• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.165-172
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• 2023

Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic, incurable and relapsing disease involving any part of the gastrointestinal tract and exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) is first-line therapy. Few studies have examined the patient experience of EEN. The aim of this study was to assess the child's experiences of EEN, to identify problematic themes and understand the child's mindset. Children with CD who previously completed EEN were recruited to complete a survey. All data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel and reported as N (%). Forty-four children (mean age 11.3 years) consented to participate. Sixty-eight percent of children reported limited formula flavors as the most challenging aspect and 68% of children identified 'support' to be important. This study highlights the psychological impact of chronic disease and its therapies on children. Providing adequate support is essential to insure EEN is successful. Further studies are required to determine psychological support strategies for children taking EEN.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.21-35
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• 2001

By rearing private experts to design hazardous facilities, Safety property is obstained. So it is necessary to limit within the designer of hazardous materials facilities who has some degree skill. After permission progress about the inspection of the design ascertain whether it is safety property Mayor/Do governor permits within the laws and their qualification. Accordingly, Korea Fire Equipment Inspection Corporation be come specialization about the design, inspection of construction completion. A inquire purpose of Fire Service Act be considered fitness. Subject by which the Korea Fire Equipment Inspection Corporation is entrusted, subject by which the a non-probit corporation in The Civil Law be possible to entrusted in separate. In this case, because of the level of one's technique and facilities are important, to limit as a nonprobit corporation in The Civil Law give rise to trouble. Consequently; established a business corporation, which the level of one's technique and facilities, in accordance with The Commercial Law can assign inspection of construction completion. The contents of the Fire Services Act is caused by the historic growth of hazardous facilities's safety management. Because we decide on a course about completed inspection of hazardous substance, it is needed that adjust the task performed by a corporation of the exert skill and the duty performed by the task that a authorized corporation on the civil law or the commercial law To adjust the duty, the Fire Service Act, that is suitable to the purpose and principle, should constitute a measure of the duty. With the object of insure the safety of the hazardous substance, when the fire survice act establish a corporation of the expert skill. There is the will of lawmakers that need organization to have the power of the professional technology. The state excise the will that insure the safety of hazardous materials facilities on the basis of the professional technology and facilities, and construct to establish a corporation of the expert skill. Therefore as concentrate on the technology to need to insure the safety of the facilities of hazardous substance to be suitable on the purpose of laws and take responsibility and reports to a corporation of the expert skill. The task to be given to the state will be done.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.121-136
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• 2000

This study reports on a comparison between the Korean diffusion of agricultural innovation or extension service and the cooperative extension service in the United States of America. It focuses on relevant differences between the two systems and provides recommendation for improvement of the Korean system to insure success in important areas related to the diffusion of agricultural innovations. After a comparative study on diffusion of innovations it is clear that: in order to have a productive agriculture that makes effective and efficient use of natural resources and helps achieve sustainability goals, a mechanism that delivers knowledge to agricultural communities must be established and maintained. This mechanism is clearly an agricultural extension service that is cooperatively funded by federal, state and local governments and that insures participation of constituents in the process of establishing priorities and evaluating achievements. The success of US agriculture, the most productive in the world, is to a large degree to the Cooperative Extension Service. Based on the results of this study and the differences of the United States and Korea, the following recommendations should be emphasized for more effective communication for agricultural innovation and rural development in Korea: 1) In order to insure that extension educators are high caliber professional individuals, it is important to establish a system that nationally recognizes these individuals as such, and that provides a professional development path. 2) The results of the decision of transfer of extension educators to local governments has not yielded positive outcomes, especially in terms of professional status. It is clearly demonstrable that valuable professionals are leaving the service, that local governments do not have the will and resources to implement a successful extension program. 3) Because of the critical importance of diffusing innovations to agricultural producers in order to insure and quality and steady food supply, it is of critical importance that these issues be addressed before the extension service is further deteriorated. Given the cement situation, it is clear that the extension service should become nationally supported again in cooperation with local and state governments and that extension professionals be given appropriate rank at the national level, commesurate with their peers in research and teaching. 4) The common current committee practice of lengthy reporting and short discussion needs to be changed to one that results in char, brief and substantive action oriented goals. Joint participation by researchers, extension educators and farmers should be encouraged in planning, implementation and evaluation of communication for agricultural innovations. Roles and functions of committees for institutional cooperation, and or agricultural extension committees should be enlarged. 5) Extension educators should be encouraged to adopt new communication technologies to improve their diffusion of innovations methods. Agricultural institutions and organizations should be encouraged to adopt farmer-first and or client-oriented approach in agricultural extension and diffusion of agricultural technologies. The number, complexity and rapid change of information in agricultural extension require the development of a computer based information and report system to support agricultural extension. 6) To facilitate and expand the further development of communication for agricultural innovation and rural development, agricultural communication programs in universities especially in colleges of agriculture and life sciences. 7) To strengthening the sense of national and social responsibility communication for agricultural innovation and rural development among students in agricultural colleges and universities through participation in learning activities by proactive recruitment. 8) To establish and reinforce a policy that insures participation in communication for agricultural innovation and regal development activities. 9) To improve further development of communication for agricultural innovation and rural development in Korea, more research activities should be encouraged.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.507-512
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• 2008

