• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.15-20
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• 1991

In this paper, we have investigated the effect of organic additives and prestressed D C. voltage on the impulse tree initiation in low density polyethylene. The five klnds of organic compounds was selected for the purpose of inhibiting tree initiation and 10 wt % of each additive was mixed in low density polyethylene. The positive or negative impulse voltage was applied after prestressed D.C. voltage was applied in order to investigate the effect of the space charge influenced on tree initiation. The lengths of tree initiation in case of belng same polarity between prestressed D.C. voltage and impulse voltage were longer than those in case of being different polarity between prestressed D.C. voltage and impulse voltage. When the polarity prestressed D.C. voltage was the different plarity of impulse voltage, the length of tree initiation increased with increasing the prestressed D.C. voltage and decreasing the rest time Among the organic additives used in this paper, the m-cresol can be shown to be the most effective inhibiter to tree initiation.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.34 no.1 s.132
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• pp.86-90
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• 2003

For the determination of inhibiting cytochrome P450(CYP)3A4 activity, an improvement HPLC method was established by using a new internal standard and solvent system. Moreover, CYP3A4 amount for a optimum reaction of enzyme was determined by a comparative study with a variety concentration of enzyme. Using a established method, inhibitory effect of CYP3A4 that is drug metabolizing enzyme Investigated on EtOAc extracts of 5-class spices. As a result of experiment, EtOAc extract of white pepper (Piper nigrum L.) showed strong inhibitory activity. On a continuous experiment, the fraction 2, 4 and 5 of while pepper extract showed remarkable inhibitory activity. Pipeline, a main constituent of pepper was not included in these fraction. It is suggested that major compounds for the inhibitory activity of white pepper may be other ingredient that is not piperine.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.51-56
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• 2001

To evaluate the arsenic effect of fish endocrine disruption, crucian carp (Carassius auratus) were treated with 0.5 mg/L and 3.0 mg/L of As$_2$O$_3$ for 14 days and gonadal development was examined by histological analysis. In ovaries from female crucial carps exposed to 3.0 mg/L, immature follicles and atretic follicles were appeared while various normal developmental stages of oocytes were shown in control group. Body weight and Gonadosomatic Index (GSI) of treated carp were also decreased compared to control group. However, no other significant histological changes in liver or kidney were shown in this exposure scheme. This means that reproductive organs are more sensitive than other organs and arsenic may exert endocrine disrupting effect through inhibiting the development of reproductive organ in fish.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.431-443
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• 2013

Sulfur content of diesel fuel has been cut down to under 10 ppm ULSD (ultra low sulfur diesel) level by environmental regulation with the aim of reducing exhaust emissions. This review discusses the methods and principles of sulfur reduction in diesel and presents an overview of new approaches for ultra-deep desulfurization. The deep HDS (hydrodesulfurization) problems of diesel streams is exacerbated by the inhibiting effect of co-existing aromatics, nitrogen compounds and $H_2S$. The new approaches to deep desulfurization includes non-HDS type processing schemes such as adsorptive, extractive and oxidative desulfurization.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.434-438
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• 1990

The methanolic extract of the root-bark of Morus alba L.(Mulberry tree) has the potent antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans. Its active component was identified to be sanggenon C. The active component had stronger anti-bacterial activity than berberine, having minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) of $25\;{\mu}g/ml$. Moreover, the inhibitory effect of this component on the cellular adherence of Streptococcus mutans to glass surfaces also was more remarkable than that of berberine in the presence of glucosyltransferase(GTase) and sucrose in vitro. These results indicate that sanggenon C may play an important role in inhibiting plaque formation and caries incidence.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.349-356
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• 2002

The present study was performed to examine the effect of fangchinoline, a bis- benzylisoquinoline alkaloid, which exhibits the characteristics of a $Ca^{2+}$ channel blocker, on cyanide-induced neurotoxicity using cultured rat cerebellar granule neurons. NaCN produced a concentration-dependent reduction of cell viability, which was blocked by MK-801, an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, verapamil, L-type$Ca^{2+}$channel blocker, and L-NAME, a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor. Pretreatment with fangchinoline over a concentration range of 0.1 to 10 $\mu$M significantly decreased the NaCN-induced neuronal cell death, glutamate release into medium, and elevation of $[Ca^{2+}]_i$ and oxidants generation. These results suggest that fangchinoline may mitigate the harmful effects of cyanide-induced neuronal cell death by interfering with $[Ca^{2+}]_i$influx, due to its function as a $Ca^{2+}$ channel blocker, and then by inhibiting glutamate release and oxidants generation.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.53-58
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• 1974

