• Title/Summary/Keyword: Intelligent car

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Vehicle Area Segmentation from Road Scenes Using Grid-Based Feature Values (격자 단위 특징값을 이용한 도로 영상의 차량 영역 분할)

  • Kim Ku-Jin;Baek Nakhoon
    • Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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    • v.8 no.10
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    • pp.1369-1382
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    • 2005
  • Vehicle segmentation, which extracts vehicle areas from road scenes, is one of the fundamental opera tions in lots of application areas including Intelligent Transportation Systems, and so on. We present a vehicle segmentation approach for still images captured from outdoor CCD cameras mounted on the supporting poles. We first divided the input image into a set of two-dimensional grids and then calculate the feature values of the edges for each grid. Through analyzing the feature values statistically, we can find the optimal rectangular grid area of the vehicle. Our preprocessing process calculates the statistics values for the feature values from background images captured under various circumstances. For a car image, we compare its feature values to the statistics values of the background images to finally decide whether the grid belongs to the vehicle area or not. We use dynamic programming technique to find the optimal rectangular gird area from these candidate grids. Based on the statistics analysis and global search techniques, our method is more systematic compared to the previous methods which usually rely on a kind of heuristics. Additionally, the statistics analysis achieves high reliability against noises and errors due to brightness changes, camera tremors, etc. Our prototype implementation performs the vehicle segmentation in average 0.150 second for each of $1280\times960$ car images. It shows $97.03\%$ of strictly successful cases from 270 images with various kinds of noises.

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The Development and Application of Bus Bunching Indices for Bus Service Improvement (버스서비스 개선을 위한 버스몰림지표 개발 및 적용)

  • Kim, Eun-Kyoung;Rho, Jeong-Hyun;Kim, Young-Chan
    • The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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    • v.7 no.6
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    • pp.1-11
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    • 2008
  • As bus is realized by economical, environmental transportation that is available mass transport than car, various policy for improvement of services is achieved. As innovative public transportation systems like BMS (Bus Management System) have established, it is possible to manage bus service efficiently. However, the present bus service management system mainly focuses on enhancing service reliability represented by schedule adherence index. This study discusses the necessity of a special management for bus bunching phenomena at stops, and develops two kinds of bus bunching indices based on the Number of Berth and the Average Bus Arrival Rate. The bus bunching indices were measured by utilizing the bus operational information from BMS at the Seoul TOPIS(Transportation & Information Service). In order to evaluate the sensitivity of the Indices, the indices were applied to two different bus groups: buses on exclusive bus median lane, and regular (shared) lanes. As analysis result, is bunching as is near in downtown and is bunching to peak time morning than the afternoon. Compared with the schedule adherence index, the suggested indices were proved as an efficient complementary indices in the evaluation of the bus operational performance. The results of index comparison between exclusive bus median lane and shared lanes can promote the expansion of exclusive bus median lane. Moreover, it can also be used as a reference in deciding bus station scale including the Number of Berth and the route adjustment plan.

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A Study on the Optimal Aggregation Interval for Travel Time Estimation on the Rural Arterial Interrupted Traffic flow (지방부 간선도로 단속류 통행시간 추정을 위한 적정 집락간격 결정에 관한 연구)

  • Lim Houng-Seak;Lee Seung-Hwan;Lee Hyun-Jae
    • The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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    • v.3 no.2 s.5
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    • pp.129-140
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    • 2004
  • In this paper, we conduct the research about optimal aggregation interval of travel time data on interrupted traffic flow and verify the reliability of AVI collected data by using car plate matching method in RTMS for systematic collection and analysis of link travel time data on interrupted traffic flow rural arterial. We perform Kolmosorov-Smirnov test on AVT collected sample data and on entire population data, and conclude that the sample data does not represent pure random sampling and hence includes sample collection error. We suggest that additional review is necessary to investigate the effectiveness of AVI collected sample data as link representative data. We also develop statistical model by applying two estimation techniques namely point estimation and interval estimation for calculating optimal aggregation interval. We have implemented our model and determine that point estimate is preferable over interval estimate for exactly selecting and deciding optimal aggregation interval. Our final conclusion is that 5-minute aggregation interval is optimal to estimate travel time in RTMS, as is currently being used our investigation is based on AVI data collected from Yang-ji to Yong-in $42^{nd}$ National road.

