• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2004년도 학술대회지
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• pp.33-38
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• 2004

This study was performed to know watertightness and reduction effect and crack occurred by hydration heat, restraint of multiplication of hydration heat, through mechanical test, strength test and crack control test using fluosilicate salt based inorganic compound made from by-product during phosphoric acid manufacturing process. Mix proportions for experiment were modulated at 0.45 of water to cement ratio and $0.5-2.0\%$ of adding ratio of fluosilicate salt based inorganic compound. Evaluation for watertightness of concrete was carried out permeability, absorption test and porosity analysis. Effect of crack reduction was evaluated by length, drying shrinkage as well as stress change of hardened concrete at unrestraint/restraint state and also elucidated crack pattern on the concrete surface. It is ascertained that characteristics of crack resistance and watertightness for concrete was improved by an adequate addition of fluosilicate salt based inorganic compound.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.57-64
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• 2006

콘크리트에 균열이 발생하면 구조물의 구조적인 결함, 내구성 저하, 외관손상 등을 유발하여 치명적인 손실을 초래하기 때문에 균열제어를 통한 내구성능의 증대가 필수적이다. 국내 콘크리트 구조물의 동향을 살펴보면 LCC개념에 비추어 구조물의 신축비용이 25%에 불과하고, 다양한 형태의 균열보수, 개수, 유지관리 및 폐기처분에 대한 비용이 75%를 차지함에 따라 구조물의 시공시 콘크리트의 균열발생과 시공 후 콘크리트 내 철근부식을 억제하는 기술이 요구된다고 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 1990년대 후반부터 인산(H3PO4) 및 불산(HF)을 제조하는 공정 중에 액상형태의 부산물로 회수되는 불화규산(H2SiF6)을 활용하여 안정한 액상형태로 제조되는 규불화염계 화합물에 의한 균열저감 특성과 내구성에 대한 검토를 수행한 결과, 규불화염계 무기 조성물의 첨가로 수밀성이 증진되어 치밀한 경화조직을 형성함으로써 경화 후 급격한 수분의 손실에 따른 경화수축이 억제되어 건조수축을 저감시키는 특성을 발휘하였다. 또한 수화온도 및 수축 저감에 의해 조기에 균열발생을 억제하고, 수밀성을 증진시킴으로써 중성화, 동결융해저항성 및 염소이온침투깊이에 있어서 무첨가 콘크리트에 비해 상당히 개선되는 효과를 확인하였다. 마지막으로, 콘크리트 변형이 크게 발생되는 복합열화 환경 하에서도 SWP-2에 의한 내구성 향상 효과가 확인되었다.

• 한국건설순환자원학회논문집
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.609-616
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• 2021

본 연구에서는 금속염계 무기물인 발수분말과 포졸란계 재료인 천연제올라이트 분말을 사용하여 시멘트 모르타르에 혼입하고 물리적 특성 및 수분에 대한 저항성을 확인하였다. 무기물 금속염계 발수분말을 단독으로 혼입한 시험체에 비해서 천연제올라이트를 동시에 사용한 시험체에서 수분침투실험 및 그에 수반하는 염화물 침투시험에서 높은 저항성을 갖는 것을 확인 할 수 있었다. 금속염계 발수분말을 사용하는 경우 불용성으로 인하여 수분침투저항성이 내부에서 고르게 분산되지 못하고 표면에 국한되었으며 천연제올라이트와 동시에 사용하는 경우 포졸란 반응으로 인해 수화초기의 응결시간이 빠르고 또한 천연제올라이트의 다공성 내부에 발수분말이 부착되어 내부에서도 수분저항성이 일부 생성된 것으로 판단된다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제22권9호
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• pp.1019-1022
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• 2001

