• 한국자동차공학회논문집
• /
• 제24권4호
• /
• pp.432-438
• /
• 2016

Whiplash injuries in low-speed rear-end collisions are the most common injuries and has been a social issue in insurance industry, such as excessive medical claim costs along with exaggerated injuries of victims and treatments from hospitals. According to the Korea Insurance Development Institute reports, the number of claims by rear-end collision was approximately 703,000, which accounts for 53.6 % of the total car-to-car collisions in 2014. Part of the neck injury claims in the Korea car insurance was approximately 28.3 %. Furthermore, approximately 98.4% of the injured persons in rear-end collisions sustained minor injuries under AIS2. In order to improve this situation as well as find out the severity of neck injuries from rear-end collision, the Korea Automobile Insurance Repair Research and Training Center conducted car-to-car rear-end crash tests that striking vehicles(SUV) collided into different sizes of struck-vehicles(small, middle, and large sedan) at the impact speeds of 8 km/h ~ 16 km/h. In order to analyze the whiplash injury, the BioRID-II was seated in each struck-vehicles, and the neck injury criteria(NIC), head contact time, maximum vehicle accelerations, and mean vehicle accelerations were calculated from values from the accelerations of the dummy and the struck-vehicles.

• 대한불안의학회지
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.31-40
• /
• 2012

Objective : The purpose of this study was to analyze the correlation between symptom severity and neurocognitive factors in traumatic head injury patients. In addition, the effect of frontal lobe damage on these parameters was examined. Methods : We selected 18 patients who had brain damage for the moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (MSTBI) group, and 17 patients who met the diagnostic criteria for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) without the finding of brain damage for the comparison group. For the evaluation of neurocognitive function, K-WAIS, Rey-Kim Memory Test, K-FENT, WCST, and MMPI-2 were used. Results : The results of the comparison (using the malingering scale) revealed that the values of PDS and PK, which express the severity of symptoms, and the values of the validity scale F, F (B), and F (P) were significantly higher in the overly-expressed group. F (B) in overly-expressed group and PK, Pt, and Sc in the properly-expressed group had significant correlation with the severity of symptoms. F (B), S, and Stroop error inhibition in PTSD, and PK, Pt, Sc, and MQ in MSTBI had significant correlation with the severity of symptoms. The results of the comparison based on the finding of frontal lobe damage revealed that PDS, EIQ, and MQ ware significantly higher in the group without brain damage. Conclusions : It was revealed that each neurocognitive factor was correlated with the severity of symptoms. There was a decrease in complaints or symptoms reported by the frontal lobe injury group, and this is believed to be due to degenerative change in the personality and emotional functioning of these patients following frontal lobe damage.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
• /
• 제27권4호
• /
• pp.115-125
• /
• 2014

Purpose: Stable vital signs (SVSs) are thought to be the most important criteria for successful non-operative management (NOM) of blunt spleen injury (BSI). However, a consistent definition of SVSs has been lacking. We wanted to evaluate the diversity of the definitions of SVSs by using a nationwide survey. Methods: A questionnaire regarding the definition of SVSs was sent to the trauma surgeons working at the Department of Trauma Surgery and Emergency Medicine at a level-I trauma center between October 2011 and November 2011. Data were compared using analyses of the variance, t-tests, ${\chi}^2$ tests and logistic regressions. Results: Among 201 surgeons, 198 responded (98.2%). Of these 198 responses, 45 were incomplete, so only 153 (76.1%) were analyzed. In defining the SVSs, significant diversity existed on the subjects of type of blood pressure (BP), cut-off value for hypotension, technique for measuring BP, duration of hypotension, whether or not to use the heart rate (HR) as a determinant, cut-off value of hypotension when the patient had a comorbidity or when the patient was a child. Of the 153 surgeons whose responses were analyzed, 91.5% replied that they were confused when defining SVSs. Conclusion: Confusion exists regarding how to define SVSs. Most surveyed surgeons felt that a need existed to clarify both the definition of SVSs and the use of SVSs to determine hemodynamic stability for NOM.

• 자동차안전학회지
• /
• 제4권2호
• /
• pp.11-16
• /
• 2012

In 2014 Flex-PLIfor the pedestrian protection will be applied to NCAP test. The most significant feature of Flex-PLI is constructed with segmental bone cores for the femur and tibia regions. So it can be more reproducible by representing pedestrian injuries such as knee ligament and tibia injury during the pedestrian crash against vehicle. In this paper, Analyzed the characteristics of Flex-PLI through the structural analysis and the test results by using Flex-PLI for our compact vehicles. Finally countermeasures into compact vehicle were proposed to fulfill the injury criteria of Flex-PLI.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국정밀공학회 2006년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.523-524
• /
• 2006

It is necessary to have a model that describes the anthropometry of the crash victim with a sufficient accuracy Koreans, however, do not have their own pedestrian dummies to be used in pedestrian collision tests. They have to use European and American dummies for their safety analysis. In this study scaled pedestrian dummies were constructed by using MADYMO. The dummies represent Korean average males and females aged from 25 to 29. The scaled Korean dummies and MADYMO human models were used to obtain and compare the pedestrian dynamic behaviors and injury criteria during the impact events.

