• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.95-111
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• 2023

Korea has achieved a high startup rate by promoting government-led startup policies for national economic and industrial development. However, as high as the startup rate is, the closure rate of startup companies can be judged to be insufficient for the qualitative growth of the domestic startup ecosystem. This study aims to investigate how to improve the survival rate of startups by overcoming the valley of death from a location environment perspective. It analyzes the effects of technology orientation and market orientation of start-ups on management performance and the moderating effects of economic, accessibility, and network factors that constitute the location environment. To achieve the research objectives, the empirical analysis was conducted on start-up companies that received corporate support projects from innovation intermediary organizations. The results show that R&D capability of technology orientation has a significant effect on management performance, and market information generation and market information response of market orientation have a significant effect on management performance. As for the moderating effect, accessibility, a sub-factor of the location environment, has a positive moderating effect on the relationship between technological innovation and managerial performance, and the location environment (economy, accessibility, and network) has a positive moderating effect on the relationship between market information generation and managerial performance. This study compared and analyzed previous studies on the success and failure of start-ups and identified common factors. In addition, this study provides policy implications for the sustainable growth of startups through empirical analysis and interview with stakeholders. For future research, it is necessary to compare and analyze start-ups in metropolitan areas and non-metropolitan areas. In addition, it is necessary to study startups that have moved out of the region and into the metropolitan area to find ways to develop the regional startup ecosystem.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.63-77
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• 2022

The importance of start-ups and venture companies in the Korean economy is growing. However, the successful growth of startups and venture companies are still challenging as 70% of startups fail within 5 years. A new perspective on innovation is essential to overcome the liability of newness and the liability of smallness in the existing market and obtain the competitive advantage. Recent phenomenon in the Korean startups ecosystem is the remarkable growth of unicorns and future unicorns. Their business models, types of business, and success cases serve as a good example. Neverthless, the process of unicorn and future unicorn startups making new industries and innovative business has poorly understood. In this paper, we first define 175 unicorns and future unicorn startups participating in the K-unicorn project as a unicorn group and analyze current trends of the group. Then the in-depth analyses of industry sectors are conducted. Specifically, focusing on the unicorn forming the new market, we examine the unicorn making the processes of industry category innovation through the business innovation model. Lastly, broadening the scope of the analysis to the unicorn group, policy implications in startups and venture ecosystem are suggested.

• 한국경영정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.349-355
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• 2007

최근, 맞춤의료서비스, 헬스와 웰빙의 복합서비스, RFID 기반의 공급망 관리 서비스와 같이 정보기술(IT), 바이오기술(BT), 나노기술(NT) 등이 융합된 혁신적인 서비스들이 출현하고 있다. 그러나 기존의 전통적인 접근방법으로는 새로이 출현하는 다양한 서비스에 대한 체계적인 접근이 불가능하다. 따라서 분석의 단위를 조직이나 정보 시스템 수준에서 서비스 수준으로 하향하는 것과 요소기술이 서비스로 변환되어 소비자에게 수용되는 전체과정을 동태적, 공학적으로 설계하는 접근이 절실히 요구된다. 본 연구의 목적은 신 기술의 출현, 성숙, 시장으로의 유입과 소비자에 수용되는 서비스 생명주기 전 과정을 통태적 관점에서 분석하는 틀을 제시하고 의료서비스에 특화 하여 서비스 공학적 관점에서 IT, BT, NT가 융합된 서비스를 설계하는 모델을 제시하는 것이다. 이를 위해 우선 서비스의 특성과 서비스 시스템 설계의 목표를 제시하고 동태적 혁신이론에 기반하여 서비스의 탄생부터 시장에서의 수용에 이르는 생명주기를 표현할 수 있는 모델을 개발한다. 이 모델의 시간 축을 분기하여 단계(Stage)들을 도출하고 각 단계에서 수행해야 할 활동들을 설계한다. 아울러 모델의 실제적 유용성을 입증하기 위하여 의료분야의 관련사례를 제시하고 조직의 서비스전략과 다변화 전략을 수립하기 위한 논리도 제시하였다. 본 연구의 동태적 공학모델은 IT 생태계 (IT Ecosystem) 하에서 조직 및 IT 요소들이 다양한 환경에서 어떻게 안정적이고 효율적인 메커니즘을 형성하고 진화해야 하는지를 잘 보여주고 있다.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.76-83
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• 2020

The fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0) will generate great benefits and big challenges in equal measure. Industry 4.0 has an impact on context, technology and business as long as it transforms design, production systems and products themselves. Industry 4.0 has also created many opportunities and challenges for startups to improve their business efficiency. The reality has shown that the industry 4.0 has begun to strong impacts of various levels on many areas of Vietnam's economy. In such context, it is necessary to implement sufficient and thorough research and evaluation of many issues of startups and innovation and to consider suitable solutions and effective ways to take advantages of opportunities that the Industry 4.0 brings to Vietnam. This paper proposes the solution for supporting and promoting to develope of innovative start-up enterprise in accordance with the conditions and circumstances of Vietnam in the context of Industry 4.0.

• Korean Management Science Review
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.85-101
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• 2017

Currently, the SW industry is the center of digital economy and it is very important industry in terms of market scale and ripple effect. Due to the suffering from poor working environment of the SW industry and the disproportion of manpower supply due to the lack of experienced SW manpower, it is hard to create jobs of high quality for the SW professionals who can be applied to various convergence industries. In this study, we try to analyze the benchmarking cases of successful foreign industrial innovative clusters in order to promote sustainable development direction of SW industry and to create high quality SW jobs. First, the comparison criteria are derived from the viewpoint of creation of high quality SW jobs through an analysis of SW environment by using expert FGI (Focus Group Interview) technique. The critical success factors (CSFs) are derived by comparing and analyzing each industrial cluster cases in terms of SW job creation. This article presents the desirable implications of the cluster of SW industry that can generate SW jobs continuously from the viewpoint of ecosystem environment infrastructure. Through this study, we propose a meaningful direction of SW clusters for job creation, and solve the business inconsistency and suggest ways to increase the sustainability of core competence manpower.