Recently, Busan-Geoje fixed Link Immersed Tunnel and the Tokyo Port Waterway 2 Submarine Tunnel have been constructing. Furthermore it was mentioned to construct an immersed tunnel from Korea to Japan. As a result, it is expected that the demand to use the immersed tunnel will be increased. However, if a fire occurs in the immersed tunnels, it will damage tunnel elements and not save human lives more seriously than normal tunnels on the ground because of the absence of exits as well as closing structure of the immersed tunnels. In fact, the fire accident in the Eurotunnel which connects between France and the Unite Kingdom through the immersed tunnel had occurred twice in 1996 and 2008, and the inner surface of the tunnel got damaged such as concrete popout and structural damage. As a result, not only economic injury but enormous expense to repair and reinforce the tunnel were derived because of the suspension of traffic after the fire happened. Now, from the examining and analyzing study on the fire resistance of immersed tunnels in developed countries and Busan-Geoje fixed Link Immersed Tunnel, we suggest the establishment method of fire resistance to insure the fire safety of immersed tunnel.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.55-63
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• 2015

Embankment of agricultural reservoir started by four major rivers project. Most agricultural reservoirs must insure the agricultural water, they need must be ensured stability of embankment. Recently, there is a growing interest in seismic stability of structure by earthquake. Results of evaluation of the structural stability through seismic vibration test and numerical analysis, maximum displacement and the maximum acceleration is a similar trends. Appeared by increasing occurrence of the value of the displacement and acceleration of the structure with the result long period wave type in accordance with the seismic wave in the case of seismic waves, which shows the results of similar tendency as long period wave type consists of waveform seismic acceleration. Model test and numerical analysis results with in order to increase embankment agricultural reservoir, the displacement was found to ensure it is displayed within one percentage structural stability of the embankment.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.92-104
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• 2014

To insure stable operation and eliminate twice torque ripple, a topology for a six phase permanent magnet synchronous generator (SP-PMSG) with a neutral point connected together was analyzed in this paper. By adopting an extended transformation matrix, the mathematic model of the space vector control was established. The voltage and torque equations were deduced while considering the third harmonic flux and inductance. In addition, the suppression third harmonic method and the closed loop control strategy were proposed. A comparison analysis indicates that the cooper loss minimum method and the current magnitude minimum method can meet different application requirements. The voltage compensation amount for each of the methods was deduced which also takes into account the third harmonic effect. A simulation and experimental result comparison validates the consistency through theoretical derivation. It can be seen that all of the two control strategies can meet the requirements of post-fault.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.60 no.9
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• pp.273-281
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• 2017

To date, preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) after birth have been managed with a combination of endotracheal intubation, surfactant instillation, and mechanical ventilation. It is now recognized that noninvasive ventilation (NIV) such as nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in preterm infants is a reasonable alternative to elective intubation after birth. Recently, a meta-analysis of large controlled trials comparing conventional methods and nasal CPAP suggested that CPAP decreased the risk of the combined outcome of bronchopulmonary dysplasia or death. Since then, the use of NIV as primary therapy for preterm infants has increased, but when and how to give exogenous surfactant remains unclear. Overcoming this problem, minimally invasive surfactant therapy (MIST) allows spontaneously breathing neonates to remain on CPAP in the first week after birth. MIST has included administration of exogenous surfactant by intrapharyngeal instillation, nebulization, a laryngeal mask, and a thin catheter. In recent clinical trials, surfactant delivery via a thin catheter was found to reduce the need for subsequent endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation, and improves short-term respiratory outcomes. There is also growing evidence for MIST as an alternative to the INSURE (intubation-surfactant-extubation) procedure in spontaneously breathing preterm infants with RDS. In conclusion, MIST is gentle, safe, feasible, and effective in preterm infants, and is widely used for surfactant administration with noninvasive respiratory support by neonatologists. However, further studies are needed to resolve uncertainties in the MIST method, including infant selection, optimal surfactant dosage and administration method, and need for sedation.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.145-153
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• 2006

The adverse events which do not appear in the approval process tend to occur more frequently at the early stage of the use. Therefore new drugs, drugs with different active substances or routes of administration, or drugs with explicitly different efficacy added are particularly chosen for re-examination, and go through a study, which is conducted on 600 to 3,000 subjects over 4 to 6 years. Since the re-examination system was implemented in January 1995, 880 drug products have been designated as the subject of re-examination and among them 194 drugs have been completed their re-examination as of until March 2005. Post Marketing Surveillance to insure drug safety should be correlated with re-examination of new drug, re-evaluation of drug, and adverse event monitoring system. And the first labeling change should reflect all information collected for a defined period of time after the marketing authorization is granted. Furthermore centralized management through spontaneous reporting system of adverse event for whole period of time would be the most desirable type of system.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics B
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• v.31B no.11
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• pp.1-10
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• 1994

A concurrent computation model Doorae and its description language DL are developed to model problems of parallel and distributed systems. Doorae model has simple and uniform concepts of object and message passing for problem modeling and computation. A method for detecting parallelism implicitly. with no exact description of parallelism in program. is proposed. Furthermore, the method assures the maximum parallelism in dynamic environment by creating concurrent objects. Also a concept of Waiting Variable to insure maximum computation efficiency of objects is proposed.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.384-390
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• 2005

In the numerical analysis of En (eddy current testing) using 3-dimensional FEM (finite element method), MVP (magnetic vector potential) and electric scalar potential are used as variables in conductor region. Three dimensional modeling makes number of unknowns increase, and the degree of freedom of variables also makes number of unknowns increase. Because of this reason, modified UP is used to reduce the number of unknowns. Gauge condition is enforced artificially on existing FEM formulations to insure the uniqueness of MVP. So in this paper the effects of these FEM formulation procedures on ECT are investigated and the appropriate FEM formulation is suggested for accurate ECT simulation.