• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.224-235
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• 2014

Changes in the interactions among incident ocean water waves, coastal debris (marine debris), and the back vegetation zone line on a natural sandy beach on the island of Jinu-do in the Nakdong river estuary were investigated. The study involved a cross-sectional field survey of the beach, numerical modeling of incident ocean water waves, field observations of the distribution of coastal debris, and vegetation zone line tracking using GPS. The conclusions of this study can be summarized as follows: (1) The ground level of the swash zone (sandy beach) on Jinu-do is rising, and the vegetation zone line, which is the boundary of the coastal sand dunes, shows a tendency to move forward toward the open sea. The vegetation zone line is developing particularly strongly in the offshore direction in areas where the ground level is elevated by more than 1.5 m. (2) The spatial distributions of incident waves differed due to variations in the water depth at the front of the beach, and the wave run-up in the swash zone also displayed complex spatial variations. With a large wave run-up, coastal debris may reach the vegetation zone line, but if the run-up is smaller, coastal debris is more likely to deposit in the form of an independent island on the beach. The deposited coastal debris can then become a factor determining which vegetation zone line advances or retreats. Finally, based on the results of this investigation, a schematic concept of the mechanisms of interaction between the coastal debris and the coastal vegetation zone line due to wave action was derived.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.1-15
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• 2004

The drastically changing society has brought diverse types of families, and these diversities are changing the concept of the word 'family' itself. Inevitably, these changes cause different viewpoints among family members, developing into conflicts and social issues. In this paper, generational family problems, which are caused by changes within the family as a result of the variously, diversely changing society, are observed to suggest a resolution. Looking into the functional variety that today's structural change within a family demands, several positives changes described below have been observed; Firstly, the change in the way of interaction among family members; Secondly, the demand for continuance on relational functions including love, care, etc, as a psychological resource of family; Thirdly, the conversion from form's sake relationship to actual relationship; and Lastly, the usage of a clearer communications network. The interaction between the parent-children relationship, according to the changes in family life cycle, is also re-focused to seek resolutions for intergenerational conflicts. The results are as follows; Firstly, the changeability of various family types today must be accepted, and the functional aspects of changing families must be emphasized ; Secondly, the mutual-exchanging value of each generation must be accepted, strengthening relational functions between generations; Thirdly, it is necessary to refocus filial piety. In other words, though the intergenerational transmission of family functions may become the basis of lineage and clan formation, it won't be possible without interaction between generation.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.25-37
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects on particulate concept formation based on abductive reasoning model for elementary science class. For this study, an author selected two groups in the sixth grade. One group is an ordinary textbook-based control group (N=26) and the other group is an abductive reasoning model-based treatment group (N=26). After twelve lessons, the scores of Concepts Test for Gas were analyzed by t-test and two-way ANOVA. The result of t-test showed both the control and treatment groups have higher score than before they take the lesson. But after the lesson, an author found out that the treatment group had higher score than that of the control group. And compared to the number of particles expressed, the number of the treatment group were higher than that of the control class. The two-way ANOVA result revealed that the interaction effect between their cognitive level and treatment was not significant. And regardless of the level of cognition, the scores of treatment group are higher than those of control group. Therefore, abductive reasoning model-based elementary science class were found to be more effective for particulate concept formation. Based on the results, an author concluded that abductive reasoning model is very effective in teaching particulate concepts to elementary students.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.400-408
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• 1999

This study investigated the effect of the grouping method in cooperative learning applied to chemistry concept learning. Two grouping methods used were the HML (High-Medium-Low) and the HL/MM (High-Low/Medium-Medium) ability grouping. Three classes (N = 136) at a high school in Seoul were randomly assigned to the control and the treatment groups. Before instruction. the test of attitude toward science instruction, the perception questionnaire of learning environment consisting of three subtests (participation, conflict, and competition), and the questionnaire of self-esteem were administered, and a mid-term examination score was obtained. These scores were used as covariates. After instruction, the three tests administered before instruction and the conceptions test were administered. Two-way ANCOVA results revealed that there was a significant interaction between the treatment and the level of previous achievement. The low-level students in the HL/MM cooperative group performed better than those in the other groups. The cooperative groups, regardless of the grouping methods, exhibited more positive perception than the control group at participation subtest of the perception questionnaire of learning environment.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.129-149
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• 2013

According to the development of new Information Technologies, firms consistently invest a significant amount of money in IT activities, such as establishing internal and external information systems. However, several anti-Information activities-such as hacking, leakage of information and system destruction-are also rapidly increasing, thus many firms are exposed to direct and indirect threats. Therefore, firms try to establish information security systems and manage these systems more effectively via an enterprise perspective. However, stakeholders or some managers have negative opinions about information security systems. Therefore, in this research, we study the relationship between multibusiness firms' performance and information security systems. Information security indicates physical and logical correspondence of information system department against threats and disaster. Studies on information security systems suggested frameworks such as IT Governance Cube and COBIT Framework to identify information security systems. Thus, this study define that information security systems is a controlled system on enterprise IT process and resource on IT Governance perspective rather than independent domain of IT. Thus, Information Security Systems should be understood as a subordinate concept of IT and business processes. In addition, this study incorporates information capability to information security system literature to show the positive relationship between Information Security Systems and Corporate Performance. The concept of information capability suggested that an interaction of human, information, technical and an effect on corporate performance using three types of capability (IT Practice, Information Management Practice, Information Behaviors and Values). Information capability is about firms' capability to manage IT infrastructure and information as well as individual employees who use IT infrastructure and information. Thus, this study uses information capability as a mediating variable for the relationship between information security systems and firms' performance. To investigate the relationship between Information Security Systems and multibusiness firms' performance, this study extends the IT relatedness concept into Information Security Systems. IT relatedness provides understanding of how corporations cope with conflicts between headquarters and business units to create a synergy effect and achieve high performance using IT resources. Based on the previous literature, this study develops the IT Security Relatedness model. IT Security Relatedness is our main independent variable, while Information Capability and Information Security Performance are mediating variables. To control for the common method bias, we collect each multibusiness firm's financial performance and use it as our dependent variable. We find that Information Security Systems influence Information Capability and Information Security Performance positively, and these two variables consequently influence Corporate Performance positively. In addition, this result indirectly shows that corporations under a multibusiness environment can obtain synergy effects using the integrated Information Security Systems. This positive impact of Information Security Systems on multibusiness firms' performance has an important implication to various stakeholders. Therefore, multibusiness firms need to establish Information Security Systems to achieve better financial performance.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.62 no.5
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• pp.1-15
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• 2012

