• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.52-59
• /
• 2014

Front impacted SUV vehicle shows that the front parts of side members are collapsed by the bending due to the transverse load exerted at the end of side members. Side member models were impacted with various angles in order to study the crash performance according to the impact angle. Even for the small impact angle of $10^{\circ}$, crash performance seriously deteriorated and the deformations for impact angle $15^{\circ}$ were similar to those from the front body impact analysis. In addition, the angled front impact analysis for the straight member with hat section was carried out and the effects of inner reinforcement shape on crash performance was investigated.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• v.45 no.1
• /
• pp.129-144
• /
• 2013

Load-carrying capacity of combined members consisted of inner and sleeved tubes subjected to axial compression was investigated in this paper. Considering the initial bending of the inner tube and perfect elasto-plasticity material model, structural behavior of the sleeved member was analyzed by theoretic deduction, which could be divided into three states: the elastic inner tube contacts the outer sleeved tube, only the inner tube becomes plastic and both the inner and outer sleeved tubes become plastic. Curves between axial compressive loads and lateral displacements of the middle sections of the inner tubes were obtained. Then four sleeved members were analyzed through FEM, and the numerical results were consistent with the theoretic formulas. Finally, experiments of full-scale sleeved members were performed. The results obtained from the theoretical analysis were verified against experimental results. The compressive load-lateral displacement curves from the theoretical analysis and the tests are similar and well indicate the point when the inner tube contacts the sleeved tube. Load-carrying capacity of the inner tube can be improved due to the sleeved tube. This paper provides theoretical basis for application of the sleeved members in reinforcement engineering.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
• /
• 2022.11a
• /
• pp.151-152
• /
• 2022

When reinforcing an existing building with the Concrete Filled Tube(CFT) structure, it is impossible to form a diaphragm inside with the existing method. Therefore, in this study, a construction method was proposed so that the internal diaphragm could be welded on four sides by using a slot to transmit force.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
• /
• 2022.11a
• /
• pp.153-154
• /
• 2022

When reinforcing an existing building with the Concrete Filled Tube(CFT) structure, it is impossible to form a diaphragm inside with the existing method. Therefore, in this study, a construction method was proposed so that the force could be transmitted using the friction force between the diaphragm and the concrete using a double diaphragm.

• 한국터널공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2005.04a
• /
• pp.270-281
• /
• 2005

An especial attention for old tunnel safety is required on increasing of The various tunnel recently. Specially, the lining investigation method of the old tunnel will be able to presume condition of concrete lining indirectly. Because it is many restriction thought of environment and ground condition investigation method of tunnel lining rear. This study carried out section & convergence measurement of part which was deformed in tunnel lining. It had been observed for the change of tunnel behavior with a continuous measurement. It has been analyzed for a cause of tunnel deformation and inspected for the effect after a repair-reinforcement to tunnel compared with the effect before those by structure analysis. By establishing automatic measurement system after repair-reinforcement to tunnel, it would be accomplished to convergence measurement continually. As a result, it was observed that deflection and deformation of tunnel was convergent. but it should be followed to a continuous maintenance because of unstable ground condition, cause of inner tunnel, environment. The railroad tunnel which was executed a reinforcement of the tunnel lining must investigate the close condition of reinforcement lining and concrete lining.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.33-40
• /
• 1988

The new technique has been used to determine the soil-reinforcement interaction. The testing apparatus is essentially a triaxial cell fitted with the capability to house a hollow cylinderical sample. A hollow cylinderical sand specimen with a concentrical layer of reinfarcing material sandwitched in the middle is used in this investigation. The reinforcement is fastened at the base. The hollow specimen can be viewed as a "unit sheet" of a soil-reinforcement composite system of infinite horizontal extent. Axial load as well as inner and outer chamber pressures can be applied to perform a test. The specimen is first subjected to an isotropic stress state corresponding to the overburden pressure. Next, an extension test by reducing the axial load is carried out. The specimen is "loaded" to failure by either the breakage of reinforcing material (tensile failure) or slippage which takes place at the soil-reinforcement interface (i.e. the overcoming of the bonding capacity). Since the reinforcement is fastened at its lower end to the base, any tendency of relative movement between the reinforcement and the sand during an extension test can induce tensile force in the reinforcement thus forming a "reversed pull-out" test condition. Preliminary test results have demonstrated positively of the new approach to test the soil-reinforcement interaction. Reinforcing elements of different extensibility were used to study the deformbility of reinforced soil. Furthermore, both the breakage and the pull-out modes of failure were observed.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
• /
• v.38 no.7
• /
• pp.49-62
• /
• 2022

