• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers Conference
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.495-499
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• 2000

Auditory system is separated to Outer Ear, Middle Ear and Inner Ear, Middle Ear plays an important role as the sound transfer on amplitude. With analysing of Middle Ear, we can understand disease and compare unformal auditory systems. However, the investigation of mechanical modeling and analysis have been reported in a few paper. In this paper, a three dimensional Eardrum model of human ear was developed and analysed applying the general purpose Finite-Element program (Nastran). Vibration patterns of the eardrum obtained from FEM analysis are in agreements with the experimental results using stroboscope.

• BMB Reports
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• v.50 no.10
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• pp.487-495
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• 2017

Mammalian inner ear comprises of six sensory organs; cochlea, utricle, saccule, and three semicircular canals. The cochlea contains sensory epithelium known as the organ of Corti which senses sound through mechanosensory hair cells. Mammalian inner ear undergoes series of morphogenesis during development beginning thickening of ectoderm nearby hindbrain. These events require tight regulation of multiple signaling cascades including FGF, Wnt, Notch and Bmp signaling. In this review, we will discuss the role of newly emerging signaling, FGF signaling, for its roles required for cochlear development.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.678-684
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• 2018

In order to broaden the indication of middle ear implant, research has been actively conducted on the reverse output method that stimulates the round window. However, it is very difficult to transmit the vibration output effectively because the indivisual anatomical difference of the round window niche is very large and also the visual field is not secured even by a skilled otolaryngologic surgeon. In this paper, we propose a new reverse stimulation method of middle ear implants that transmits energy to the inner ear by using air as a medium. This can compensate for the disadvantages of the conventional method of transmitting vibration energy and minimizes the energy transfer efficiency interference due to the combination of the excitation point and the output device. It was shown that forward and backward transfer characteristics were obtained by cadaveric experiments, and it was shown that it can overcome the acoustical impedance of high round window and transmit energy to inner ear. The receiver, which is the output device of the conventional hearing aids, can generate a constant volume velocity, so it can have a high output at a limited volume, such as a round window niche. So, suggested method can overcome the high acoustical impedance of the round window and deliver acoustic energy to the inner ear.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.73-79
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• 2019

This study simulated external ear canal modeling with different external ear canal lengths, vertical flexion angles, and inner/outer diameter ratios using digital imaging and communications in medicine(DICOM) of the head temporal region and measured the acoustic sensitivity. The experiment was performed by increasing the audible frequency for humans by 200 Hz and expressing the frequency constantly transmitted at 1 Pa as the eardrum acoustic volume and presented the measurements by linear and quadratic curve regression analysis. The results showed that the longer the external ear canal length and the higher the ratio of the outer/inner diameter, the faster the acoustic response at lower frequencies. The acoustic sensitivity correlation of the meta-model using regression analysis showed a 77% influence by the external ear canal length and 5% by the external/internal diameter ratio, while the vertical flexion angle did not show a significant relationship. This showed that auditory acoustic sensitivity of humans is a factor that reacts faster at a low frequency when the external ear canal length is longer and when the difference between the outer and inner diameter is higher.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.63-71
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• 2010

The spontaneous mutant circling mouse (cir/cir) shows a circling behavior and hearing loss. We produced transgenic mice overexpressing transmembrane inner ear (tmie) gene, the causative gene, for the phenotypic rescue of the circling mouse. Through the continuous breeding with circling mice, the cir/cir homozygous mice carrying the transgene (cir/cir-tg) were produced. The rescued cir/cir-tg mice were able to swim in the water with proper orientation and did not show any circling behavior like wild type mice. Western blot and immunohistochemical analysis exhibited that the transgenic tmie was expressed in the inner ear. Inner and outer hair cells were recovered in the cochlea and spiral ganglion neurons were also recovered in the rescued mice. Auditory brainstem response (ABR) test demonstrated that the cir/cir-tg mice are able to respond to sound. This study demonstrates that tmie transgene can recover the hearing impairment and abnormal behavior in the circling mouse.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.93-98
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• 2005

Vertigo occurs when there is conflict between the signals sent to the brain by various balance- and position-sensing systems of the body. Injury to or diseases of the inner ear can send false signals to the brain indicating that the balance mechanism of the inner ear (labyrinth) detects motion. Inner ear disorders, such as benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), Meniere's disease, vestibular neuronitis, or labyrinthitis. Vestibular neuronitis is an inflammation of the vestibular nerve, which is located in your inner ear. In this case, She has vertigo occured suddenly and continued even when the person lies completely still. It may be accompanied by nausea and vomiting. She has taken herbal medication and treated by acupunture. Her symptoms become disappeared after 3 days and All most symptoms were disappeard. In conclusion, It is required to classify vestibulopathy into vestibular neuronitis or labyrinthitis. In this case we diagnosed her case as vestibular neuronitis. Her symptoms of vestibulopathy recovered fast by Korean traditional medical therapy.

