• 아시아태평양코퍼스연구
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.75-87
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• 2023

This paper presents a revised version of the vocabulary analyzer for self-reflection (VACSR), called VACSR v.2.0. The initial version of the VACSR automatically analyzes the occurrences and the level of vocabulary items in the transcribed texts, indicating the frequency, the unused vocabulary items, and those not belonging to either scale. However, it overlooked words with multiple parts of speech due to their identical headword representations. It also needed to provide more explanatory result tables from different corpora. VACSR v.2.0 overcomes the limitations of its predecessor. First, unlike VACSR v.1, VACSR v.2.0 distinguishes words that are different parts of speech by syntactic parsing using Stanza, an open-source Python library. It enables the categorization of the same lexical items with multiple parts of speech. Second, VACSR v.2.0 overcomes the limited clarity of VACSR v.1 by providing precise result output tables. The updated software compares the occurrence of vocabulary items included in classroom corpora for each level of the Common European Framework of Reference-Japan (CEFR-J) wordlist. A pilot study utilizing VACSR v.2.0 showed that, after converting two English classes taught by a preservice English teacher into corpora, the headwords used mostly corresponded to CEFR-J level A1. In practice, VACSR v.2.0 will promote users' reflection on their vocabulary usage and can be applied to teacher training.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.261-268
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• 2020

Background: A comprehensive history taking at the first visit could be an important start of treatment. This study investigated the current status of the initial history taking for dental patients in S area, and the implementation and importance of the initial history taking process. Based on this, we intend to provide basic data for the development of organized and standardized questionnaires in dental clinics. Methods: In April 2019, 303 dental clinics in S area were targeted and special dental clinics (orthodontics, children, and disabled) were excluded. The questionnaire consisted of 29 items, including general characteristics, systemic disease history, dental history, oral health behaviors, and the data were obtained through self-administered questionnaire. Results: Initial history taking was mostly implemented using oral and questionnaire at the time of the first visit. Systemic disease history, dental history, and oral health behaviors differed in the work experience of the dental clinic staff. As a result of analyzing the importance according to implementation, there were significant differences in all questions except drug-related items. The importance of the questionnaire was highly recognized, but the reason it was not actually implemented was because of existing the questionnaire in the clinic and lack of time. Conclusion: Considering that the initial history taking implementation rate showed low, it is necessary to develop standardize a practical questionnaire and interview skills for dental clinics in the future. In addition, training programs should be provided to dental staff that can recognize the importance of initial history taking questionnaires and contribute to active implementation.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.286-291
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of clothing habits wearing cool or warm in daily life on motor ability. A group of ten healthy young females were divided into a cold (C) group and a warm (W) group. From autumn to winter, C group was advised to wear cool clothing, and W group, warm Clothing. The subject's physical fitness were tested in October, initial stage of the clothing training and March of the following year, final stage of the training. The measurements were taken after the subjects rested in a thermoneutral room conditioned at 23$\pm$2$^{\circ}C$ over 1 hour. The test items were weight, skinfold thickness, grip strength (right, left), back-lift strength, vertical jump, sit-ups, Irosmax, side step test, single-foot standing test with eyes closed, and standing trunk flexion. Changes in motor ability of each group between initial stage and final stage of the training were compared. 1. Muscle strength, part of the motor revelation capacity, showed no significant change in the both ,Troops. On the other hand, strength and power showed a decrease in the both groups and C group showed a sharp decrease. 2. Muscular endurance and cardio-pulmonary fitness, part of the motor continuation capacity, were increased after the training and the degree of increase was great in C group. 3. C group showed significant increase in motor coordination capacity including agility, balance, and flexibility after the training, while Wgroup showed significant increases only in balance. 4. Weight and skinfold thickness as a part of the physique showed no significant change.

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.279-290
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• 2006

This paper proposes a model to assess the maturity level of Six Sigma activities. We classify the maturity level into 5 stages: initial, forming, storming, performing and mature stage. To evaluate the maturity level, 10 categories of Six Sigma with 3 factors each are identified: management leadership, belt system, expert training, establishing execution system, compensation, organization, corporate culture, customer focus, project selection, and management of project results. Scoring 277 items in total, the value of each factor is evaluated by weighted average of those items. Maturity level is appraised by rating the sum of scores of 10 categories that are obtained by summing up the values of its 3 factors. Values of weights and criteria of rating maturity levels are determined by analyzing 90 companies and Six Sigma exper's opinion. This study also shows the actual appraisal results of some companies.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.63-70
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• 2011

