• International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.3-7
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• 2006

Confocal scanning microscopy is a measurement technique used to observe micrometer and sub-micrometer features due to its high resolution, nondestructive properties, and 3D surface profiling capabilities. The design, implementation, and performance test of a confocal scanning microscopy system are presented in this paper. A short-wavelength laser (405 nm) and an objective lens with a high numerical aperture (0.95) were used to achieve the desired high resolution, while the x- and y-axis scans were implemented using an acousto-optic deflector and galvanomirror, respectively. An objective lens with a piezo-actuator was used to scan the z-axis. A spatial resolution of less than 138 nm was achieved, along with successful 3D surface reconstructions.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.403-431
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• 2016

The objective of this study is to integrate the business, maintenance and production processes of a manufacturing system by incorporating errors. First, the required functions are estimated according to the historical data. The system activities are simulated by Visual SLAM software and the required outputs are obtained. Several outputs including lead times in different dimensions, total cost and production rates are computed through simulation. Finally, data envelopment analysis (DEA) is utilized in order to select the best option between the defined scenarios due to the multi-criteria feature of the problem. This is the first study in which the lead times, cost and production rates are simultaneously considered in the integrated system imposed of business, maintenance and production processes by incorporating errors. In the current study, the major bottlenecks of the system being studied are identified and suggested different strategies to improve the system and make the best decision.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.945-961
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• 2019

Tongue diagnosis is one of the most important diagnostic methods in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Tongue image segmentation aims to extract the image object (i.e., tongue body), which plays a key role in the process of manufacturing an automated tongue diagnosis system. It is still challenging, because there exists the personal diversity in tongue appearances such as size, shape, and color. This paper proposes an innovative segmentation method that uses image thresholding, gray projection and active contour model (ACM). Specifically, an initial object region is first extracted by performing image thresholding in HSI (i.e., Hue Saturation Intensity) color space, and subsequent morphological operations. Then, a gray projection technique is used to determine the upper bound of the tongue body root for refining the initial object region. Finally, the contour of the refined object region is smoothed by ACM. Experimental results on a dataset composed of 100 color tongue images showed that the proposed method obtained more accurate segmentation results than other available state-of-the-art methods.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.63-82
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• 2007

In this paper, we propose an adaptive hybrid genetic algorithm (ahGA) approach for effectively solving multistage-based scheduling problems in flexible manufacturing system (FMS) environment. The proposed ahGA uses a neighborhood search technique for local search and an adaptive scheme for regulation of GA parameters in order to improve the solution of FMS scheduling problem and to enhance the performance of genetic search process, respectively. In numerical experiment, we present two types of multistage-based scheduling problems to compare the performances of the proposed ahGA with conventional competing algorithms. Experimental results show that the proposed ahGA outperforms the conventional algorithms.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.89-101
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• 2008

The most used tool for quality control is control chart in manufacturing industry. But it has limitations at current situation where most of manufacturing facilities are automated and several manufacturing processes have interdependent relationship such as CCM assembly line. To Solve problems, we propose quality management system based on data mining that are consisted of monitoring system where it monitors flows of processes at single window and feature extraction system where it predicts the yield of final product and identifies which processes have impact on the quality of final product. The quality management system uses decision tree, neural network, self-organizing map for data mining. We hope that the proposed system can help manufacturing process to produce stable quality of products and provides engineers useful information such as the predicted yield for current status, identification of causal processes for lots of abnormality.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.65-85
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• 2009

The main purpose of this paper is to propose a sophistication framework for a global manufacturing network (GMN) driven by a mother company to autonomously propagate and coordinate transaction data that are exchanged among manufacturing partners. The framework is based on conceptual fundamentals of previous research that provide a step toward ultimate successful collaboration in the supply chain and employs mobile agents for the coordination and propagation of transaction data. Maintaining the integrity of transaction data linked to a huge information web is difficult. With the sophistication functionalities of this framework, it becomes easy to effectively control the overall GMN operations and to accomplish the intended goals. The current level of sophistication focuses on the transaction data propagation. The sophistication level may be expanded up to business intelligence in the future.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.29-40
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• 2000

