• 제목/요약/키워드: Intellectual And Innovative Development

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기술창업기업의 특허활동이 초기기업 성과에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구 (A study of the Patent-related Activities affecting the Early Stage Company Performance of Technology-based Start-ups)

  • 이형모;김명숙;김응규
    • 벤처창업연구
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    • 제7권3호
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    • pp.45-53
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    • 2012
  • 본 연구는 기술창업기업의 특허활동이 초기기업 성과에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구이다. 기술창업기업은 혁신적인 기술을 바탕으로 새로운 제품 또는 생산방식의 도입과 시장개척을 추구한다는 점에서 지식재산권, 특히 특허권과 밀접하게 관련이 있으며, 그러한 혁신적 기술이 기업 설립과 운영의 핵심적인 역할을 한다는 점에서 기술창업기업에서 특허활동이 가지는 역할에 대한 연구는 중요한 의미가 있다고 볼 수 있다. 기존의 연구들은 기업의 특허활동과 관련하여 정량적인 특허지표를 사용하여 기업 경영성과에 미치는 영향을 파악하는 것이 대부분이어서 기업에서 실제 특허와 관련하여 행해지는 특허활동에 대한 연구는 취약한 실정이었다. 따라서 본 연구를 통해 기술개발지원활동, 권리화 활동, 침해대응활동, 기반활동 등 기업의 특허활동이 신제품개발, 즉 기술성과와 제품성과를 거쳐 경영성과로 이어지는 인과관계를 다음과 같이 검증하였다. 먼저, 특허활동은 기술성과와 제품성과에 긍정적 영향을 미치고 있다. 즉, 특허의 취득과 활용에 관련된 제반활동들이 기업의 신제품개발, 그중에서도 기업의 신기술 개발이나 특허 획득률 등 기술성과에 더 큰 영향을 미치고 있음을 확인하였다. 둘째, 기술성과는 제품성과에 긍정적 영향을 미치고 있으나, 경영성과에는 긍정적 영향을 미치고 있지 않다. 다만, 본 연구의 가설과 모형의 실증분석 결과, 직접적은 아니지만 제품성과를 거쳐 간접적으로 경영성과와 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 제품성과는 경영성과에 긍정적 영향을 미치고 있다. 결론적으로 특허활동이 기업의 경영성과에 영향을 미치고 있음을 확인하였으며, 기업의 특허나 기술의 개발과 같은 기술성과도 중요하지만 결국 기업에 있어 지속적인 경영성과 창출은 제품성과, 즉 고객이 필요로 하는 제품을 만들어 판매함으로써 가능하다는 것을 재확인할 수 있었다.

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현대회화에서의 형태와 물질 -Digital Transfiguration에 관한 연구- (Digital painting: Image transfonnation, simulation, heterologie and transfonnation)

  • 정숙영
    • 조형예술학연구
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    • 제10권
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    • pp.161-181
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    • 2006
  • The words which appeared in my theoretical study and work are image transformation to digital painting, simulation, heterologie and transfiguration, etc. Firstly, let's look into 'digital era' or 'new media era'. Nowadays, the image world including painting within the rapid social and cultural change, which is called as digital era, is having the dramatic change. Together with the development of scientific technology, large number of events which was deemed to be impossible is happening as real in image world Moreover, these changes in image world is greatly influencing to our life. The word which compresses this change of image world and shows is 'digital'. Digit, which means fingers in Latin, indicates separately changing signal, and to be more narrow, it indicates the continual signal of '0' and ' 1' in computer. The opposite word is 'analogue'. As analogue is the word meaning 'infer' or 'similarity', it indicates the signal or form which continuously changes along the series of time when it is compared to digital. Instead of analogue, digital is embossed as a major ruler along the whole area of our current culture. In whole culture and art area, and in whole generalscience, digital is appearing as it has the modernism and importance. The prefix, 'digital', e.g. digital media, digital culture, digital design, digital philosophy, etc, is treated as the synonym of modernism and something new. This advent of digital results the innovative change to the image world, creates the new beauty experience which we could not experience before, and forecasts the formation of advanced art and expansion of creative area. Various intellectual activities using computer is developing the whole world with making the infrastructure. Computer in painting work immediately accomplishes the idea of painters, takes part in simulation work, contingency such as abrupt reversal, extraction, twisting, shaking, obscureness, overlapping, etc, and timing to stimulate the creativity of painters, and provides digital formative language which enables new visual experience to the audience. When the change of digital era, the image appeared in my work is shown in 'transfiguration' like drawing. The word, 'transfiguration' does not indicate the completed and fixed real substance but indicate endlessly moving and floating shape. Thus, this concept is opposite to the substantial consideration, so that various concepts which is able to replace this in accordance with the similar cases are also exist such as change, deterioration, mutation, deformity of appearance and morphing which is frequently used in computer as a technical word. These concepts are not clearly classified, and variably and complicatedly related. Transfiguration basically means the denial of "objectivity' and '(continual) stagnation' or deviation from those. This phenomenon is appeared through the all art schools of art ever since the realism is denied in the 19th century. It is called as 'deformation' in case of expressionism, futurism, cubism, etc, in the beginning of the century, which its former indication is mostly preserved within the process of structural deviation and which has the realistic limit which should be preserved. On the contrary, dramatic transfiguration which has been showing in the modern era through surrealism is different in the point that dramatic transfiguration tends to show the deterioration and deviation rather than the preservation of indicated object. From this point, transfiguration coming out from morphing using computer deteriorates and hides the reality and furthermore, it replaces the 'reality'. Moreover, transfiguration is closely approached to the world of fake or 'imaginary' simulation world of Baudrillard. According to Baudrillard, the image hides and deteriorates the reality, and furthermore, expresses 'not existing' to 'imaginary' under the name of transfiguration. Certain reality, that is, image which is absent from the reality is created and overflowed, so that it finally replaces the reality. This is simulation as it is said by Baudrillard. In turn, Georges Bataille discusses about the image which is produced by digital technology in terms of heterologie. Image of heterologie is the visual signal which is established with the media. Image of media is to have the continuous characteristics of produce, extinction, and transformation, and its clear boundary between images becomes meaningless. The meaning of composition, excess, violation, etc of digital image is explained to heterological study or heteologie suggested as important meaning of Georges Bataille who is a heretic philosopher. As the form and image of mutation shows the shape in accordance with mechanical production, heterologie is introduced as very low materialism (or bas materialisme), in this theory. Heterologie as low materialism which is gradually changing is developing as a different concept and analysis because of the change of time in the late 20s century beside high or low meaning. Including my image, all images non-standardizes and transforms the code. However, reappearance and non-standardization of this code does not seem to be simple. The problem of transformation caused by transfiguration which appears in my digital drawing painting, simulation, heterologie, etc, are the continual problems. Moreover, the subject such as existence of human being, distance from the real life, politics and social problems are being extended to actual research and various expressing work. Especially, individual image world is established by digital painting transfiguration technique, and its change and review start to have the durability. The consciousness of observers who look at the image is changing the subject. Together with theoretical research, researchers are to establish the first step to approach to various image change of digital era painting through transfiguration technique using our realistic and historical image.

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