatar music content creation. We expect that our production cases will inspire the creation of diverse virtual avatar music content and the development of immersive interactive offline virtual avatar concerts in the future.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.53-59
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• 2024

This study presents the design and implementation of a camera-based 6DoF (6 Degrees of Freedom) tracking and pose estimation system. In particular, we propose a method for accurately estimating the positions and orientations of all fingers of a user utilizing a 6DoF robotic arm. The system is developed using the Python programming language, leveraging the Mediapipe and OpenCV libraries. Mediapipe is employed to extract keypoints of the fingers in real-time, allowing for precise recognition of the joint positions of each finger. OpenCV processes the image data collected from the camera to analyze the finger positions, thereby enabling pose estimation. This approach is designed to maintain high accuracy despite varying lighting conditions and changes in hand position. The proposed system's performance has been validated through experiments, evaluating the accuracy of hand gesture recognition and the control capabilities of the robotic arm. The experimental results demonstrate that the system can estimate finger positions in real-time, facilitating precise movements of the 6DoF robotic arm. This research is expected to make significant contributions to the fields of robotic control and human-robot interaction, opening up various possibilities for future applications. The findings of this study will aid in advancing robotic technology and promoting natural interactions between humans and robots.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.121-134
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• 2024

This study aimed to assess the attentional bias toward angry faces in typically developing (TD) children and children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A continuous performance task was employed, where a distractor appeared as a target letter ("T") and changed direction every 1,250 ms. Longer reaction times to the target in the presence of a distractor, compared to its absence, were considered as evidence of attentional bias toward the distractor. The task assessed the attentional bias toward angry faces in 14 boys with ASD and 17 TD boys, aged 6-12 years. A repeated-measures analysis of variance was conducted on reaction times with emotion, time, and group as independent variables. The three-way interaction effect approached significance. Group-specific analyses revealed that TD children exhibited significant attentional capture when angry faces first appeared, whereas those with ASD did not. Accuracy analysis revealed no significant differences between the groups, with both groups maintaining >85% accuracy, confirming the task's suitability for school-aged children. The absence of attentional bias toward angry faces in children with ASD indicates that these faces may not be perceived as particularly salient for children with ASD. These findings denote that interventions encouraging top-down processing of emotional cues, such as angry faces, may support the development of adaptive social skills in children with ASD.