• 한국양식학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.181-183
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• 2008

It has been a very hard problem to reduce solids especially suspended solids (SS) in recirculating aquaculture systems. Present description is based on the performance of trapping SS by the biofilter of Intensive Bio-production Korean (IBK) system which is originally developed for nitrification. We found out that this filter has an excellent capability to remove SS in addition to nitrification. Filter element used here is corrugated plastic roofing plates readily available in the market, and cheaper than specially developed and patented products. It is easy to maintain the system, and requires low power consumption to operate for the treatment of a large amount of water. With 2 pumps of 5 hp each, about 500 $m^3$ of water is treated per hour. Flow speed in the filter was 2.6 mm/sec on average. This low flow speed and very large amount of water treated are the reasons for very effective trapping of fine SS. Upon single pass through this filter, 74.5% of total SS and 40% of non-settleable SS were removed. Wherever this filter is employed in recirculating fish farms water keeps high clarity, this having also been empirically ascertained.

• 중환자간호학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.58-70
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• 2018

Purpose : This study examined the factors influencing posttraumatic and conflict management styles for nursing performance in intensive care units (ICUs). Methods : In this study, 250 nurses from eight general hospitals in three cities participated. Structured self-report questionnaires were used to collect data on posttraumatic, conflict management styles, and nursing performance. Finally, the data were analyzed by SAS 9.3 program. Results : The mean of total sum scores was 31.29, and the high risk of posttraumatic symptoms was 61.2%. It was noted that nursing performance is significantly correlated with collaboration, compromise, accommodation styles, and intrusion. Collaboration styles (${\beta}=0.39$, p<.001) and hyperarousal (${\beta}=-0.22$, p=.050), ICU experience below 1 year (${\beta}=-0.21$, p=.027) and that of 5-10 years (${\beta}=-0.19$, p=.049), and compromise style (${\beta}=0.16$, p=.049) were found to be the factors influencing nursing performance with 35.9% explanatory power value of regression model. Conclusions : The results of the study reveal that conflict management styles, hyperarousal, and ICU experience are factors predicting the successful performance of ICUs. These findings emphasize the need of developing interventions to reduce stress symptoms and conflicts in ICUs.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.38-47
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of perceptions of death, end-of-life (EOL) care stress, and emotional intelligence on attitudes toward EOL care among nurses in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Methods: The participants were 111 nurses working in a NICU who had experienced EOL care at least once. Data were analyzed using the t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression analysis in SPSS for Windows. Results: The mean score for perceptions of death was 3.16 out of 5, the mean score for EOL care stress was 3.61 out of 5, the mean emotional intelligence score was 4.66 out of 7, and the average score for EOL care attitudes was 2.77 out of 4. The factors affecting attitudes towards EOL care were academic degree, anxiety regarding death, negativity towards death, experiences of patient death, and emotional intelligence. The explanatory power of these variables for attitudes towards EOL care was 24.7%. Conclusion: The results of this study are expected to serve as a basic reference for the development of nursing education programs and EOL care protocols to improve attitudes toward EOL care among NICU nurses.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제29권12C호
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• pp.1617-1622
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• 2004

무선단말기용 오디오 복호화기는 무선이동환경의 특성상 낮은 전력소모가 요구된다. 단일 RISC 프로세서를 이용하며 비디오/오디오 신호를 처리하는 기존의 구현은, RISC 프로세서의 연산부담이 과도하여 실시간 밀터미디어 서비스를 지원하기에는 효율적이지 못하고 캐쉬 메모리가 충분하지 않은 경우 잦은 캐쉬-미스로 인하여 전력소비량이 증가하게 된다. 본 논문에서는 무선단말기를 위한 MPEG/Audio 복호화기를 설계하자 MAC 연산에 최적화된 DSP 블록이 내장된 RISC 프로세서를 이용하여 복호화 시스템을 구현하였다. 오디오 복호화 과정을 연산중심부분과 제어중심부분으로 분할하고, 각각 DSP 블록과 RISC 프로세서에 할당하여. 병렬적으로 처리할 수 있도록 알고리듬을 설계하였다. 제안된 시스템은 MP3와 AAC 복호화 과정을 각각 17MHz, 24MHz로 처리한다. 이것은 단일 RISC 프로세서의 구현에 비하여 각각 48%와 40% 감소한 것이다. 오디오 신호처리에 최척화된 DSP 블록이 내장된 RISC 프로세서를 이용하는 것은 자원의 효율적인 이용이 가능하고, 캐쉬 메모리가 크지 않은 휴대용 멀티미디어 시스템에 적합하다.