• Journal of Audiology & Otology
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.198-203
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• 2020

Background and Objectives: We sought to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic value of measurable parameters of internal auditory canal (IAC) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL). Subjects and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the patients with ISSNHL who underwent IAC MRI from January 2008 to March 2019. Measurable parameters of IAC MRI, such as the diameter of the IAC, bony cochlear nerve canal, and cross-sectional area of the cochlear nerve, were measured by a single examiner. These parameters were then compared between the affected and healthy sides. Inner-ear abnormalities such as intralabyrinthine hemorrhage or labyrinthitis were also evaluated. The relationship between the surveyed parameters and the diagnosis of ISSNHL was assessed. Results: A total of 208 patients with ISSNHL were included. The measured parameters of IAC MRI were not different between the affected and healthy sides and were also not associated with the diagnosis of ISSNHL. However, inner-ear abnormalities of IAC MRI in ISSNHL displayed a significant association with worse hearing before and after treatment. An age that was older than 40 years also correlated with poorer outcomes. Further, inner-ear abnormalities were more frequently detected when IAC MRI was performed early after ISSNHL onset. Conclusions: Patients with ISSNHL and inner ear abnormalities such as intralabyrinthine hemorrhage or labyrinthitis identified via IAC MRI may experience poorer hearing outcomes. To detect such abnormal findings, it is recommended to perform IAC MRI early after the onset of ISSNHL.

• Korean Journal of Audiology
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.198-203
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• 2020

Background and Objectives: We sought to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic value of measurable parameters of internal auditory canal (IAC) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL). Subjects and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the patients with ISSNHL who underwent IAC MRI from January 2008 to March 2019. Measurable parameters of IAC MRI, such as the diameter of the IAC, bony cochlear nerve canal, and cross-sectional area of the cochlear nerve, were measured by a single examiner. These parameters were then compared between the affected and healthy sides. Inner-ear abnormalities such as intralabyrinthine hemorrhage or labyrinthitis were also evaluated. The relationship between the surveyed parameters and the diagnosis of ISSNHL was assessed. Results: A total of 208 patients with ISSNHL were included. The measured parameters of IAC MRI were not different between the affected and healthy sides and were also not associated with the diagnosis of ISSNHL. However, inner-ear abnormalities of IAC MRI in ISSNHL displayed a significant association with worse hearing before and after treatment. An age that was older than 40 years also correlated with poorer outcomes. Further, inner-ear abnormalities were more frequently detected when IAC MRI was performed early after ISSNHL onset. Conclusions: Patients with ISSNHL and inner ear abnormalities such as intralabyrinthine hemorrhage or labyrinthitis identified via IAC MRI may experience poorer hearing outcomes. To detect such abnormal findings, it is recommended to perform IAC MRI early after the onset of ISSNHL.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1996.07b
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• pp.1333-1335
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• 1996

Otoacoustic emissions(OAEs) are low-level sounds produced by the inner ear. This is based on the discovery that the cochlea in the normal human inner ear itself emits in the form of acoustic energy. Thus we transmit the stimulus to the ear through speaker then measure the evoked response using miniature microphone. Otoacoustic emissions are averaged by time-locking so that distinguish the spectrum between normal human and impaired.

• Proceedings of the KSAR Conference
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• 2004.06a
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• pp.226-226
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• 2004

Circling (cir) mouse is a spontaneous mutant in the inner ear that was first reported in Korea. The mutation is transmitted by an autosomal recessive gene with 100 %- penetrance.. Homozygous mice are characterized by head-tossing, bi-directional circling behavior and deafness. Histologicalexamination of the inner ear reveals abnormalities of the region around the organ of Corti, spiral ganglion neurons, and outer hair cells. (omitted)