• 한국항공운항학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.7-18
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• 2023

The continuous increase in air traffic emphasizes the importance of capacity calculation. Research on the calculation method of Terminal Control Area (TMA) capacity has been treated as a partial aspect of the airspace sector capacity or has been limitedly studied. This study aims to propose a mathematical model for calculating TMA capacity, taking into account the Standard Terminal Arrival Route (STAR), separation standards, TMA entry speed, and runway threshold passing speed. The proposed model has the advantage of being able to calculate the instantaneous arrival capacity, which has not been noted in previous studies, along with the throughput. Additionally, it is meaningful as the model can easily calculate the arrival capacity of the TMA considering airport construction, runway expansion, or new procedures.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제67권2호
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• pp.155-163
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• 2018

The Early-age construction loading and changing properties of concrete, especially in the multi-story structures can affect the slab deflection, significantly. Based on previously conducted experiment on eight simply-supported one-way slabs this paper investigates the effect of concrete type, fiber type and content, loading value, cracking moment, ultimate moment and applied moment on the instantaneous deflection of Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC) slabs. Two distinct loading levels equal to 30% and 40% of the ultimate capacity of the slab section were applied on the slabs at the age of 14 days. A wide range of the existing models of the effective moment of inertia which are mainly developed for conventional concrete elements, were investigated. Comparison of the experimental deflection values with predictions of the existing models shows considerable differences between the recorded and estimated instantaneous deflection of SCC slabs. Calculated elastic deflection of slabs at the ages of 14 and 28 days were also compared with the experimental deflection of slabs. Based on sensitivity analysis of the effective parameters, a new model is proposed and verified to predict the effective moment of inertia in SCC slabs with and without fiber reinforcing under two different loading levels at the age of 14 days.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회 논문집 전기설비전문위원
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• pp.123-124
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• 2008

Battery is one of the emergency power. Battery reliability is a very important to keep up the minimum of building capabilities in case of interruption of electric power. Instantaneous discharge test is carried out for measuring transient voltage change(${\Delta}V$) and internal instantaneous impedance(Z), and then it is compared with discharge test results for the estimating the battery capacity. As a result, it was confirmed that the voltage change(${\Delta}V$) and the instantaneous impedance of the batteries failed in actual discharge test were higher that those of the sound batteries. Such an instantaneous discharge test can be a diagnosis of battery sound.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.1624-1641
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• 2015

Instantaneous relay (relay-without-delay) using interference alignment is a promising approach to neutralizing interference and improving system capacity. In Wang Chenwei's work, a 2-user scenario required both source and relay to access the global channel state information (CSI). This paper shows a new method of interference alignment improves the degrees of freedom (DoF) prominently for the 3-user MIMO interference channel with instantaneous relay. This new method is focused on the relay node that completes the alignment interference neutralization so the global CSI is obtained only once and the pressure on the base station can be mitigated. In addition, the 3-user MIMO interference channels with instantaneous relay can achieve 2M DoF when source and destination have M antennas, respectively. This method shows 33% improvement over the conventional method using interference alignment which obtains 3M/2 DoF.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2016년도 추계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.128-129
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• 2016

This study is to categorize the loading of multiple persons on a vertical building elements into three types to test the size of crowd pressure under each loading patterns. The loading patterns is divided under the combination of loading method and loading persons. The loading method is categorized into the method of instantaneous loading of hand on a force plate and the method of continuous loading. The loading persons has been composed of 1~5 persons under the loading patterns. The loading patterns is also divided into lateral loading, longitudinal loading, and agglomeration loading. The subject group has been composed of 12 males in 20s. The load measurement device(size 1800×600×36mm, capacity 20kN, rigidity 28kN/cm) has been designed and manufactured directly. To eliminate the difference of individual, the size of crowd pressure has been converted into the strength to weight ratio (maximum load/weight) for computation. The strength to weight ratio in lateral loading was about 0.91 under instantaneous loading and about 0.47 under continuous loading. The strength to weight ratio in longitudinal loading was about 0.65 under instantaneous loading and about 0.36 under continuous loading. The strength to weight ratio in agglomeration loading was about 0.65 under instantaneous loading and about 0.36 under continuous loading.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:시스템및이론
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• 제33권9호
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• pp.585-591
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• 2006

Generalized Processor Sharing(GPS) 모델은 세션에게 서비스를 제공시 순시적 공정서비스를 통해 서버 용량을 분배한다. 이 공정서비스는 단지 현재 서버 내에 대기 중인 세션만을 고려하여 서버 용량을 분배하기 때문에, 서비스를 제공하는 순간 서비스를 받는 세션 간에는 공정한 서비스가 제공된다고 볼 수 있다. 그러나 긴 시간의 관점에서 보면 같은 가중치를 가지는 한 세션이 다른 세션에 비해 평균적으로 다른 용량으로 서비스 받는 문제가 발생한다. 본 연구에서는 긴 시간의 관점에서 모든 세션이 항상 공평한 서비스용량을 제공받을 수 있는 누적 공정서비스 모델(CFS)을 제안한다. 이 CFS 모델은 각 세션에게 누적적 공정 서비스 용량을 제공하기 때문에 세션관점 공정 서비스를 제공한다. 그리고 이 모델과 이 모델을 참조하여 각 세션의 패킷을 스케줄링 하는 패킷 누적공정 서비스(P_CFS)알고리즘의 특성과 성능을 분석하였다. 또한 성능평가를 통해 각 세션에게 긴 시간의 관점에서 세션의 가중치에 비례하는 서비스용량이 제공되는 것을 검증하였다.