• 천문학회보
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.36.1-36.1
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• 2020

The progenitor of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) is mainly believed to be a carbon/oxygen white dwarf (WD) with non-degenerate (single degenerate) or another WD companion (double degenerate). However, there is little observational evidence of their progenitor system. Recent studies suggest that shock-breakout cooling emission after the explosion can constrain the size of the progenitor system. To do so, we obtained a optical/Near-IR light curve of SN 2019ein, a normal but slightly sub-luminous type Ia supernova, from the very early phase using our high-cadence observation of Intensive Monitoring Survey of Nearby Galaxies (IMSNG). Assuming the expanding fireball model, the simple power-law fitting of the early part of the light curve gives power indices of 1.91 (B) and 2.09 (R) implying radioactive decay of 56Ni is the dominant energy source. By comparison with the expected light curve of the cooling emission, the early observation provides us an upper limit of the companion size of R∗≤1R⊙. This result suggests that we can exclude a large companion such as red giants, which is consistent with the previous study.

• 한국압력기기공학회 논문집
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.7-14
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• 2014

There has been extensive experience associated with the operation of SGs wherein it was believed, based on NDE, that throughwall tube indications were present within the tubesheet. The installation of the SG tubes usually involves the development of a short interference fit, referred to as the tack expansion, at the bottom of the tubesheet. The tack expansion was usually effected by a hard rolling process and thereafter, in most instance, by the expansion of a urethane plug inserted into the tube end and compressed in the axial direction. The rolling process by its very nature is considered to be intensive with regard to metalworking at the inside surface of the tube and would be expected to lead to higher residual surface stresses. Alternate repair criteria(ARC) in the tack expansion area have been developed and applied to nuclear power plants in USA, however domestic nuclear power plants have not applied ARC for tubes in tubeheet area yet. In consideration of the degradation characteristics of tubes in the Steam Generator tubesheet, this paper suggests ARC application for tubes in the steam generator tubesheet of the domestic nuclear power plants in order to assure life time of the steam generator as well as nuclear power plants.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.265-272
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• 2015

In recent years, flux switching machines (FSMs) have been an attractive research topic owing to their tremendous advantages of robust rotor structure, high torque, and high power capability suitable for intensive applications. However, most of the investigations are focusing on the inner-rotor structure, which is incongruous for direct drive applications. In this study, high torque and power densities of a new 12S-14P outer-rotor permanent magnet (PM) FSM with a DC excitation coil was investigated based on two-dimensional finite element analysis for in-wheel direct drive electric vehicle (EV). Based on some design restrictions and specifications, design refinements were conducted on the original design machine by using the deterministic optimization approach. With only 1.0 kg PM, the final design machine achieved the maximum torque and power densities of 12.4 Nm/kg and 5.93 kW/kg, respectively, slightly better than the inner-rotor HEFSM and interior PM synchronous machine design for EV.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.9-24
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• 1999

Guillain-Barre syndrome(GBS) is one of the common motor unit diseases and defined as acute postinfectious polyneuropathy, It is not known most effective medical intervention for GBS, but generally benefits from an intensive physical therapy program. In this report, hydrotherapy was applied for a patient with GBS to improve muscle power and functional abilities. Two weeks later, the patient's functional abilities, muscle power, and physical endurance were improved without complications. Since the hydrotherapy does not load maximally to the patient with GBS, the patient can exercise himself actively for the maximal tolerance. It is the reason of fast recovery. In summary, the hydrotherapy is important to the patient with GBS and it must apply to these patients more frequently.

• 한국윤활학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국윤활학회 2002년도 proceedings of the second asia international conference on tribology
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• pp.95-96
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• 2002

The operation of proceeding bearing in the conditions of misaligned axis of proceeding and bush leads to the load concentration on the bearing edges causing further mixed lubrication conditions, unstable operation and intensive wear of mating parts. For the design process of proceeding bearing the knowledge of static characteristics determined from the oil film pressure and temperature distribution is very important. For the 3-lobe proceeding bearing, the pressure, temperature and viscosity fields, load capacity, minimum oil film thickness, power loss, oil flow and maximum oil film temperature have been determined by iterative solution of the Reynolds', energy and viscosity equations. The paper introduces the results of theoretical investigations of static characteristics of 3-lobe proceeding bearing operating at misaligned axis of proceeding and bush. An effect of misalignment ratio, length to diameter ratio of the proceeding bearing, the lobe clearance ratio on the static characteristics was investigated. Laminar, adiabatic model of oil film for the solution of Reynolds, energy and viscosity equations was applied.

• 한국생산제조학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.124-129
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• 2015

The performance of a passenger vehicle has been greatly improved recently owing to the intensive use of electronic controllers. Many components of a vehicle, including the engine, are controlled by electronic systems installed in the vehicle. Therefore, the electrical power required for such electronics has increased significantly. However, the electrical power generated by the vehicle's alternator, operated by the engine, is limited, and when the vehicle is started, a large instantaneous current is required. The voltage of the vehicle electrical system fluctuates to a very low level, then, it is gradually recovered. This case is very severe and can even cause damage to electronic systems. In this study, a voltage-stabilizing module comprising electric double layer supercapacitors, which could alleviate the voltage variation, was developed and tested.