• 대한한의학회지
• /
• 제37권2호
• /
• pp.119-124
• /
• 2016

Objectives: To demonstrate a clinical course and feature of a female patient with a severe liver injury (DILI) during antituberculosis treatment for her intestinal tuberculosis, whom traditional Korean medicine completely recovered. Methods: A female patient with diagnosed as DILI by antituberculosis drugs had been treated with herbal drugs; and then the clinical outcome and biochemical parameters had been monitored. Result: A 45-year old female had taken antituberculosis drugs for about 2 months, and complained severe abdominal discomfort and dyspepsia. The RUCAM score was 10, which met the criteria for DILI (AST 584 IU/L, ALT 1212 IU/L, ALP 100 IU/L, and GGT 161 IU/L, total bilirubin 0.9 mg/dL). She had been treated with herbal drugs and acupuncture as inpatient and outpatient, and then her symptoms had been completely recovered with normalization of hepatic enzymes. Conclusion: This report provides a clinical characteristic for a severe hepatotoxicity induced by antituberculosis drugs, and showed an example of TKM-based application.

• 연구논문집
• /
• 통권24호
• /
• pp.97-106
• /
• 1994

Steering system is typically one of the vehicle parts that may injure an unrestrained driver in a frontal collision. Therefore, the engineers of vehicle safety parts researched the allowable injury criteria such as HIC(head injury criterion). chest acceleration and knee impact force. From their research, they recognized that development of energy absorbing steering system was necessary to protect the driver. Energy absorbing parts of steering system consist of shear capsule, ball sleeve and shaft assembly. We performed the modelling and dynamic analysis of the energy absorbing steering column with the unrestrained driver model. The conclusions of this study are as follows. 1) The variation of column angle has an important effects on the dynamic responses of steering system and driver behavior. 2) The energy absorbing steering system satisfies the safety criterion of FMVSS 203, 208, but not the safety criterion of FMVSS 204.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.127-133
• /
• 2022

This study aims to find out the associative relationship between dementia and comorbidities. To conduct this study, we used KNHDIS(Korea National Hospital Discharge In-depth Injury Survey) data from 2009 to 2018 provided by the KDCA(Korean Disease Control and Prevention Agency) annually. We used MySQL for data preprocessing and R for data analysis. As a result of applying the Apriori algorithm criteria of support(≥0.01), confidence(≥ 0.6), and lift(>1), seventeen rules related to dementia were discovered. The diseases associated with dementia were diabetes mellitus, hypertension, disorders of lipoprotein metabolism, glomerular disorders in diabetes mellitus, renal diseases, cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, and other urinary system disorders. This study can be utilized as primary data for the care of patients with dementia and provides implications for improving effective dementia prevention policies.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
• /
• 제26권4호
• /
• pp.273-279
• /
• 2013

Purpose: In patients with splenic trauma, Computed Tomography (CT) scan is helpful in selecting treatment options and evaluating resolution after NOM (Non-Operative Management). The purpose of this study was to suggest a CT based hemoperitoneum (HP) scoring system that can easily be used by clinicians to evaluate the severity of injury and recovery. Methods: A retrospective review of patients with splenic trauma admitted to our hospital between May 2003 and January 2013 was conducted. Patients diagnosed with isolated spleen injury who had a CT scan on admission were included. 1 or 2 points were given according to location and amount of hematoma in the CT image. Using the existing ultrasonography (US) based HP scoring system, the same method was applied to obtain our CT based HP scoring (CBHS) system, which ranges from 0 to 8 points. The CBHS system can be easily used by clinicians for a quick assessment of splenic injury. Results: Of the 39 patients meeting the inclusion criteria, 6 patients were managed operatively and 33 nonoperatively. There was a significant difference in CBHS between the OM (operative management) group and the NOM group.(p=0.03) CBHS showed correlation with Hb (hemoglobin), Hct (hematocrit), spleen injury grade(AAST), and Hounsfield unit of ROI (Region of interest). (p=0.17, p=0.18, p<0.000, p=0.02, respectively) After successful NOM with stabilized Hb level, the amount of hemoperitoneum was scored in the follow-up CT. CBHS demonstrated correlation with decreased spleen injury grade, decreased Hounsfield unit of ROI (Region of interest) (p=0.039, p=0.049, respectively), and also objectively reflected patient recovery. Conclusion: CBHS can be used as an objective and intuitive tool for clinicians in grading the severity of splenic injury by scoring the amount of hemoperitoneum, and in assessing recovery.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.58-62
• /
• 2006

Background: Acute transverse myelitis(ATM) is a group of disorders characterized by focal inflammation of the spinal cord and resultant neural injury. It can be diagnosed by Transverse Myelitis Consortium Working Group(TMCWG) criteria. But there are some cases which were not satisfied with idiopathic ATM criteria, both clinically and radiologically, especially in acute stage. So we analyzed 27 cases retrospectively, which were diagnosed as idiopathic ATM. Methods: All the records of the patients at Gil Medical Center with a diagnosis of idiopathic ATM from 2001 to 2005 were reviewed. And clinical manifestations including neurological examination, radiologic features and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) findings were analyzed. Results: Among the patients(20 men and 7 women; mean age, 45.3 years), 11 cases could not be diagnosed as idiopathic ATM according to the TMCWG criteria ; 6 cases did not have well marginated upper sensory level and 5 cases were not satisfied with spinal cord inflammation. Conclusions: Although most cases of suspected idiopathic ATM were suitable for TMCWG criteria, some cases were not satisfied with this diagnostic criteria, especially in acute stage. Subsequent study might be needed to evaluate the reliability and clinical application of the criteria.