In a fast changing postmodern society, contemporary fashion is becoming more complicated and ambiguous along with other genres of art than ever before. This phenomenon reigning as a sociocultural paradigm can be defined as 'indeterminacy' and it means 'undecidability'. The purpose of this study is to clarify and analyze the indeterminate characteristics of contemporary fashion reviewing the theoretical background and the architectural formativeness as a comparative research. The core idea of deconstructivism dismantles a causal relationship between function and form in fashion and the conventional notion about clothes. Complexity theory, which is the study of chaotic dynamical systems, suggests the creative idea and concept of infinite possibilities on a formative method. Meanwhile, catastrophe theory of discontinuous change can be used as interpretative strategies for the process of deconstruction and reconstruction. As a result of this study, the indeterminacy of fashion can be analyzed into five semantic categories: irregularity, immateriality, randomness, complexity and changeability. The intrinsic value of the indeterminacy in contemporary fashion is the interaction with a sociocultural ideology and a technological environment as well as an expansion of formative expression. To conclude, it can be said that the indeterminacy in fashion is a new interpretation of the relationship among body and space, clothes and society.

• Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.153-160
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• 2014

As smartphones came into wide use recently, it has become increasingly popular not only among young people, but among middle-aged people as well. Most smartphones adopt capacitive full touch screen, so touch commands are made by fingers unlike the PDAs in the past that use touch pens. In this case, a significant portion of the smartphone's screen is blocked by the finger so it is impossible to see the screens around the finger touching the screen; this causes difficulties in making precise inputs. To solve this problem, this research proposes a method of using simple AR markers to improve the interface of smartphones. A marker is placed in front of the smartphone camera. Then, the camera image of the marker is analyzed to determine the position of the marker as the position of the mouse cursor. This method can enable click, double-click, drag-and-drop used in PCs as well as touch, slide, long-touch-input in smartphones. Through this research, smartphone inputs can be made more precise and simple, and show the possibility of the application of a new concept of smartphone interface.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.133-141
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• 2013

As a work analysis technique, Work Domain Analysis (WDA) aims to identify the design knowledge structure of a work domain that human operators interact with through human-system interfaces. Abstraction hierarchy (AH) is a multi-level, hierarchical knowledge representation framework for modeling the functional structure of any kinds of systems. Thus, WDA based on AH aims to identify the functional knowledge structure of a work domain. AH has been used in a range of work domains and problems to model their functional knowledge structure and has proven its generality and usefulness. However, many of researchers and system designers have reported that it is never easy to understand the concepts underlying AH and use it effectively for WDA. This would be because WDA is a form of work analysis that is different from other types of work analysis techniques such as task analysis and AH has several unique characteristics that are differentiated from other types of function analysis techniques used in systems engineering. With this issue in mind, this paper introduces the concepts of WDA based on AH and offers a comprehensive list of references. Next, this paper proposes a set of principles for effectively applying AH for work domain analysis, which are developed based on the author's experiences, consultation with experts, and literature reviews.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.80-89
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• 2014

0 and 1, two digits are principle and formality of digital media. Those principle and formality dwell in new media paradigm. They are founded on emergence of new types of space. As describing the relationship originating from the concepts of digital media paradigm and space and discussing their characteristics, this paper presents the grounds for a theoretical argument for formation of new space. The concept of virtuality which mimics and represents the real, non-linearity which resembles human system of thinking and sensing, and interactivity connecting the communication theory of human and machine, their properties form the important basis for emergence of a new aspect of space. The concepts of digital media paradigm divide a type of space into two properties. The first is a inner modality. The second is outer modality. Dynamic space implicates inner modality that humans internally recognize the sense of space through their body and sensing organs. Space is not sensed but sensing. Space has an organic nature through object's interaction. Space has an outer nature that is physically variable. Finally, space has properties of modularity that changes structure of space. For empirical basis of an argument, new media art that has architectural form and those spatial characteristics were compared and analyzed. This conceptual discussion for space which the formality of digital media is applied will be an important foundation for create space design.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.159-169
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• 2012

One of critical issues in the housing area is what strategies should be adopted for revitalizing contemporary communities in housing complex. It is expected that those strategies could encourage neighbourship and recover the existing community spaces. Based on the assumption that contemporary communities might have different characteristics from those of the traditional communities and spaces, this research aims to explore the possibility of new communities in a current context. With the development of the information communication technologies (ICT) and hardware systems, the environment would be capable of anticipating people's needs and then provide them with customization options to tailor the environment to their requirements. By incorporating the 'smart' paradigm, this paper introduces the concept of a smart community and space with the potential of mobile Augmented Reality(AR) as alternative strategies for activating the communities. The residents believe that existing common spaces need to be extendable and augmented by combining new technologies. The smart communities and spaces are expected to extend people's interaction to virtual world in aj real context, further combined with social network, it enables sustainable relationships among residents, contributina to a new type of community.