• 한국포장학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.211-215
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• 2022

Air distribution occupies an important position in the smart unit load container design process for agricultural products. Inner air may be uncomfortable because of its temperature, speed, direction, and volume flow rate. It doesn't matter how efficient the ventilation equipment is if the air is not distributed well. The main aim of this study was to design the inlet and outlet fan locations of smart unit load container for agricultural products. A numerical study was performed on the effects of the location of inlet air and outlet air in relation to the container cooling sources on air distribution and thermal comfort. A concept of combining inner container cooling sources with the exhaust outlet was employed in this investigation. Also, in this research, the developed CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) models were thoroughly validated. This system was adopted for use in container spaces, where the exhaust outlet was located. In this study, the location of the inlet was derived through CFD for a container with a size of 1,100×1,100×1,700 mm, and it was derived that the inlet was located at the center of the lower part of the container for efficient air flow. It was efficient to position the outlet through the air inlet in the center of the lower part of the container at the top of the same side.

• 한국연소학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.95-103
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• 1999

Experimental study on combustion characteristics of a regenerative combustor has performed. High-temperature air combustion in the regenerative combustor is obtained through heat recovery from exhaust gas flow by porous ceramic materials and through alternation of air flow direction through the combustor. Temperature field, CO and NOx emission with respect to the frequency of alternation are measured. It is found that at initial stage of the alternation, temperature of inlet section of main combustion chamber is increased sharply since both high temperature air preheated by the ceramics and prompt fuel injection results in rapid combustion. Following this initial stage, combustion temperature is reduced as the preheated air temperature is reduced. However peak temperature in the chamber and exhaust gas temperature are decreased as the alternation period is reduced, increased temperature of ceramic is observed. CO and NOx emission with respect to the alternation period is also examined. It is found that there exists a range of optimum alternating period for CO and NOx emission characteristics.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.193-200
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• 2010

Anode off-gas of high temperature fuel cell still contains combustible components such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon. In this study, a catalytic combustor has been applied to the high temperature fuel cell so that the combustion of anode-off gas can be boosted up. Since the performance of catalytic combustor directly depends on the combustion catalyst, this study is designed to perform the experimental investigation on the combustion characteristics of the three commercial catalysts with a different composition. Screening tests with three catalysts are preceded before the performance examination since it is necessary to determine the most suitable catalyst for design configuration of the catalytic combustor. The performance analysis shows that methane conversion rate strongly depends on gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) as well as inlet gas temperature. Additionally, the GSHV optimization results show that the optimum GHSV will be in the range between 18,000 $hr^{-1}$ and 36,000 $hr^{-1}$. It is also shown that the minimum inlet temperature of catalytic reaction of methane is from $100^{\circ}C$ to $150^{\circ}C$.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.44-49
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• 2009

Steam reforming of methane in the high temperature solar chemical reactor bas advantage in its heating method. Using concentrated solar energy as a heating source of the reforming reaction can reduce the $CO_2$ emission by 20% compared to hydrocarbon fuel. In this paper, the simulation result of methane-steam reforming on a high temperature solar chemical reactor(SCR) using Fluent 6.3.26 is presented. The high temperature SCR is designed for the Inha Dish-1, a Dish type solar concentrator installed in Songdo city. Basic SCR performance factors are referred to the former researches of the same laboratory. Inside the SCR porous metal is used for a receiver/reactor. The porous metal is carved like a dome shape on the incident side to increase the heat transfer. Also, ring-disc set of baffle is inserted in the porous metal region to increase the path length. Numerical and physical models are also used from the former researches. Methane and steam is mixed with the same mole fraction and injected into the SCR. The simulation is performed for a various inlet mass flow rate of the methane-steam mixture gas. The result shows that the average reactor temperature and the conversion rate change appreciably by the inlet mass flow rate of 0.0005 kg/s.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.15-20
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• 2018

본 논문은 자동차 열전발전용 열교환기에서 배기가스의 유량과 온도 변화에 따른 발열량 특성을 수치적으로 연구하였다. 자동차 열전발전용 열교환기는 내부에 핀을 설치하여 자동차 배기가스에서 나오는 열에너지를 열전소자로 최대 값을 전달할 수 있도록 하였으며, 상용 프로그램인 CAD를 이용하여 설계하였다. 그리고 배기가스의 유량과 온도 변화에 따른 열교환기 발열량 특성을 분석하기 위하여 상용 프로그램인 ANSYS CFX v17.0을 이용하여 배기가스 유량은 0.01, 0.02, 0.03 kg/s로 변화시키고, 배기가스 온도는 400, 450, 500, 550, $600^{\circ}C$로 변화시켜 수치해석 하였다. 결론적으로 열교환기의 입구 측과 출구 측 배기가스 압력 차는 배기가스의 유량에 따라 결정된다. 배기가스 유량이 증가하면 열교환기 입구 측과 출구 측 압력차는 증가하지만, 열교환기 입구 측과 출구 측 배기가스 압력차는 배기가스 온도에 따라 변하지 않는다. 따라서 열교환기 표면 온도를 최대 값으로 얻기 위해서는 배기가스 유량은 낮추고, 배기가스 온도는 높여야 한다는 결론을 도출하였다.

