• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.152-163
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• 2000

This study intends to analyze the sex role stereotype that could be effective variable for conduction clothing behavior and clothing image preference, to find out the relationship between sex role stereotype and out/inner wear clothing behavior and clothing image preference of women, and to provide useful information for establishing marketing strategies of out/inner wear market. A total of 628 samples were selected from adult female in Seoul. Questionnaire was used as major method of gathering data. They were analyzed by SAS package. Main result of this study were follows: 1. In the relationship between clothing behavior and clothing image preference and demographic variables, four clothing-behaviores of out wear, and comfort and aesthetics of inner wear showed significant differences according to all of the demographic variables. 2. In the relationship between sex role stereotype and clothing behavior and clothing image preference, four types of sex role stereotype were showed significant differences in comfort, modesty, aesthetics and masculine-feminine image of out wear, and masculine-feminine image of inner wear. 3. In the consistency between out wear clothing behavior and clothing image preference, and inner wear clothing behavior and clothing image preference according to sex role stereotype, all cases except one showed no significant consistency.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.63-71
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• 2010

The spontaneous mutant circling mouse (cir/cir) shows a circling behavior and hearing loss. We produced transgenic mice overexpressing transmembrane inner ear (tmie) gene, the causative gene, for the phenotypic rescue of the circling mouse. Through the continuous breeding with circling mice, the cir/cir homozygous mice carrying the transgene (cir/cir-tg) were produced. The rescued cir/cir-tg mice were able to swim in the water with proper orientation and did not show any circling behavior like wild type mice. Western blot and immunohistochemical analysis exhibited that the transgenic tmie was expressed in the inner ear. Inner and outer hair cells were recovered in the cochlea and spiral ganglion neurons were also recovered in the rescued mice. Auditory brainstem response (ABR) test demonstrated that the cir/cir-tg mice are able to respond to sound. This study demonstrates that tmie transgene can recover the hearing impairment and abnormal behavior in the circling mouse.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.431-445
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• 2022

A double-skinned composite tubular (DSCT) column, which is an internally confined concrete-filled tubular column with a hollow section, has been developed for efficient use of materials that reduce self-weight and enhance seismic performance. It exhibits excellent material behavior with ductility owing to the confinement induced by outer and inner steel tubes. This study conducted axial compression tests considering the effects of steel tube thickness and hollow diameter ratios of DSCT columns on the material behavior of confined concrete under pure axial compression on concrete cores. From the axial compression tests, various combinations of outer and inner tube thicknesses and two different hollow section ratios were considered. Additionally, confined concrete material behavior, axial strength, failure modes, and ductility of DSCT columns were evaluated. Based on this study, it was concluded that the tests show a good correlation with peak strength and shapes of nonlinear stress-strain curves presented in literature; however, the thinner outer and inner steel tubes may reduce the ductility of DSCT columns when using thinner outer and inner tubes and higher confined stress levels. Finally, the minimum thickness requirements of the steel tubes for DSCT columns were discussed in terms of strength and ductility of test specimens.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.1093-1101
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• 2010

In this study, the indirect correlation of degradation characteristic and flow behavior in the de-NOx catalyst is investigated experimentally. The inner flow behavior in the de-NOx catalyst is varied from turbulent flow to laminar flow and the degradation of the de-NOx catalyst is remarkably affected by the inner flow. The degradation of the catalyst is increased in the upstream region near the inlet because injected turbulent flow enhances the adhesion of ash particle on the catalyst surface. The degradation of the catalyst near the inlet also governs the overall efficiency of the catalyst. The amount of adhered ash particles on the catalyst surface decreases as they progress downstream. This is due to the inner flow transition from turbulent flow to laminar flow.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.30 no.6 s.249
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• pp.653-661
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• 2006