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A Research on the Characteristics of EEG Information on Drive Behavior (운전거동에 따른 운전자 뇌파특성에 관한 연구)

  • Oh, Dong-Hun;Namgung, Moon;Park, Hee-Soon
    • The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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    • v.14 no.5
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    • pp.23-29
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    • 2015
  • In this study, human is the subject of driving a car, the actual EEG is a biological information in a number of reactions that are displayed while driving the vehicle by using a measuring device, occurs during travel of the road EEG to be collected, number of experiments the collected material on the basis of changes associated with running time, extracts the factors such as changes due to road geometry, and analysis was performed. The required changes in the EEG occurring during traveling experiment analysis alpha (${\alpha}$) waves, beta (${\beta}$) wave, after the primary extraction in the form of gamma (${\gamma}$) faction, the brain wave frequency of the entire period of the experiment change rate extracts, to calculate the change in frequency in response to EEG characteristics by applying the regression model to observe a learning effect in response to an increase in the number of experiments, as a result, depending on the number of experiments, EEG changes due to individual differences. The show, by repeatedly driving a section like this, it was possible to verify that comfortably travels driver accustomed in accordance with the stored road geometry and signal, safety facilities.

Traffic Signal Control Strategy for Passive Tram Signal Priority on City Arterial (도시부 간선도로의 고정식 트램 우선신호를 위한 교통신호운영 전략)

  • Jeong, Young-Je;Kim, Young-Chan;Kim, Dae-Ho
    • The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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    • v.10 no.1
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    • pp.27-41
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    • 2011
  • This research proposes new tram signal coordination model, called MAXBAND MILP-Tram for a passive tram signal priority strategy. The proposed model was formulated based on the MAXBAND model that was a traditional arterial signal optimization model. The model could calculate the bandwidth solutions for both general-purpose-lane traffic and median-tram-lane traffic. Lower progression speed are applied for the tram traffic considering lower running speed and dwell time at the stations. A phase sequence procedure determines the green times and left-turn phase sequences for tram traffic in median tram lane. To estimate the performance of the MILP-Tram model, the control delay of trams were estimated using the micro simulation model, VISSIM. The analysis results showed 57 percent decrease of the tram compared to the conventional signal timing model. The delay for car, however, increased 18 percent. The sensitivity analysis indicated that the passive tram signal priority strategy using the offset and phase sequence optimization was effective in reducing the person delay under the congested traffic condition.

Computation of Optimal Path for Pedestrian Reflected on Mode Choice of Public Transportation in Transfer Station (대중교통 수단선택과 연계한 복합환승센터 내 보행자 최적경로 산정)

  • Yoon, Sang-Won;Bae, Sang-Hoon
    • The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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    • v.6 no.2
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    • pp.45-56
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    • 2007
  • As function and scale of the transit center get larger, the efficient guidance system in the transit center is essential for transit users in order to find their efficient routes. Although there are several studies concerning optimal path for the road, but insufficient studies are executed about optimal path inside the building. Thus, this study is to develop the algorithm about optimal path for car owner from the basement parking lot to user's destination in the transfer station. Based on Dijkstra algorithm which calculate horizontal distance, several factors such as fatigue, freshness, preference, and required time in using moving devices are objectively computed through rank-sum and arithmetic-sum method. Moreover, optimal public transportation is provided for transferrer in the transfer station by Neuro-Fuzzy model which is reflected on people's tendency about public transportation mode choice. Lastly, some scenarios demonstrate the efficiency of optimal path algorithm for pedestrian in this study. As a result of verification the case through the model developed in this study is 75 % more effective in the scenario reflected on different vertical distance, and $24.5\;{\sim}\;107.7\;%$ more effective in the scenario considering different horizontal distance, respectively.

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Classification of Traffic Information Announcement Considering Cognitive Characteristics for Traffic Situations (교통상황별 인지특성을 고려한 교통정보 방송멘트의 분류에 관한 연구)