• 태양에너지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.77-90
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• 1995

본 연구는 용융점 온도가 $0^{\circ}C$인 순수 물이 수직원통형 빙축열조 내에 각각 형상비(H/R)가 4와 2인 형태로 채워져 있을 경우 수직원관 내로 유입되는 작동유체의 온도를 $-10^{\circ}C$, 유량을 10 liter/min로 고정시킨 후 유동방향을 상향과 하향으로 변화시켰을 경우 시간경과에 따라 나타나는 물의 응고형상, 수직원통의 온도분포, 수직원관의 온도분포, 축열량에 대한 열전달현상을 실험적으로 규명한 것이다. 축열조내 물의 온도분포는 초기온도가 $7^{\circ}C$인 경우 냉각과정중 축열조내 상부가 하부보다 높고 시간경과 후 물의 최대밀도점인 $4^{\circ}C$ 이하에서는 축열조 하부가 상부보다 높으며, 초기온도가 $4^{\circ}C$와 $1^{\circ}C$인 경우는 물의 밀도값이 최대점인 $4^{\circ}C$ 이하이므로 실험시작 초기부터 하부가 상부보다 온도분포가 높게 나타났다. 응고과정 시에는 동일한 초기온도 하에서 작동유체의 유동방향이 상향일 경우가 하향일 경우보다 축열조내 자연대류 유동이 활발하여 액상의 평균온도는 빠르게 강하되고 수직원관 외벽면의 상 하부 온도차이도 적으며, 응고형상은 축열조내 물의 초기온도가 $7^{\circ}C$와 $4^{\circ}C$ 일 때 상 하부에서 고르게 진전된다. 축열조내 물의 초기온도가 $1^{\circ}C$인 경우는 전도열전달의 영향이 지배적이므로 응고층의 생성은 작동유체 유동방향으로 형성되어진다. 축열량은 형상비에 관계없이 초기온도가 높을수록 크게 나타났으며, 동일한 초기온도 하에서도 작동유체의 유동방향이 상향으로 유입될 경우가 하향에 유입되는 경우보다 시간경과 후 크게 나타났다.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2000년도 춘계학술대회논문집A
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• pp.821-825
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• 2000

Drawing is one of the oldest metal forming operations and has major industrial significance. This process allows excellent surface finishes and closely controlled dimensions to be obtained in long products that have constant cross sections. In drawing of the high carbon steel wire, exit speeds of several hundreds meters per minute are very common. Drawing is usually conducted at room temperature using a number of passes or reductions through consequently located dies. In multi-stage drawing process like this, temperature rise in each pass affects the mechanical properties of final product such as bend, twist and tensile strength. In this paper, therefore, to estimate the wire temperature in multi-stage wire drawing process, wire temperature prediction method was mathematically proposed. Using this method, temperature rise at deformation zone as well as temperature drop between die exit and the next die inlet were calculated.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.463-470
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• 1985

본 논문에서는 가열관을 이용한 실험과 고온표면위에 놓인 물방울의 증발실험 을 통하여 재수착온도에 미치는 영향인자들을 분석하였으며, 이러한 분석결과를 토대 로 재수착온도상관식을 제시하였다.

• 한국생산제조학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.903-909
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• 2012

This study analyzed the temperature distribution in DPF with five partitioned electric heaters. The temperature distribution in DPF is an important design factor for regeneration and durability of filter. The design Factors that influence the temperature distribution in DPF there are several. In this study, the characteristics of temperature distribution in DPF were analyzed according to the following changes. First, the thermal conductivity of the filter was analyzed about effect on the durability of the filter. Second, the length from exhaust manifold to inlet of DPF was analyzed about effect on the temperature distribution in DPF. The boundary conditions of analysis has been verified with comparison to the results of existing experimental study and the numerical analysis. Based on the identified boundary condition, on assuming the condition of the actual driving, the temperature distribution in DPF was analyzed according to material properties of filter and the position of DPF.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.137-143
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• 2002

Temperature and humidity are the most important factors and should be effectively controlled for the cold storage of graius. Fuzzy logic can be easily implemented to the MIMO(Multi-Input Multi-Output) control systems. For the cold storage in grain bin, fuzzy logic was applied to an air conditioning system. The capacities of the grain bin and the air conditioner are 80 tons and 30㎾, respectively. Also, the target values of temperature and relative humidity in outlet duct of the air conditioner were 8$\^{C}$ and 75%, respectively. In order to control temperature and relative humidity of air, a damper in inlet duct was manipulated for temperature control and a heater was used for humidity control. Temperature deviation and change of temperature deviation were used as input parameters for the fuzzy system. Humidity was only considered as a load. The experimental results showed that the controlled temperature of exhausted air was maintained at 8$\pm$2$\^{C}$. Relative humidity of the air was also controlled at the target relative humidity of 50∼80%.