• Journal of Venture Innovation
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2019

Many research or consulting institute refered to Artificial Intelligence, Internet of Things, Blockchain technology and 3D Printing as key driving forces and technologies of 4th industrial revolution. Compared with traditional manufacturing as a subtractive manufacturing(SM), 3D printing technology as an additive manufacturing(AM) will revolutionary impacts on many industries. This study compared 3D printing with traditional manufacturing in the economic, manufacturing, and marketing perspectives. This study also analyzed issues of 3D printing for the purpose of building business ecosystem. Finally agenda for the further research were suggested.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.231-242
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• 2010

The emergence of convergence has been the cause of development of the industry more complex and difficult by continually changing business environment and the destruction of the business area. The government-initiatives approach shows the limits to foster the new industries in needs of service-oriented ecosystem. In this study, we propose the service model as service-based approach for the development of new industries derived through the convergence inter-industry. While business model is defined based on the company's temporary and piecemeal activities, service model is the concept of dynamic and continuous that includes national, industrial, corporate level. In order to derive the service model, to identify current problems and issues with the public and the private sector is first. Then design the roadmap for the implementation of the desired shape through strategy from optimal rationality and long-term strategy. In this study, we define a service model, and consider when establishing a service model for three dimensional(national, industrial, corporate level) through analyzed by 3Level Service Model. And we also consider characteristics of the service model and approach, present the case of 'New Transit Card Services in Seoul'.

• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.308-338
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• 2020

The entrepreneurial journey is not short of challenges, and about 90% + tech start-ups experience failure (Startup Genome, 2019). The magnitude of the challenges varies across the tech start-up lifecycle stages, namely emergence, stability, and growth. This opens the research question, do the profiles of a start-up and its co-founder impact start-up success or failure across its lifecycle stages? This study aims to understand and identify the profiles of tech start-ups and their co-founders. We gathered primary data from 151 start-ups (Status: 101 failed and 50 successful ones), and they are across different lifecycle stages and represent six major start-up hubs in India. The chi-square test on status and start-up's lifecycle stage indicates a noticeable correlation, and they are not independent. The Kruskal Wallis test was used to distinguish statistically significant profile attributes. The parameters distinguishing success and failure are identified, and the need to deliver customer experience is emphasized by the start-up profile attributes: Product/service, high-tech nature of a start-up, investor fund availed, co-founder experience, and employee count. The importance of entrepreneurial experience is ascertained with entrepreneur profile attributes: Entrepreneurial expertise, the number of prior and current start-ups, their willingness to start again in the event of failure, and age of co-founder, which is a proxy to learning and experience. This study has implications for entrepreneurs, investors, and policymakers.

• Journal of Smart Tourism
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.23-31
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• 2023

This paper explores the concept of enhanced smart tourism as a response to the challenges and opportunities arising in the post-pandemic tourism landscape. The COVID-19 pandemic has not only halted the global tourism industry but also prompted a reevaluation of its sustainability, technological integration, and impact on local communities. The need for a paradigm shift in tourism is emphasized, focusing on digitalization, innovation, and resilience. Enhanced smart tourism is characterized by a shift from traditional practices to innovative governance models, increased emphasis on sustainability, and the integration of technology for better management and visitor experiences. The paper discusses the four pillars of enhanced smart tourism - Technology, Sustainability, Accessibility/Mobility, and Innovation/Creativity, and their expansion in the post-pandemic era. Furthermore, the significant role of data in smart tourism is examined, highlighting the importance of data valuation, management, and ethics. The paper proposes frameworks and methods for data valuation and emphasizes the necessity of a comprehensive approach to data within the smart tourism ecosystem. The conclusion points to the need for further empirical and conceptual research to fully realize the potential of enhanced smart tourism.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.101-116
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• 2019

Technology-based start-up is important in that it encourages innovation, facilitates the development of new products and services, and contributes to job creation. Technology-based start-up activates entrepreneurship when appropriate support is provided within the ecosystem. Thus, understanding the technology-based start-up ecosystem is crucial. The purpose of this study is as follows. First, in Herrmann et al.'s(2015) study, we compare and analyze the ecosystem of each country by selecting representative regions such as Silicon Valley, Tel Aviv, London and Singapore which have the highest ranking in the start-up ecosystem. Second, we try to deeply understand the start-up ecosystem based on in-depth interviews with various stakeholders such as VC investors, start-ups, support organizations, and professors related to the Korean start-up ecosystem. Finally, based on the results of the study, we suggest development and activation of Korean technology-based start-up ecosystem. As a result, the Seoul start-up ecosystem showed a positive evaluation of government support compared to other advanced countries. In addition, it was confirmed that the ratio of tele-work and start-up company working experience of employees was higher than other countries. On the other hand, in Seoul, It was confirmed that overseas market performance, human resource diversity, attracting investment, hiring technological engineers, and the ratio of female entrepreneurs were lower than those of overseas advanced countries. In addition, according to the results of the interview analysis, Seoul was able to find that start-up ecosystems such as individual angel investors, accelerators, support institution, and media are developing thanks to the government's market-oriented policy support. However, in order for this development to continue, it is necessary to improve the continuous investment system, expansion of diversity, investment return system, and accessibility to the global market. A discussion on this issue is presented.