• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.15-27
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• 1998

In order to help students through their initial clinical experience, faculty must understand more fully the moaning of this experience for nursing students. This study was performed to understand and to explain what is the essential structure of nursing students' initial clinical experience. A grounded theory approach was conducted to explore the actual experience of nursing students' first clinical experience. Each of the nursing students' descriptions about their initial clinical experience was analyzed using Strauss & Corbin's method. The results of the study were as follows : From the 172 written descriptions and 7 in-depth individual interviews, 128 concepts were extracted. After identifying the concepts' formulated meaning, they were organized into 29 subcategories and the following 12 categories . burden, encountering difficulties, self-discovery, grasping actuality, acquirement of nurse's nature, special character of experience, special character of relationship, external effect, problem oriented coping, emotional oriented coping, affection for nursing, skeptical view of nursing. Five hypotheses were derived from the analysis. 1) Burden is an obstacle to grasp nursing actuality. 2) Special character of experience and external effect have an effect on grasping nursing actuality, 3) Encouragement, a part of external effects, will increase nursing student's affection for nursing. 4) Affection for nursing through first clinical experience facilitates positive nursing view and scholarly zest. 5) Disappointment with the difference be tween theory and reality will cause the student to take a skeptical view of nursing. It is hoped that the knowledge gained from this qualitative study will enable faculty to enter more fully Into the world of nursing students as they embark on their initial clinical experience.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.21-30
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore perception of clinical experience between the initial and final practice and to explore changes in the perception of clinical experience. Method: The study used a Q-method to measure perception of clinical practice. Thirty-six statements made up the finalized Q-sample. The P sample used thirty three nursing college students from K university. The initial collection was done in the first semester of their junior year and second collection was done in the last semester of their senior year. The Q-sorts by each student were coded and analysed with the Quanl PC program. Result: Many students classified as having the perception type 'alienation of ideal and reality' or 'perception of limitation of ability' in the initial clinical practice changed to the type, 'active participation' by the final clinical practice. Further, in the initial clinical practice, part of 'active participation' and 'perception of limitation of ability' changed to 'alienation of ideal and reality'. Conclusion: This study shows that perception of their clinical practice by student nurses changed in a positive direction through clinical experience and that this fact was related to the level of satisfaction with nursing. The knowledge and understanding obtained in this research provide insights for nursing faculty and students involved in nursing education.

• The Korean Nurse
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.59-72
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• 1994

This study was conducted to identify an initial clinical experience of nursing students, so to better understanding to students' experience in clinical setting. The study subjects were 39 nursing students working in C department of nursing in C city. This study was approached by phenomenological method, collected data were analyzed by Colaizzi's method. The results were followed. From the protocol, 236 significant statements were organized into 56 formulated meanings. From formulated meanig, 27 themes were identified, organized into 13 theme clusters, and then into 6 categories. Theose nursing students experienced $\mathbb{\ulcorner}$tension$\mathbb{\lrcorner}$ in adjusting themselves to new clinical settings, $\mathbb{\ulcorner}$fear and anxiety$\mathbb{\lrcorner}$ in using unskillful nursing skills. They also went through $\mathbb{\ulcorner}$stress> by difficulties in applying their knowledge and skill to nursing practice, in lack of nursing knowledge and skill, in dealing with making interpersonal relationship with clinical staffs, in insufficiency of clinical instructions and in role ambiguity among nursing students. Physical $\mathbb{\ulcorner}$fatigue$\mathbb{\lrcorner}$ and $\mathbb{\ulcorner}$disappointment and doubt$\mathbb{\lrcorner}$ by the difference between reality and expectation caused by clinical experience. However, clinical experience enabled nursing students to enhance their understanding of human beings, learning, their satisfaction. to nursing practice, to identify the confirmation of nursing identity, so to gain $\mathbb{\ulcorner}$sense of accomplishment$\mathbb{\lrcorner}$. The results of this study are to use as basic data for students attending clinical experience for the first time.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.95-108
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• 2003

This study was conducted to identify an initial clinical experience of EMT students, so to better understand their' experience in clinical training. The subjects were 30 EMT students of C department of Emergency Medical technology in C city, who were demonstrating at the emergency room in C, T, S, W city. This study was approached by phenomenological method, collected data were analyzed by Colaizzi's method. the results were as a follows. From the protocol, significant statements were organized into 34 formulated meanings. from the formulated meanings, 21themes were identified, organized into 8 theme clusters, and then categories. EMT students got experienced 'tension resulting from new situation', 'fear in contacting with patients', 'lack of knowledge and skill', 'confidence feeling from being adapted', 'facing up to Paramedic role', 'experience of death' and 'stress'. The results of this study are to use as basic data for students attending clinical experience for the first time.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.3
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• pp.34-45
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• 1997