Process planning (selection and ordering of processes) and material selection for product manufacturing are two key things determined before taking full-scale manufacturing. Knowledge on product design. material characteristics, processes, time and cost all-together are mutually related and should be considered concurrently. Due to the complexity of problem, human experts have got only one of the feasilbe solutions with their field knowledge and experiences. We propose a hierarchical expert system framework of knowledge representation and reasoning in order to overcome the complexity. Manufacturing processes have inherently hierarchical relationships, from top level processes to bottom level operation processes. Process plan of one level is posted in process blackboard and used for lower level process planning. Process information on blackboard is also used to adjust the process plan in order to resolve the dead-end or inconsistency situation during reasoning. Decision variables for process, material, tool, time and cost are represented as object frames, and their relationships are represented as constraints and rules. Constraints are for relationship among variables such as compatibility, numerical inequality etc. Rules are for causal relationships among variables to reflect human expert\`s knowledge such as process precedence. CRSP(Constraint and Rule Satisfaction Problem) approach is adopted in order to obtain solution to satisfy both constraints and rules. The trade-off procedure gives user chances to see the impact of change of important variables such as material, cost, time and helps to determine the preferred solution. We developed the prototype system using visual C++ MFC, UNIK, and UNlK-CRSP on PC.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.719-739
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• 1996

A common control model used to implement computer integrated manufacturing(CIM) is based on the hierarchical decomposition of the shop floor activities, in which supervisory controllers are responsible for all the interactions among subordinates. Although the hierarchical control philosophy provides for easy understanding of complex systems, an emerging manufacturing paradigm, agile manufacturing, requires a new control structure necessary to accommodate the rapid development of a shop floor controller. This is what is called autonomous agent-based heterarchical control. As computing resources and communication network on the shop floor become increasingly intelligent and powerful, the new control architecture is about to come true in a modern CIM system. In this paper, heterarchical control is adopted and investigated, in which a controller for a unit of device performs three main functions - planning, scheduling and execution. Attention is paid to the planning function and all the detailed planning activities for heterarchical shop floor control are identified. Interactions with other functions are also addressed. In general, planning determines tasks to be scheduled in the future. In other words, planning analyzes process plans and transforms process plans into detailed plans adequate for shop floor control. Planning is also responsible for updating a process plan and identifying/resolving replanning activities whether they come from scheduling or execution.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.1182-1199
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• 2023

Fractional repetition (FR) codes can achieve exact uncoded repair for multiple failed nodes, with lower computational complexity and bandwidth overhead, and effectively improve repair performance in distributed storage systems (DSS). The actual distributed storage system is dynamic, that is, the parameters such as node storage overhead and number of storage nodes will change randomly and dynamically. Considering that traditional FR codes cannot be flexibly applied to dynamic distributed storage systems, a new construction scheme of adaptive-and-resolvable FR codes based on hypergraph coloring is proposed in this paper. Specifically, the linear uniform regular hypergraph can be constructed based on the heuristic algorithm of hypergraph coloring proposed in this paper. Then edges and vertices in hypergraph correspond to nodes and coded packets of FR codes respectively, further, FR codes is constructed. According to hypergraph coloring, the FR codes can achieve rapid repair for multiple failed nodes. Further, FR codes based on hypergraph coloring can be generalized to heterogeneous distributed storage systems. Compared with Reed-Solomon (RS) codes, simple regenerating codes (SRC) and locally repairable codes (LRC), adaptive-and-resolvable FR codes have significant advantages over repair locality, repair bandwidth overhead, computational complexity and time overhead during repairing failed nodes.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.213-224
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• 2009

This paper describes a real-time scheduling system re-construction project for automated manufacturing at a 300mm wafer fab of Korean semiconductor manufacturing company. During executing this project, for each main operation such as clean, diffusion, deposition, photolithography, and metallization, each adopted scheduling algorithm was developed, and then those were implemented in a real-time scheduling system. In this paper, we focus on the scheduling algorithms and real-time scheduling system for clean and diffusion operations, that is, a serial-process block with the constraint of limited queue time and batch processors. After this project was completed, the automated manufacturing utilizations of clean and diffusion operations became around 91% and 83% respectively, which were about 50% and 10% at the beginning of this project. The automated manufacturing system reduces direct operating costs, increased throughput on the equipments, and suggests continuous and uninterrupted processings.