Negatively charged functional organic molecules such as retinoic acid, ascorbic acid, indole acetic acid, citric acid, salicylic acid, acidic dye (indigo carmine, Food Blue 1) are intercalatively encapsulated by zinc basic salt (hydrozincite) and layered double hydroxide. Such functional organic-inorganic nanohybrids are realized via coprecipitation reaction involving simultaneous formation of layered inorganic lattice and intercalation of anionic species. The heterostructural nature of these nanohybrids, their particle morphology and textural characterizations are mainly discussed on the basis of Powder X-ray Diffraction and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy results.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.83-85
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• 1978

IDOD (Immediate Dissolved Oxygen Demand) is a value of the oxygen demand after 15 minute of inoculation by inorganic reducing salts. Industrial development and urban enlargement are bringing water pollution deeply, and industrial waste waters are the source of the inorganic reducing salts. Author investigated the IDOD value change according to the inorganic salts and gained the following results: 1. IDOD value influenced by $Na_{2}SO_3$ is 81.4 ppm. 2. Generally sulfur compounds are highly effecting on IDOD. 3. The nitrite salt had little influence on IDOD.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.17-32
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• 1983

The aboveground production, nutrient distribution and nutrient cyclings were compared between two Phragmites communis communities growing in the different salt contents of soil in a coastal salt marsh. Inorganic nutrient contents of soil for plant growth were greater at the low salt stand than at the high salt stand except for sodium(Na). Maximum aboveground biomass of the plant at the low and the high salt stands were 2,533 and 1,719 g dw/$m^2$, respectively, in August. Seasonal changes of nutrient content of biomass in dry weight decreased with growth except for Na. Nutrient contents in biomass per unit land area increased continuously as biomass increases, although the amount of potassium(K) reached the maximum content in July and thereafter decreased. Vertical distributions of total nitrogen(T-N) and phosphorus(P) increased with plant height, but Na showed the reverse trend. That of K was similar to the patterns for T-N and P in the leaves, and to the pattern of Na in the stems. The Na was greatly accumulated in underground biomass but transported scarcely to aboveground. At the low and the high salt stands, the ratios of the inorganic nutrients contained in the plant were 100 : 66 for T-N, 100 : 61 for P, 100 : 62 for K and 100 : 97 for Na. the ratios of the amounts of nutrients retrieved to soil were 100 : 242 for T-N, 100 : 408 for P, 100 : 127 for K and 100 : 269 for Na, respectively. Turnover times of the T-N, P, K and Na in the communities were 56, 1, 15 and 174 years at the low salt stand, and 75, 2, 24 and 323 years at the high salt stand, respectively. In nutrient cyclings, all of the nutrients retrieving to soil were less than uptake by plant. Among the nutrient, especially P is expected to be exhausted from soil, sooner or later, because of the harvest by men.

• 멤브레인
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.75-89
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• 2002

Polyethesulfone(PES) 상변환 막 제조 시 캐스팅 용액에의 무기염 첨가가 막의 구조 및 성능에 미치는 효과를 캐스팅 용액의 열역학적.속도론적 특성치로서 연구하였다. PES/NMP 캐스팅 용액에 첨가시킨 무기염의 종류[CaCl_2, LiCl, LiCl_4, ZnCl_2 $및 Mg(ClO_4)_2]$와 양을 달리하여 제조된 막의 몰폴로지와 막성능(순수 투과량 및 용질 배제도)을 캐스팅용액의 점도와 coagulation vague, 제막시간에 따른 광투과도 변화, 총괄 다공도와 순수 투과량, bovine serum albumin(BSA) 용액의 한외여과 실험 및 막단면의 SEM 사진 결과로서 설명하였다. 이 결과 모든 종류의 무기염에 대해 첨가량이 증가할수록 캐스팅 용액의 점도는 증가하고, coagulation value는 낮아져 열역학적 불안정성이 증가하며, 막 단면 상층부(top layer below skin surface)의 an게가 증가하였으며, BSA 배제도는 감소하고 순수 투과량은 CaC1$_2$ 및 LiCl 무기염을 제외하고는 점차 증가하였다. CaC1$_2$ 및 LiCl 무기염을 첨가한 경우는 첨가량이 증가함에 따라 macrovoid의 형성이 억제되었으며, 순간분리의 침강형식은 유지하나 침강 속도가 점차 느려졌다. 반면 LiCl_4$ 및 Mg(ClO_4)_2$무기염을 첨가한 경우는 침강속도가 점차 빨라졌다.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.63-69
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• 2007