Recent studies on English $L^*$ (low pitch accent) have revealed the difference of changes in acoustic manifestation between utterances produced by Koreans and those produced by native speakers of English. However, not much effort has been made to compare $L^*$ focused constituents and non-focused constituents. At the same time, most previous works on focus realization are lacking in terms of normalization of acoustic measurement. Therefore, this research is dedicated to comparing the $L^*$ focused items and non-focused items realized by Koreans and Americans and to examining the realization of English $L^*$ produced by the two language groups with improved normalization of the acoustic features (F0, intensity and duration). Within-group analysis comparing focused words and non-focused words showed both Americans and Koreans prolonged the $L^*$ focused syllables but the effect size of syllable lengthening made by Koreans was far less than that made by Americans. Furthermore, significant F0 lowering was found in Americans but not in Koreans. However, the effect of intensity change caused by $L^*$ focus was not significant within each group. The effect of focused words was tested between the two groups revealing that Koreans implemented English $L^*$ focus with higher F0, lower intensity and shorter duration than Americans. In the instances in which a significant Group x Focus Location (initial, middle and final of a sentence) interaction was found, further analysis testing the effect of Group on each Focus Location was conducted. The testing showed that the Koreans produced shorter syllables at initial and middle of a sentence and higher F0 at initial of a sentence than Americans. Implications for the intonation training were also discussed.

• 대한지역사회작업치료학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.43-58
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• 2017

목적 : 발달장애인의 마트장보기 과제의 독립적 수행을 위해 작업 기반 마트장보기 훈련 프로그램을 개발하여 시행하고 효과를 바탕으로 프로그램의 최종 프로토콜을 제안하고 그 효과를 입증하고자 한다. 연구방법 : 작업 기반 마트장보기 훈련 그룹프로그램을 개발한 프로그램에 대해 전문가 내용타당도 평가를 실시한 후 프로토콜을 작성하였다. 이후 발달 장애인 3명에게 소규모 그룹프로그램의 프로토콜을 총 6회기에 걸쳐 적용하였다. 프로그램의 효과는 훈련 전 후 및 5개월 후 3차례에 걸쳐 The Test of Grocery Shopping Skills (TOGSS)를 통해 평가하였다. 연구결과 : 본 연구에서 개발된 작업 기반 마트장보기 훈련 그룹프로그램을 적용한 결과 3명의 대상자 모두 구매하고자 하는 물건의 항목비교 및 크기비교 수행기술에서 향상을 보였으며, 마트에서 장보는 시간이 훈련 전에 비해 감소되는 효과를 보였다. 또한 3명 중 2명의 대상자는 마트 내에서 물건위치 찾기 수행도가 향상되었다. 반면 가격비교는 3명 모두 수행도의 향상을 보이지 않았다. 5개월 후 추적평가 시 대상자 2명은 마트장보기 수행기술이 유지되거나 향상된 모습을 보였고, 1명은 훈련효과가 퇴행하여 독립적으로 마트장보기가 불가능하였다. 결론 : 본 연구에서 개발한 작업 기반 마트장보기 훈련 그룹프로그램은 발달장애인들의 마트장보기 수행 기술 향상에 도움이 된다. 이와 같이 마트장보기 훈련 프로그램은 지적장애인 거주시설에서 활용할 수 있을 것이고, 전문가 내용 타당도 평가를 거쳐 구체적인 프로토콜로 프로그램을 개발하였다는 것이 지역사회 작업치료서비스 분야에 필요한 임상적 의의를 지닌다.

• 한국항공운항학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.117-131
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• 2022

Human rights education is to acquire understanding and knowledge about human rights, to develop values, attitudes and character that respect human rights, to develop the ability to overcome human rights violations and discriminatory acts, and to protect and promote the human rights of others. In order to prevent human rights violations of the transportation vulnerable, such as the disabled, it is necessary to develop specialized human rights education plans for aviation security personnel to practice human rights perspectives. Therefore, in accordance with the 「National Civil Aviation Security Education and Training Guidelines」, specialized human rights education should be included in the initial aviation security education and regular education courses. The point is that there is a need to reexamine the aviation security education program for aviation security personnel based on the essential knowledge and educational contents for aviation security personnel to perform security screening tasks in the aviation security education course. When this happens, various efforts must be made to improve the human rights of the transportation vulnerable, such as the disabled, during the security screening process, so that human rights violations will be significantly reduced. In particular, it is necessary to enhance the ability to detect dangerous terrorist items such as weapons or explosives that can be used for illegal sabotage through practical security screening training. For aviation security and aircraft safety, efforts to improve the quality of aviation security personnel training, such as human rights training, must be continuously made while thoroughly preparing for terrorism in advance.

• 지구물리와물리탐사
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.53-66
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• 2021

속도 모델 구축은 탄성파 탐사 자료처리에서 필수적인 절차이다. 주시 토모그래피나 속도 분석과 같은 기존 기법들은 하나의 속도 모델을 예측하는 데 계산 시간이 오래 걸리며 역산 결과의 품질이 전문가의 판단에 크게 의존한다. 전파형 역산 또한 초기 속도 모델에 크게 의존한다는 문제가 있다. 최근 심층 신경망 기법이 복잡하고 비선형적인 문제를 푸는데 적용되는 사례가 많아지면서 널리 보급되고 있다. 이 논문에서는 심층 신경망 기법을 이용한 탄성파 속도 모델 구축 사례들을 각 연구에 사용한 신경망에 따라 분류하며 조사하였다. 또한 훈련용 인공 속도 모델 생성 사례도 포함하였다. 심층 신경망은 대량의 데이터로부터 신경망을 훈련함으로써 모델 매개변수를 자동으로 최적화한다. 따라서 기존 기법들에 비해 역산 결과에 사람의 판단이 개입될 여지가 적으며 훈련을 마친 후 하나의 속도 모델을 예측하는 비용은 무시할 수 있다. 또한, 심층 신경망은 전파형 역산과 달리 초기 속도 모델이 필요하지 않다. 여러 연구에서 계산 비용뿐만 아니라 역산 결과에서도 심층 신경망 기법이 뛰어난 성과를 달성하는 것을 보여주었다. 연구 결과들을 바탕으로 속도 모델 구축에 사용된 심층 신경망 기법의 특징에 대해 분석하고 논의하였다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.617-632
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• 1995