A number of antibiotics and organic compounds were tested for their effect on the multoplication of tobacco mosaic virus(TMV) in floating leaf discs. 1)Among six antibiotics tested, kanamycin sulfate showed 24% or more inhibition to TMV multiplication under these experimental conditions. Aureomycin hydrochloride and chloramphenicol showed 19% and 14% inhibition respectively. 2)For screening of organic compounds two environments were used, a diffuse day- light environment (25 foot-candles and laboratory temperature) and an artificial light environment for 12 hours per day(300 foot-candles at 4 to $5^{\circ}C above laboratory temperature). A wide range of organic compounds increased virus multoplication in the diffuse daylight environment but had less effect, or ingibited virus multiplication, in the artificial light environment. 3)The following compounds were among the most effective in increasing TMV multiplication: glucose-1-phosphate, L-aspartic acid, glucose, and 5-bromouracil. The following compoumds were most effective in inhibiting TMT multiplication: thiouracil, uracil, DL-isoleucine, L-leucine, and zinc chloride.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.57-69
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• 2002

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of Injin butanol fractions with Thin Layer Chromatography on Fas-mediated Apoptosis. Method: Injin-butanol fraction separated by TLC. MIT assay, cell cycle analysis, Caspase-3 protease assay, DNA fragmentation assay and quantitative RT-PCR were performed to evaluate the effects of TLC extraction of lnjin-butanol fraction on cell viability, cell cycle progression and apoptosis. Results: Scopoletin, luteolin, apigenin and unknown powder was isolated by TLC. Fas-mediated apoptosis analysis shows that scopoletin has inhibiting function on apoptosis. Caspase- 3 protease assay analysis shows that scopoletin inhibits activity of caspase-3. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis shows that no activity on caspase-3, but apoptosis inhibition cytokine -Bcl-2- is activated, and apoptosis activating cytokine -Bax- is unactivated. Conclusion: These results show that each fraction of Injin-butanol TLC extraction, especially scopoletin, acts as a protective function on liver cell viability, and inhibitory function on apoptosis. (J Korean Oriental Moo 2002;23(2):57-69)

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2004

Fresh ground beef was mixed with ascorbic acid, basil essential oil, majoram essential oil, or each essential oil combined with ascorbic acid and stored at 1 $\pm$ 1$^{\circ}C$ for 7 days. Color, lipid oxidation (TBARS formation), aerobic bacterial counts and pH were determined. Basil and majoram essential oils were effective in inhibiting color deterioration, lipid oxidation and bacterial growth. The combined addition of basil and ascorbic acid showed the highest protection against color fading, followed by majoram + ascorbic acid, and ascorbic acid alone. Basil and majoram essential oils were most effective in delaying TBARS formation (p < ().01). Ascorbic acid did not exert an antioxidative effect and even exhibited a pro-oxidant effect. The pH values of all samples increased slightly, but no significant differences were observed, either among treatments or throughout the storage time (p > 0.05).

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.13 no.1_2
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• pp.23-28
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• 1979

The following results were drawn from the experiment conducted to see the effect of ginseng alcohol extract on the mitochondrial oxidation of the rat liver. 1) Mitochondrial oxygen consumption increased in the low concentration and decreased in the high concentration of ginseng alcohol extract. 2) When the mitochondria was destroyed mechanically or was swollen by low concentration of $AgNO_3$, mitochondrial oxygen consumption was inhibited in all concentration of ginseng alcohol extract. 3) Oxygen consumption of intact mitochondria increased in the low concentration but decreased in the high concentration of sodium deoxycholate. 4) Ginseng alcohol extract inhibited cytochrome oxidase activities of liver mitochondria. These results suggest that low concentration of ginseng alcohol extract activates the oxygen consumption of liver mitochondria by increasing the permeability of the mitochondrial membrane and high concentration of the extract inhibit the oxygen consumption by inhibiting the enzyme activity related to respiration.