• 드라이브 ㆍ 컨트롤
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2012

This paper deals with the issue of model reference adaptive control strategy to control the injection molding machine. Prior to controller design, a pair of transfer functions are derived for the injection and dwelling process based on mathematical models of components. As external disturbances to examine the robustness of the proposed controller, nozzle clogging and contraction of molded objects are considered and realized by proportional valve. The overall simulation system, consisting of hydraulic components, controller and sensors, is implemented using the components of commercial software SimulationX. The simulation results confirm the proposed scheme's efficiency and robustness.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국연소학회 제26회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 논문집
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• pp.27-32
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• 2003

Diesel-Fueled HCCI(Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition) Engine is an advanced combustion process explained as a premixed charge of diesel fuel and air is admitted into the cylinder and compression ignited. It has possibility to reduce NOx by spontaneous auto-ignition at multiple points that allows very lean combustion resulting in low combustion temperatures. Also PM could be reduced by the premixed combustion and no fuel-rich zones. But HCCI couldn't be realized because of the difficulties in vaporizing the diesel, control of combustion phase directly. To solve these problems, new fuel injection strategy, explained as the pilot fuel injection to promote ignition near TDC following the main fuel injection at the extremely advanced timing, is applied during the compression ratio is varied from 18.9:1 to 27.7:1 This is not a pilot fuel to promote the ignition but also the direct control method of the combustion phase. Experimental result shows the pilot fuel injection promote the ignition and the compression ignition of the HCCI engine is achieved as compression ratio becomes higher. Also there is an optimal pilot fuel injection timing for the HCCI combustion. NOx is reduced more than 90% compared to DI-Diesel case but PM and THC emission needs more investigation.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2001년도 하계종합학술대회 논문집(4)
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• pp.265-268
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• 2001

This paper proposes the strategy of noise injection into inputs in the Kohonen learning algorithm (KKA) to improve the local convergence problem of the KLA. Noise strengths are high in the begin of the learning and gradually lowered as the teaming proceeds. This strategy is a kind of stochastic relaxation (SR) method which is broadly used in the general optimization problems. It is convenient to implement and improves the convergence properties of the KLA with moderately increased computing time compared to the KLA. Experimental results for Gauss-Markov sources and real speech demonstrate that the proposed method can consistently provide better codebooks than the KLA.

• Nano
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• 제13권10호
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• pp.1850114.1-1850114.7
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• 2018

Here we report an optimized hot-injection method and a phase transfer strategy for the synthesis of water-soluble $CuInS_2$ QDs with desired properties. The structure and morphology studies demonstrate that the resulting QDs are $CuInS_2$ tetragonal phase with well-defined facets. It is also found that the crystal size gradually increases with the increase of reaction temperature, while the surface of QDs with pre- and post-phase transfer is functionalized with hydrophobic and hydrophilic ligands, respectively. Spectroscopy measurements reveal the size-dependent optical properties of $CuInS_2$ QDs, demonstrating the quantum confinement effect in this system.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.40-47
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• 2010

This study deals with the investigation about the effect of the pilot and split injection strategies on the spray-atomization characteristics of biodiesel fuel derived from a soybean oil. Experimental results were compared with the calculation results obtained from the numerical analysis. Fuel properties of biodiesel according to the variation of the fuel temperature were inserted to the fuel library in the KIVA code. The amount of fuel injection is divided into equal mass for each split and main injection. In this work, the pilot injection strategy can be achieved by the amount of fuel injection shortly before the start of the main injection. A spray tip penetration, radial distance and spray area were measured for the analysis of macroscopic spray characteristics. In addition, the local and overall droplet size distribution were calculated by using KIVA-3V code to study the effect of split and pilot injection on the atomization performance under high ambient pressure. From these studies, the experimental results showed the multiple injection induced the decrease of the spray tip penetration due to the reduction and division of the spray momentum compared to single injection. In the atomization performance, the droplet size increased in the case of the multiple injection a little. Moreover, the SMD slightly increased as the fuel droplets goes through the axial direction. The spray behavior of numerical results were well predicted the experimental multiple spray characteristics of biodiesel fuel.