Nowadays, most big hospitals have a computer system to manage their administration. For maxi mum effectiveness in managing the computer system, an analysis of the variables affecting its implementation is necessary from the beginning. This study was done to analyze the variables influencing the operation of a hospital information system (HIS). The theoretical base for this study considered the combined effects of user expectations of computerization, and computer-anxiety. The relationship between variables in the theoretical base were analyzed and the individual characteristics influencing each variable were also analyzed. This study was done in two steps. First, 344 nurses were given an initial questionnaire developed to evaluate the reliability of the items. Based on the results, a second revised questionnaire was administered to 88 nurses who had been working in the areas where HIS was applied. The results of the first and second steps of the study are as follows 1. The initial study was done with nurses who were trained on the computer system briefly before HIS was implemented. The individual characteristics influencing computer anxiety and expectation regarding computer system usage in that initial study included, length of career, type of degree or certification, previous experiences with a computer, training on a computer, desire for computer training, and level of acceptance of a computerized work environment. But in the second study with nurses working in areas of the hospital where HIS was introduced, the work site was the only influencing characteristics. There-fore, in applying a computer system, overcoming work-environment barriers will be more import-ant than any individual characteristics. 2. The computer anxiety of the nurses in both groups, before and after the computer system ap-plication, was below the average level but the expectation of the effects of computerization was above average. The nurses using the computer program showed an above average level of satis-faction with the computer system itself, and with its effect on their efficiency. Therefore, the ability of nurses operating HIS will be positively. predictive. 3. For the variables included in the theoretical framework of the study, all of the correlational coefficients were statistically significant in the analysis of variation correlation. Therefore, the theoretical base of the study, "expectation in con junction with computer anxiety" can be considered an model which can be evaluated. Accord-ing to our analysis, the higher the level of nurses' motivation to use the computer system and the lower the anxiety about computer usage, the higher the possibility of computer system acceptance by nurses. The results of this study showed that in applying a computer system in the hospital, the main characteristic influencing acceptance was where the individual worked rather than personal characteristics such as length of career, type of degree or certification, and previous experiences with a computer. Therefore, it is suggested that the first step in uncovering and eliminating hindrance factors in ap-plication of a computer system should be an analysis of working conditions in relation to the functional content of the computer system. The suitability of the theoretical model based on the hypothesis ap-plied in this study should be further tested.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제20권11호
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• pp.44-55
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• 2019

본 연구는 간호사를 대상으로 초기 심정지 5분 간 수행능력, 자신감 향상을 위해 전통적 시뮬레이션 교육 방법과 Rapid Cycle Deliberate Practice(RCDP) 시뮬레이션 교육 방법을 받은 전·후 변화를 확인하고 두 그룹 간의 수행 능력, 자신감, 만족도를 비교 하고자 시도되었으며 연구 대상자는 서울 소재 병원의 간호사로 그룹 1은 62명으로 RCDP 시뮬레이션 방법을 그룹 2는 60명으로 전통적 시뮬레이션 교육 방법으로 총 122명의 간호사에게 전문 소생술 교육을 진행 하였다. 2019년 3월 18일부터 29일 까지 자료 수집을 하였으며 자료 분석은 SPSS Version 23.0 프로그램으로 서술적 통계, Fisher's exact test, t-test, Wilcoxon sign rank test, Mann-Whitney U-test를 활용하여 분석하였다. 연구 결과 RCDP와 전통적 시뮬레이션 교육의 두 그룹 간에는 수행 능력의 일부 항목(z=-2.02, p=0.044 / z=-2.42, p=0.015 / z=-3.03, p=0.002)은 유의한 차이를 보였으나 수행 자신감(z=0.388, p=0.699)과 만족도(t=.72, p=0.476)에서 두 그룹간의 차이는 없었다. 본 연구는 전통적 시뮬레이션 교육 방법과 RCDP 시뮬레이션 교육 방법 모두 간호사의 전문 소생술 수행 능력 및 자신감을 높이는데 효과적인 교육 방법임을 확인하였다. 따라서 간호사 대상 전문 소생술 교육시 교육 대상 및 내용에 따라 적절한 시뮬레이션 방법을 적용하고 다양한 분야에 RCDP 시뮬레이션 교육 방법을 활용하여 효과성을 확인 해 볼 것을 제언한다.