The heat transfer characteristics of inorganic salt for high temperature heat storage material of solar power system were examined. The inorganic salts employed in this study was a mixture of $NaNO_3$ and $KNO_3$ and the operating temperature range was determined by measuring the melting temperature with DSC and by measuring the thermal decomposition temperature with TGA. The heat transfer characteristics was qualitatively obtained in terms of temperature profiles of salt in the tanks during the heat storage and heat release process as a function of steam flow rates, steam inlet temperature and the inlet position of steam. The effects of steam flow rates and inlet temperature of steam were experimentally determined and the effect of natural convection was observed due to significant density difference with temperature.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제54권1호
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• pp.135-139
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 무기염을 첨가한 액-액 추출에 의해 식물세포인 바이오매스로부터 파클리탁셀 회수 방법을 획기적으로 개선하고자 하였다. 다양한 무기염(NaCl, KCl, $K_2HPO_4$, $NaH_2PO_4$, $NaH_2PO_4{\cdot}2H_2O$)을 이용하여 추출효율을 조사한 결과, NaCl에서 가장 낮은 분배계수(0.053)로 가장 높은 파클리탁셀 수율(~96%)을 얻을 수 있었다. NaCl을 이용한 액-액 추출에서 최적의 NaCl/용매 비와 메틸렌 클로라이드/메탄올 비는 각각 1%(w/v)와 26%(v/v)이었다. 또한 최적의 NaCl/용매 비와 메틸렌 클로라이드/메탄올 비에서 파클리탁셀 함량에 따른 영향을 조사한 결과, 순수 파클리탁셀 함량 0.066%(w/v)에서 가장 낮은 분배계수(0.053)로 가장 높은 수율(~96%)을 얻을 수 있었다. 기존 액-액 추출의 경우 총 3회의 추출로 파클리탁셀을 95% 정도 회수 가능한 반면 무기염을 이용한 방법의 경우 단 1회 추출로 대부분의 파클리탁셀을 회수(~96%) 가능하였다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.686-695
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• 2016

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the quality characteristics of traditional and commercial soybean pastes (Doenjang) for development of traditional soybean pastes. Methods: Proximate compositions, amino acid nitrogen contents, pH, acidity, salt contents, chromaticity, viable bacteria and inorganic substance contents of nineteen traditional and three commercial Doenjang were investigated. Results: Analysis of proximate compositions indicated a significant difference between samples. In moisture content, D10 did not meet the standard of food codex. The contents of moisture, fat, protein and ash were slightly higher in traditional than commercial Doenjang. However, the carbohydrate content was 2-fold higher in commercial than traditional, and thus, the calories were also higher. The amino nitrogen content was lower in commercial than traditional Doenjang. pH, acidity and salt contents of Doenjang were pH 4.67-6.15, 1.53-3.29%, and 9.01-18.78%, respectively. pH and acidity showed no significant differences between traditional and commercial Doenjang, however, salt contents were significantly higher in traditional than commercial Doenjang. In case of chromaticity, the averages of L, a, b values were higher in traditional Doenjang. In microbiological analysis, total bacteria counts were higher in traditional than commercial Doenjang. The number of Bacillus cereus in D12 and D19 exceeded the standard of food codex. Staphylococcus aureust was undetected in all samples. The number of fungi varied widely between samples, with no detection in five traditional and all commercial Doenjang. Results of inorganic substance analysis indicated that contents of inorganic substances in Doenjang were in order of Na, K, Mg and Ca. Overall, Na content was higher in traditional Doenjang. Contents of inorganic substances showed wide variations in traditional Doenjang. Conclusion: For the development of traditional Doenjang, quality standardization and ensuring safety are considered necessary.