• 정보처리학회논문지A
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• 제14A권7호
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• pp.451-456
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• 2007

이 논문에서는 컴퓨터 시스템을 이질적 서버들로 구성된 시스템으로 간주하고, 장기적 관점에서 응용들간의 공정성을 추구하는 누적적(累積的) 공정 스케줄링 방법을 제시한다. 기존의 단일 서버 환경에서 주로 사용되는 GPS(generalized processor sharing) 기반의 스케줄링 알고리즘들은 순간적 관점에서 서버의 용량을 분배한다. 그러나 이를 이질적 다중 서버 환경에 적용하는 경우, 스케줄링 순서에 의한 지연시간의 오차가 서버들을 거치면서 누적될 수 있고, 잉여용량이 순간적 관점에서만 배분되기 때문에 장기적 관점에서 불공정성 문제가 발생할 수 있다. 본 논문의 방법에서는 각 응용의 예약용량을 보장하면서 잉여용량의 적절한 배분을 통해 장기적 관점의 공정 서비스를 추구한다. 이를 위해, 각 응용이 이상적으로 진행되기 위해 받아야 할 공정한 서비스 용량을 주기적 관찰을 통해 동적으로 파악하여 참조용량 모델로 삼고, 스케줄러는 응용들이 이 참조용량 모델을 점진적으로 따르도록 한다. 또한 이 모델을 효율적으로 구현하기 위한 휴리스틱 알고리즘을 만들고 실험을 통해 이를 검토한다.

• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
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• 제46권12호
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• pp.72-81
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• 2009

본 논문에서는 미국 FCC에서 최근 소개한 수신기 중심적 간섭 메트릭 (receiver-centric Interference metric)인 간섭온도 (interference temperature (IT)) 기반의 간섭해석모델과 이에 기반을 둔 주파수 공유 기법을 검토 제안한다. 기존의 단일 cognitive radio (CR) 사용자 (혹은 부사용자, secondary user) 주파수 공유 방안을 실제 다수의 부사용자를 고려한 주파수 공유 방안으로 확장 제시한다. 또한 주사용자 (primary user)가 시간 축 상에 랜덤하게 발생 (ON/OFF)하는 실제 운용환경을 감안한 새로운 간섭온도 모델을 제시하고 이를 이용하여 CR 용량을 정량적으로 분석한다. CR 용량은 시간 축 상의 유휴 슬롯 채널 할당을 위한 순시용량과 순시용량을 평균한 평균용량으로 구분되며 공유절차상에 이를 적절히 이용 채널을 할당한다. 제안된 공유 절차는 기존의 공유 절차와는 달리 주사용자로 부터 별도의 스펙트럼 센싱 정보를 요구하지 않으며 전송속도 및 채널특성에 따라 적응적으로 주파수 파라미터의 변경이 가능하다. 시뮬레이션을 통해 제안한 주파수 공유 절차의 타당성을 검증한다.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.852-858
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• 2012

This paper describes evaluation results of the wind power penetration limit (WPPL) and the wind energy penetration (WEP) in the Mongolian central power system (MCPS). A wind power plant (WPP) in a power system possesses an output power limit because the power system must maintain a balance between the generation and consumption of electricity at all times in order to achieve an adequate level of quality. The instantaneous penetration limit (IPL) of wind generation at a load is determined as the minimum of the three technical constraints: the minimum output, the ramp rate capability, and the spinning reserve of the conventional generating units. In this paper, a WPPL is defined as the maximum IPL divided by the peak load. A maximal variation rate (VR) of wind power is a major factor in determining the IPL, WPPL, and WEP. This paper analyzes the effects of the maximal VR of wind power on the WPPL, WEP, and capacity factor (CF) in the MCPS. The results indicate that a small VR can facilitate a large amount of wind energy while maintaining a high CF with increased wind power penetration.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.345-365
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• 2003

The adoption of fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) rebars (whose behaviour is elastic-brittle) in reinforced concrete (RC) cross sections requires the assessment of the influence of time-dependent behaviour of concrete on the load-carrying capacity of these sections. This paper presents a method of computing the load-carrying capacity of sections that are at first submitted to a constant long-term service load and then overloaded up to ultimate load. The method solves first a non-linear visco-elastic problem, and then a non-linear instantaneous analysis up to ultimate load that takes into account the self-equilibrated stress distribution previously computed. This method is then adopted to perform a parametric analysis that shows that creep and shrinkage of concrete increase the load-carrying capacity of the cross section reinforced with FRP and allows for the suggestion of simple design rules.