  • Hwang, Seong-Min;Lee, Byung-Joo;Suh, Seung-Hwan;Sung, Soo-Lyeon;NamGung, Moon
    • The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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    • v.9 no.3
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    • pp.1-11
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    • 2010
  • Traffic broadcasting is using a usual traffic information announcement when giving its information to users on the road and for the provision of information useful to drivers, a clear criteria of how to judge with information from informers needs to be established from the perspective of users. In this study, to give some available criteria for current announcement which often causes confusion, cognitive characteristics were investigated and analyzed based on judgment criteria which are commonly felt by correspondents, participants in traffic broadcasting and drivers. The result requires the provision of information that is relied on an average speed where drivers feel little cognitive difference and found a classification where a smooth traffic flow is more than 60km/h, going slow 40~60km/h and congested state less than 40km/h respectively. And from the study of 35 traffic information announcement for different traffic situations, 8 cases of smooth state and 9 cases of congested state were clearly classified but the rest 18 cases of comment were ambiguously perceived by drivers and which requires the necessity of a announcement that uses directly the word of 'smooth', 'slow', and 'congestion' in the actual expression of slow driving. The future study should be focused on the establishment of more definite criteria by representation of nearly real traffic flow, provision of traffic information announcement and the analysis of cognitive response through car dynamic simulators and the kinds.

Evaluation Methodology of Greenhouse Gas On-Line Monitoring on Freeway (고속도로 구간의 온실가스 On-Line 모니터링 산정방법)

  • Lee, Soong-bong;Chang, Hyun-ho
    • The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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    • v.16 no.2
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    • pp.92-104
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    • 2017
  • Previous management for speed in road traffic system was aimed only to the improvement of mobility and safety. However, consideration for the aspect of environment and energy consumption efficiency was valued less than the former ones. Nevertheless, economical damage scope caused by climate change has been increasing and it is estimated that environmental value will be increased because of the change of external circumstances. In addition, policy for reducing carbon emission in transportation system was assessed as insufficient in improving the condition of traffic road since it only focused on the transition of private vehicle into public transportation and development of eco-friendly car. Now it is the time to prepare for the adaptation strategy and precaution for the increased number of private vehicle in Korea. For this, paradigm shift in traffic operation which includes the policy not only about the mobility but also about caring environment would be needed. It is needed to be able to monitor the actual amount of greenhouse gas in real time to reduce the amount of emitted greenhouse gas in the aspect of traffic management. In this research, a methodology which can build on-line greenhouse gas emission monitoring system by using real time traffic data and predicting the circumstance in next 5 minutes was suggested.

Analyzing Factors to Affect Trip Mode Chaining Behavior Using Travel Diary Survey Data in Seoul (가구통행실태조사 자료를 활용한 서울시 연계수단 통행행태의 영향요인 분석 연구)

  • Kim, Su jae;Choo, Sang ho;Kim, Ji yoon;Han, Jae yoon
    • The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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    • v.17 no.1
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    • pp.55-70
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    • 2018
  • Recently, as shared transportation services has expanded, integrated mobility services that link personal transportation and public transportation are paid attention. To do this, it is necessary to analyze trip mode chaining behavior. This study analyzed the characteristics of the trip mode chaining behavior using the 2010 travel diary survey in Seoul, and analyzed factors to affect mode choice of trip chaining through the multinomial logit model. The transportation means were classified into passenger cars, city buses, intercity buses, railways, taxis, and others, and 25 trip mode chaining types were identified. Among them, the trip share connected between city bus and railways was the highest. It was also found that the trip mode chaining occurred mainly at commuting and in the morning and afternoon peak. According to the model results, the mode choice of trip chaining is significantly influenced by individual attributes (sex and age), household attributes (car ownership and income), trip attributes (trip purpose, trip time and trip length), and arrival area attributes (number of subway lines and bus lines, ratio of commercial area, land use mix and central region).

A Study on the Estimation of the V2 X-Rate Ratio for the Collection of Highway Traffic Information (고속도로 교통정보 수집을 위한 V2X 차량비율 추정연구)

  • Na, Sungyong;Lee, Seungjae;Ahn, Sanghyun;Kim, Jooyoung
    • The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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    • v.17 no.1
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    • pp.71-78
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    • 2018
  • Transportation is gradually changing into the era of V2X and autonomous cars. Accurate judgement of traffic conditions is an important indicator of route choice or autonomous driving. There are many ways to use probes car such as taxis, as a way to identify accurate traffic conditions. These methods may vary depending on the characteristics of the probe vehicle, and there is a problem with the cost. The V2X vehicle can solve these problems and collect traffic information in real time. If all vehicles are of V2X vehicle, these issues are expected to be resolved briefly. However, if the communication information of a V2X vehicle is represented by a traffic representative in a traffic with only V2X, the traffic information of some V2X vehicles will be able to collect traffic information. To accomplish this, a virtual network and transport were created and various scenarios were performed through SUMO simulations. It has been analyzed that 3-5 % of V2 vehicles are capable of representative the road traffic characteristics. In the future, various follow-up studies are planned.