• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.23-34
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• 2010

After analyzing each procedure from standard instrument procedures used at Incheon International Airport, which is believed to have caused noise problems in and around Ganghwa island, we came to a conclusion that some Standard Instrument Departure Procedures and Standard Instrument Approach Procedures need to be revised, and therefore we made some propositions with regard to noise abatement procedures(CDA, RNAV approach etc.). Additionally, we evaluated viability of the proposed flight procedures by conducting a number of demonstrations with use of flight simulation.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.272-277
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• 2024

In most countries, instrument flight procedures are designed by applying one of the following standards: the International Aviation Organization's DOC 8168, Air Navigation Services and Operation Procedures (PANS-OPS), or the US Federal Aviation Administration's TERPS, Terminal Procedures. In particular, the circling approach procedure has many differences between the two standards, and the US terminal procedure (TERPS) has become more complicated since 2013 by applying expanded standards depending on altitude. The circling approach procedures are more risky than straight-in approach procedures because it involves maneuvering the aircraft close to the ground at low energy for landing. In order to accurately understand these differences, this study provides to distinguish by what criteria the circling approach procedure is designed according to individual domestic airports in Korea, to calculate the radius for the range of circling approach areas that guarantee minimum obstacle avoidance during circling approach maneuvers, and to present methods for performing safe circling approach procedures.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.192-198
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• 2015

Since instrument landing system currently operating in most airports is operating in single-pass, it is not possible to accommodate a large number of aircraft. A satellite navigation system GBAS using a GNSS has been developed to solve these limitation when air traffic increases. GBAS is better than the ILS in position accuracy and capable of landing through multiple paths rather than a single path, the aircraft can perform varied landing procedures. In this paper, after we established a virtual ILS procedures at Taean Airfield in which ILS installation is impossible due to environmental requirements and airspace restrictions, flight test was performed by Cessna Skyhawk 172 to compare the virtual ILS procedures and curved approach procedure and the advantage of curved approach was confirmed.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2015

Due to the rapid increase in air traffic worldwide, ICAO has replaced the existing navigation equipment with equipment based on satellite navigation. As a part of that work, ICAO was planning to replace conventional takeoff and landing service using ILS with GBAS. Unlike ILS, GBAS which uses precision approach service inducing aircraft to airport and satellite based augmentation system providing precise position information service surrounding airport is capable of providing a required performance by only a system, regardless of the number of systems, and has an advantage that it is possible curved approach. In this paper, fuel reduction of ILS approach procedures and GBAS curved approach procedures is estimated and determined by flight test in Taean Airport.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.173-197
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• 2010

Though service is recognized as not only a new driver for economy growth but also a source for sustainable value creation, it has been misunderstood in the literatures because of traditional characteristics of service such as inseparability, heterogeneity, intangibility, and perishability. This perspective can be a cause of barrier to approach a service. The purpose of this study is to develop and validate an instrument to measure of the service process. A series of statistical procedures were used to analyze the data, which proved that the instrument is valid and reliable. This study makes a contribution to both academic research and management practice. Theoretically, this study provides a measurement of service process in organizations for identifying service process. In practice, the results of this study will help organizations evaluate their service process innovation.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.9-15
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• 2014

'Visual segment surface' means a surface that extends from the missed approach point of non precision approaches (or the decision altitude location for approaches with vertical guidance and precision approaches) to the threshold to facilitate the identification of and protection from obstacles in this visual segment of the approach. Validation is the necessary final quality assurance step in the procedure design process, prior to publication. The purpose of validation is the verification of all obstacle and navigation data, and assessment of flyability of the procedure. This paper shows how to apply the protection for the visual segment of the approach procedure, and the results of the validation for visual segment surface conducted at an airport.

• Annals of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.95-101
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• 2023

Rapid adoption of a robotic approach as a minimally invasive surgery tool has enabled surgeons to perform more complex hepatobiliary surgeries than conventional laparoscopic surgery. Although various types of liver resections have been performed robotically, parenchymal transection is challenging as commonly used instruments (Cavitron Ultrasonic Surgical Aspirator [CUSA] and Harmonic) lack articulation. Further, CUSA also requires a patient-side assistant surgeon with hepatobiliary laparoscopic skills. We present a case report of total robotic right hepatectomy for multifocal hepatocellular carcinoma in a 70-year-old male using 'Vessel Sealer' for parenchymal transection. Total operative time was 520 minutes with a blood loss of ~400 mL. There was no technical difficulty or instrument failure encountered during surgery. The patient was discharged on postoperative day five without any significant complications such as bile leak. Thus, Vessel Sealer, a fully articulating instrument intended to seal vessels and tissues up to 7 mm, can be a promising tool for parenchymal transection in a robotic surgery.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1995.07a
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• pp.59-61
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• 1995

This paper presents the cogging torque analysis of the permanent magnet type AC servo motor which have the closed slot structure. Generally, existence of the slot opening causes the cogging torque. But the cogging torque exists in this type motor(having closed slot structure) because the bridge part is saturated by the rotor flux. In this paper, the finite element analysis is used to calculate the cogging torque and the rated torque. As the size of the bridge part-the thickness and the width-changes, the cogging torque and the rated torque are obtained repeatedly like as upper procedures. Finally, the trends of the cogging torque and the rated torque versus the size of the bridge part are obtained from this analysis procedures. By this approach, the optimal geometry of the bridge part can be found which minimize the cogging torque satisfying the required value of the rated torque.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.113-125
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• 2001

The purpose of the study was to determine the convergent validity, discriminant validity and internal consistancy reliability of the social support and family support measuring tool. Two procedures were used : 1) Campbell and Fiske's multitrait-multimethod approach and item total correlation with Chronbach's $\alpha$. The result suggest that SNM, NSSQ, SNM/family, NSSQ/famliy is a valid and a reliable instrument for measuring social support. But PRQ part2 is low in convergent validity. The results further suggest that we have to more attention to a valid and reliable likert type scale for social support.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.327-332
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• 2014

Single-port video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) has slowly established itself as an alternate surgical approach for the treatment of an increasingly wide range of thoracic conditions. The potential benefits of fewer surgical incisions, better cosmesis, and less postoperative pain and paraesthesia have led to the technique's popularity worldwide. The limited single small incision through which the surgeon has to operate poses challenges that are slowly being addressed by improvements in instrument design. Of note, instruments and video-camera systems that are narrower and angulated have made single-port VATS major lung resection easier to perform and learn. In the future, we may see the development of subcostal or embryonic natural orifice translumenal endoscopic surgery access, evolution in anaesthesia strategies, and cross-discipline imaging-assisted lesion localization for single-port VATS procedures.