Aspects of nursing student's clinical experiences are anxiety provoking. High anxiety may contribute to decreased learning. The purpose of this study was to identify the level of anxiety and potentially anxiety-producing clinical experience, the relation between the level of anxiety and their Trait-Anxiety and State-Anxiety. Finally, it is aimed at getting preparing data for guidance of students which can enhance learning effect of students for clinical experience. The samples of this study were 36 junior students(1 semester experience) and 44 senior students (3 semester experience) from Junior College of Nursing in Seoul on September 1996. The tools of this study were two kinds ; questionare of Spielberg' STAI measuring State and Trait-Anxiety, and author's for measuring the level of Anxiety producing situations and 10cm visual analogue scale was also used for measuring self stated level of anxiety on clinical setting. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS using percentage, t-test, ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficient. The results of this study were as follows : 1. The self perception of anxiety level was 4.3/10cm and the level of anxiety in clinical setting situations was 3.5/5. 2. Among 20 questions for perception of anxiety-producing situations in the clinical setting. 'deficit of nursing knowledge' was the highest item(4.18), 'vagueness of role'(4.11), 'lack of nursing skill'(4.00), 'evaluation by faculty'(4.00) 'fear of making mistakes'(3.81) 'initial clinical experience on a unit'(3.76) 'initial application of nursing knowledge'(3.74) in turn. 3. The level of State-anxiety of senior students was higher than junior's (p=0.005)and the level of Trait-Anxiety of insufficient interpersonal relationship and unhealthy students were higher than others (p=0.015) There was no differences according to the student's grade in level of anxiety. 4. Both of self-stated anxiety and situationa anxiety of unhealthy students were high (p=0.007, p=0.000) and the level of self-stated anxiety of unsatisfied students for selection major and clinical experience were high (p=0.050, p=0.009). 5. Self-stated anxiety and situation anxiety (p=0.0000), self-stated- anxiety and Trait-anxiety(p=0.003), situation anxiety and Trait-anxiety(p=0.004), and Trait-anxiety and state-anxiety(p=0.000) of the students were interrelated. By the above conclusion, the nursing students still feel anxiety on clinical experience and on making a mistake due to the lack of their nursing knowledge and skill. And the students are afraid of the faculties' evaluation. In addition, the students who are not healthy and have not sufficiently interpersonal relationship feel more anxiety. But, since there was no difference significantly between each grade, we think it is needed that further study on the same topic in large samples. And, we have to equip the students with much nursing knowledge and philosophy apparently before the students have clinical experience. Finally, the faculty have to reduce the students' anxiety by making a climate of acceptance in clinical setting with good personality.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.675-682
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• 2005

This is the evaluation report of clinical competence of undergraduate medical students in Plastic Surgery field using OSCE(Objective Structured Clinical Examination) executed in three years. OSCE comprises of assessment of subject, choice of clinical stations sampling, identification of components of clinical competence to be evaluated, the level of performance required, development of specification table, editing of OSCE presentation page and assessment of practicability and results exploitation. About fifty students were examined annually. Seven station stimuli with simulated patient participation were carried out. The mean OSCE score was $82.3{\pm}6.19$. The reliability of the total station was 0.72. The examination shows a positive response to the OSCE. Our experience shows OSCE's feasibility for Plastic Surgery during the initial course of education. Referring to our experiences, the Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons (KPRS) applied the OSCE test for Korean Plastic Surgery Board Certification

• Proceedings of the KSMRM Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.34-34
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• 2006

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.5-7
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• 2019

Pancreatic cancer is a lethal disease since curative resection is available in only 20% of patients at the initial diagnosis. Even after radical resection of the cancer, most patients experience recurrence. Therefore, many clinical trials have been attempted to prevent recurrence of pancreatic cancer. The key clinical studies about adjuvant therapy of pancreatic cancer and currently available regimens in Korea will be reviewed concisely according to the chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or both.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.242-247
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• 2021

Purpose: Blunt cardiac injuries (BCI) have a wide clinical spectrum, ranging from asymptomatic myocardial contusion to cardiac rupture and death. BCIs rarely require surgical intervention, but can be rapidly fatal, requiring prompt evaluation and surgical treatment in some cases. The aim of this study was to identify potential factors associated with in-hospital mortality after surgery in patients with BCI. Methods: The medical records of 15 patients who had undergone emergency cardiac surgery for BCI between January 2014 and August 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. We included trauma patients older than 18 years admitted to Regional Trauma Center, Gachon University Gil Medical Center during the study period. Clinical and laboratory variables were compared between survivors and non-survivors. Results: Non-survivors showed a significantly higher Injury Severity Score (p=0.001) and Abbreviated Injury Scale in the chest region (p=0.001) than survivors. American Association for the Surgery of Trauma-Organ Injury Scale Grade V injuries were significantly more common in non-survivors than in survivors (p=0.031). Non-survivors had significantly more preoperative packed red blood cell (PRBC) transfusions (p=0.019) and were significantly more likely to experience preoperative cardiac arrest (p=0.001) than survivors. Initial pH (p=0.010), lactate (p=0.026), and base excess (BE; p=0.026) levels showed significant differences between the two groups. Conclusions: Initial pH, lactate, BE, ventricular injury, the amount of preoperative PRBC transfusions, and preoperative cardiac arrest were potential predictors of in-hospital mortality.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.259-265
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• 2020

Purpose: Perforation of choledochal cyst (CC) is a relatively rare clinical presentation in pediatric populations and difficult to predict preoperatively. We assess the clinical implications by comparing clinical parameters based on a single-center experience between perforated and nonperforated CC to facilitate the appropriate management for future interventions. Methods: A total of 92 cases of CC in pediatric patients (aged <18 years) who received surgical management between January 2003 and December 2018 at a Pusan National University Children's Hospital were reviewed. After screening the clinical features of perforated cases, we compared the demographic findings, clinical characteristics, and some laboratory results between the perforated and nonperforated groups. Results: Perforated CC was identified in 8 patients (8.7%), and nonperforated CC in 84 patients (91.3%). Perforation can be classified into three categories: free perforation of cyst (3 cases), pinpoint perforation of cyst (2 cases), and necrotic change of cyst (3 cases). CC perforation occurred significantly more commonly in patients aged <24 months. Clinically, the perforated group showed significantly higher frequency of fever and higher C-reactive protein (CRP) level during the initial visit. Conclusion: Perforation is more likely to be suspected in patients aged <24 months presenting together with fever and high CRP level in the initial visit. It is also necessary to keep in mind that it indicates not only a possibility of complicated disease status regardless of its association with stones but also a difficulty of applying a minimal invasive procedure and relatively increased length of hospital stay.