• 시스템엔지니어링학술지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.41-58
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• 2016

Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM) introduces a systematic method and decision logic tree for utilizing previous operating experience focused on reliability and optimization of maintenance activities. In this paper RCM methodology is applied on safety injection system for APR-1400. Functional Failure Mode Effects and Criticality Analysis (FME&CA) are applied to evaluate the failure modes and the effect on the component, system and plant. Logic Tree Analysis (LTA) is used to determine the optimum maintenance tasks. The results show that increasing the condition based maintenance will reduce component failure and improve reliability and availability of the system. Also the extension of the surveillance test interval of Safety Injection Pumps (SIPs) would lead to an improved pump's availability, eliminate the unnecessary maintenance tasks and this will optimize maintenance activities.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.46-52
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• 2004

An LPG engine (KL6i) for heavy duty vehicle has been developed using liquid phase LPG injection (LPLi) system, which has regarded as one of next generation LPG fuel supply systems. For the KL6i engine, lean burn technology was introduced to minimize the thermal loading and NOx emissions due to an increase of the engine power. In this work, injection timing and piston bowl shape were investigated for the stabilization of lean burn characteristics. Experimental results reveals that fuel stratification induced by these parameters is most effective strategy to extend lean combustion limit in the LPLi system.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제36권7호
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• pp.759-765
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• 2012

1.7L 커먼레일 직접분사 디젤 엔진을 이용하여 1500rpm 3.9bar BMEP 조건에서 세가지 연소 전략에 따른 배기가스 배출 특성 및 탄화수소 종 분석을 수행하였다. 첫째 전략은 EGR 을 사용하지 않고 연료 분할 분사를 이용하는 방법(split injection), 둘째는 적절한 EGR 적용 및 단일 연료분사 방법(single-1)이며 셋째는 다량의 EGR 및 레일 압력 증대 등을 통한 저온디젤연소(single-2)이다. 본 실험 조건으로부터 split injection 방법과 single-1 방법은 PM-NOx 상반 관계를 보였고, single-2 방법은 PM-NOx 상관관계에서 벗어나 PM 및 NOx 동시 저감이 가능하였다. 탄화수소 종 분석 결과, THC 배출 경향과 동일하게 탄소번호에 관계없이 split injection 이 가장 적은 배출을 보였고, single-1 그리고 single-2 의 순서로 많이 배출하였다. 메탄, 아세틸렌 및 CO 의 THC 에 대한 비율은 공연비가 농후해 짐에 따라서 증가하였고 이는 공연비가 농후에 따른 연소 영역에서 산소 농도 감소로 열해리가 증가하였기 때문이다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.711-717
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• 2017

디젤엔진은 저온 상태의 냉시동 조건에서 디젤 미립화 특성 악화로 인한 시동성 및 유해배출가스 생성의 문제를 안고 있다. 본 연구에서는 냉시동 시의 연소개선을 위한 방안으로 다단분사 전략 적용 시의 연소 특성을 파악하고자 하였다. 본 연구에서는 냉시동성 개선을 위해 방안으로 다단분사 적용 시의 연소 특성을 파악하고자 하였다. 정적 연소 챔버 내에 설치한 압력센서를 이용하여 취득한 연소압 및 열방출율, 직접 화염 가시화기법을 적용한 화염강도를 이용하여 연소현상을 분석하고자 하였다. 시험 결과 단일 분사 대비하여 다단 분사 적용 시, 주분사에 의한 최대 연소압력 및 열방출 상승률이 증가하며, 주분사에 의한 화염 감지 기간이 단축됨을 확인하였다. 파일럿 분사량 변경을 통해 분사량 증대 시 파일럿 연소에 의한 열방출 향상에 기인한 주분사에 의한 연소가 개선됨을 확인하였다. 또한 분사압력 증대 시 연료 미립화 개선으로 인한 연소개선을 화염 강도 증대를 통해 확인할 수 있었다. 다만 분사량 및 분사압 증대는 벽면적심현상으로 인한 HC, CO의 배출 수준 악화를 초래할 수 있으므로, 실제 엔진 개발 시 이에 대한 정밀한 선정이 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

• 전력전자학회논문지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.149-157
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• 2002

본 논문에서는 공간벡터 PWM(SVPWM) 인버터에서 직류단 전압을 최대로 이용하기 위한 새로운 과변조 기법을 제안한다. 제안된 기법은 영-시퀀스 신호인 옵셋 전압 주입 원리에 근거한 SVPWM의 개념을 사용하였다. 제안된 과변조 기법에서는 폴전압을 간단히 수정함으로써 과변조 영역 전반에 걸터 인버터의 출력전압을 선형적으로 제어할 수 있게 하였다. 제안된 기법은 시뮬레이션과 실험을 통하여 그 타당성을 확인하였다.