The hollow modular concrete block reinforced foundation method is one of the ground reinforcement foundation methods that uses hexagonal honeycomb-shaped concrete blocks with mixed crushed rock to reinforce soft grounds. It then forms an artificial layered ground that increases bearing capacity and reduces settlement. The hollow modular honeycomb-shaped concrete block is a geometrically economical, stable structure that distributes forces in a balanced way. However, the behavioral characteristics of hollow modular concrete block reinforced foundations are not yet fully understood. In this study, a bearing capacity test is performed to analyze the reinforcement effectiveness of the hollow modular concrete block through the laboratory model tests. From the load-settlement curve, punching shear failure occurs under the unfilled sand condition (A-1-N). However, the filled sand condition (A-1-F) shows a linear curve without yielding, confirming the reinforcement effect is three times higher than that of unreinforced ground. The bearing capacity equation is proposed for the parts that have contact pressure under concrete, vertical stress of hollow blocks, and the inner skin friction force from horizontal stress by confining effect based on the schematic diagram of confining effect inside a hollow modular concrete block. As a result of calculating the bearing capacity, the percentage of load distribution for contact force on the area of concrete is about 65%, vertical force on the area of hollow is 16.5% and inner skin friction force of area of the inner wall is about 18.5%. When the surcharge load is applied to the concrete part, the vertical stress occurs on the area of the hollow part by confining effect first. Then, in the filled sand in the hollow where the horizontal direction is constrained, the inner skin friction force occurs by the horizontal stress on the inner wall of the hollow modular concrete block. The inner skin friction force suppresses the punching of the concrete part and reduces contact pressure.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
• /
• 2008.11a
• /
• pp.548-553
• /
• 2008

Low Floor buses have no steps to get on or get off the main cabin to provide the old and the handicapped with easy access. The car body for the low floor bus was designed to consider Korean physical standard, passenger capacity (standee, seated, handicapped), arrangement of vehicle components, and bus law or regulations. It was designed as an one body, without any reinforcement armature, which has light-weight sandwich constructions with glass epoxy skins, aluminum honeycomb cores and inner-frames. In this paper, torsion rigidity of the designed car body was evaluated and compared with that of a car body with reinforcement armatures in the cabin. Finite element method verified that the designed car body without reinforcement armatures could satisfy requirements of torsion rigidity.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
• /
• v.24 no.11
• /
• pp.2866-2874
• /
• 2000

This paper is concerned with the optimum design for external reinforcement of a nuclear reactor pressure vessel(RPV) in a severe accident. During the severe reactor accident of molten core, the temperature and the pressure in the nuclear reactor rise to a certain level depending on the initial and subsequent condition of a severs accident. The reis of the temperature and the internal pressure cause deterioration of the load carrying capacity and could cause failure of the RPV lower head. The deterioration of failure can be mitigated by the external cooling or the reinforcement of the lower head with additional structures. While the external cooling forces the temperature of an RPV to drop to the desired level, the reinforcement of the lower head can attain both the increase of the load carrying capacity and the temperature drop. The reinforcement of the lower head can be optimized to have the maximum effect on the collapse pressure and the temperature at the inner wall. Optimization results are compared to both the result without the reinforcement and the result with the designated reinforcement.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
• /
• 1998.06a
• /
• pp.95-101
• /
• 1998

The steel door inner was manufactured via a new route, tailored blanking process, to remove hinge reinforcement parts, using thicker panels laser welded, instead. It is very important, first of all, in this process, to design optimum configuration of tailored blanks and determine the optimum process control for the stamping. Generally, it was found that the severe deformation reduction behavior during stamping in the thinner panel around weld line caused cracks and the other troubles in formability. It is our purpose of this investigation to introduce how the process control parameters, such as tailored blank configuration, size, location in the die, the position of weld line, BHF, bead configuration, work on the formability. In addition, causes of cracks and movement of weld line after forming were analyzed and compared with computer simulation work.