Metallic sandwich plates with various inner cores have important new features with not only ultra-light material characteristics and load bearing function but also multifunctional characteristics. Because of production possibility on the large scale and a good geometric precision, sandwich plates with inner dimpled shell structure from a single material have advantages as compared with other solid sandwich plates. Inner dimpled shell structures can be fabricated with press or roll forming process, and then bonded with two face sheets by multi-point resistance welding or adhesive bonding. Elasto-plastic bending behavior of sandwich plates have been predicted analytically and measured. The measurements have shown that elastic perfectly plastic approximation can be conveniently employed with less than 10% error in elastic stiffness, collapse load, and energy absorption. The dominant collapse modes are face buckling and bonding failure after yielding. Sandwich plates with inner dimpled shell structure can absorb more energy than other types of sandwich plates during the bending behavior.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.14 no.8 s.80
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• pp.718-724
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• 2005

An efficient finite element method has been introduced for analysis of metallic sandwich plates subject to bending moment. A full model 3-point bending FE-analysis shows that the plastic behavior of inner structures appears only at the load point. The unit structures of sandwich plates are defined to numerically calculate the bending stiffness and strength utilizing the recurrent boundary condition for pure bending analysis. The equivalent models with the same bending stiffness and strength of full models are then designed analytically. It is demonstrated that the results of both models are almost the same and the FE-analysis method incorporating the equivalent models can reduce the computation time effectively. The dominant collapse modes are face buckling and face yielding. Since the inner dimpled structures prevent face buckling, sandwich plates with inner dimpled shell structure can absorb more energy than other types of sandwich plates during the bending behavior.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.517-525
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• 2020

The long-term stability of rock engineering is significantly affected by the time-dependent deformation behavior of rock, which is an important mechanical property of rock for engineering design. Although the hard rocks show small creep deformation, it cannot be ignored under high-stress condition during deep excavation. The inner mechanism of creep is complicated, therefore, it is necessary to investigate the relationship between microscopic creep mechanism and the macro creep behavior of rock. Microscopic numerical modeling of sandstone creep was performed in the investigation. A numerical sandstone sample was generated and Parallel Bond contact and Burger's contact model were assigned to the contacts between particles in DEM simulation. Sensitivity analysis of the microscopic creep parameters was conducted to explore how microscopic parameters affect the macroscopic creep deformation. The results show that the microscopic creep parameters have linear correlations with the corresponding macroscopic creep parameters, whereas the friction coefficient shows power function with peak strength and Young's modulus, respectively. Moreover, the microscopic parameters were calibrated. The creep modeling curve is in good agreement with the verification test result. Finally, the creep curves under one-step loading and multi-step loading were compared. This investigation can act as a helpful reference for modeling rock creep behavior from a microscopic mechanism perspective.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.319-323
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• 2012

In order to predict the internal void closing behavior in open die forging process, multiple scale modeling has been developed and applied. The huge size difference between ingot and inner void makes it almost impossible to simultaneously model the actual loading conditions and the void shape. Multiple scale modeling is designed to integrate macro- and micro- models effectively and efficiently. The void closing behavior was simulated at 39 different locations in a large ingot during upsetting and cogging. The correlation between the closing behavior and variables such as effective plastic strain and maximum compressive strain was studied in order to find an efficient measure for predicting the soundness of the forging.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.21
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• pp.62-68
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• 1999

Researching behavior of users in public library is very important processing and their activities can be judged with the regard of required inner spaces and related those functions. The subject of this study is to examine the organization of inner spaces in public library and to propose the prototype of space composition in public library on the future. Not only the relation of space program of each library but also the network among public libraries are not connected efficiently. That's why the public library is not used as local cultural place. Usually, the organization of inner spaces has not been recognized and approached satisfactorily. As the result of the above researching, the function of the culture facilities should be connected to the open study-room which now using just for study. It will make users to recognize and approach public library easily.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.10 no.4 s.37
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• pp.741-748
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• 1998

Experimental studies were carried out with test parameters: diaphragm yield type and beam yield type, the opening hole size of inner steel diaphragm, and the existence of slab in order to understand the behavior of beam-to-concrete filled steel tube column rigid connections under cyclic loading condition. Test results show that the connections have good rotational capacity when the beam yields first and the joints should be designed such that the beam yields prior to the inner diaphragms.