• Journal of Urban Science
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.7-14
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• 2019

Recently, interest in solar energy, which is the center of new government energy policy, is increasing. However, the focus is on mass production of solar power plants, and policies and related technologies for maintenance and management of existing installed PV modules are insufficient. In this study, we use UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) to acquire RGB and infrared images, apply it to the structure-from-motion (SfM) based image analysis tool, model the three- And the position of the hot spot was monitored and coordinates were detected. As a result, it is possible to provide basic spatial information for maintenance of solar module by monitoring and position detection of hot-spot suspected solar cells by superimposing infrared image and RGB image based on unmanned aerial vehicle.

• Medical Lasers
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.214-219
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• 2021

Background and Objectives To evaluate the difference in near-infrared (810 nm) laser energy transmission through teeth with and without cracks. Materials and Methods Extracted teeth were sectioned and examined visually for the presence of cracks with the aid of photographs and a trans-illuminator. Fourteen sections, each with cracks (Group A) and no cracks (Group B) were identified and placed 15 mm from the tip of a 300 micron fiber, prior to activation with an 810 nm diode laser (0.1W, 50 ms interval,100 ms duration). A power meter positioned behind the tooth recorded the average energy that was transmitted through the samples. Unpaired t-test analysis was used to determine if the tooth sections with cracks allowed higher power passage compared to sound teeth. Results The mean power recording for the cracked teeth (Group A) was significantly greater (p = 0.0005) than that for the non-cracked teeth (Group B). Conclusion Within the limitations of this study, it is evident that significantly higher laser energy passes through teeth with cracks in comparison to teeth without cracks. A recent clinical study has also shown that lasers could be used to assess symptomatic cracked teeth. Hence, further research is required to determine the relative increase in energy required to identify symptomatic cracked teeth.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.279-283
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• 2008

Blood soil and the mixture of blood soil, elvan soil and, silica soil materials were molded, then they were sintered in $1100^{\circ}C$ and were used for the emission of the far infrared ray boll. The emission from the manufactured bolls was relatively high in the range of $8{\sim}12{\mu}m$ wavelength each. The elution of minerals from mixture bolls was very low, but the elimination of heavy metal cadmium ion in activated water and energy water treated with mixture bolls was very high. Activated water and energy water had a high to the UV protected ability in comparison to drinking water.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Near Infrared Spectroscopy Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.1251-1251
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• 2001

The routine analysis of milk chemical components is of major importance both for the management of animals in dairy farms and for quality control in dairy industries. NIRS technology is an analytical technique which greatly simplifies this routine. One of the most critical aspects in NIRS analysis of milk is sample preparation and analysis modes which should be fast and straightforward. An important difficulty when obtaining NIR spectra of milk is the high water content (80 to 90%) of this product, since water absorbs most of the infrared radiation, and, therefore, limits the accuracy of calibrating for other constituents. To avoid this problem, the DESIR system was set up. Other ways of radiation-sample interaction adapted for liquids or semi-liquids exist, which are practically instantaneous and with limited or null necessity of sample preparation: Transmission and Folded Transmission or Transflectance. The objective of the present work is to compare the precision and accuracy of milk calibration equations in two analysis modes: Reflectance (dry milk) and Folded Transmission (liquid milk). A FOSS-NIR Systems 6500 I spectrophotometer (400-2500 nm) provided with a spinning module was used. Two NIR spectroscopic methods for milk analysis were compared: a) folded transmission: liquid milk samples in a 0.1 pathlength sample cell (ref. IH-0345) and b) reflectance: dried milk samples in glass fibre filters placed in a standard ring cell. A set of 101 milk samples was used to develop the calibration equations, for the two NIR analysis modes, to predict casein, protein, fat and dry matter contents, and 48 milk samples to predict Somatic Cell Count (SCC). The calibrations obtained for protein, fat and dry matter have an excellent quantitative prediction power, since they present $r^2$ values higher than 0.9. The $r^2$ values are slightly lower for casein and SCC (0.88 and 0.89 respectively), but they still are sufficiently high. The accuracy of casein, protein and SCC equations is not affected by the analysis modes, since their ETVC values are very similar in reflectance and folded transmission (0.19% vs 0.21%; 0.16% vs 0.19% and 55.57% vs 53.11% respectively), Lower SECV values were obtained for the prediction of fat and dry matter with the folded transmission equations (0.14% and 0.25% respectively) compared to the results with the reflectance ones (0.43% and 0.34% respectively). In terms of accuracy and speed of analytical response, NIRS analysis of liquid milk is recommended (folded transmission), since the drying procedure takes 24 hours. However, both analysis modes offer satisfactory results.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.370-373
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• 2005

We have developed Hybrid algorithm for yellow sand detection. Hybrid algorithm is composed of three methods using infrared bands. The first method used the differential absorption in brightness temperature difference between $11\mu m\;and\;12\mu m$ (BID _1), through which help distinguish the yellow sand from various meteorological clouds. The second method uses the brightness temperature difference between $3.7\mu m\;and\;11\mu m$ (BID_2). The technique would be most sensitive to dust loading during the day when the BID _2 is enhanced by reflection of $3.7\mu m$ solar radiation. The third one is a newly developed algorithm from our research, the so-called surface temperature variation method (STY). We have applied the three methods to MODIS for derivation of the yellow sand dust and in conjunction with the Principle Component Analysis (PCA), a form of eigenvector statistical analysis. PCI shows better results for yellow sand detection in comparison with the results from individual method. The comparison between PCI and MODIS aerosols optical depth (AOD) shows remarkable good correlations during daytime and relatively good correlations over the land.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.535-544
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• 2003

The sensitivity analysis of a middle wave infrared optical system with 20: 1 zoom ratio is performed to analyze manufacturing and alignment tolerances, and to establish the alignment logic and the focus control strategy. The characteristics of the sensitivities of Zernike coefficients are investigated to all mechanical displacements and several zoom positions using Code-V Macro. From this result, the tolerances of manufacturing and alignment of the optical system are derived and the effective alignment logic is established. Futhermore, an effective focus control strategy is established to make the system simple and compact.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.84-91
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• 2005

In this paper, we describe the real-time parallel processing simulator developed for the use of performance analysis of rolling missiles. The real-time parallel processing simulator developed here consists of seeker emulator generating infrared image signal on aircraft, real-time computer, host computer, system unit, and actual equipments such as auto-pilot processor and seeker processor. Software is developed from mathematic models, 6 degree-of-freedom module, aerodynamic module which are resided in real-time computer, and graphic user interface program resided in host computer. The real-time computer consists of six TIC-40 processors connected in parallel. The seeker emulator is designed by using analog circuits coupled with mechanical equipments. The system unit provides interface function to match impedance between the components and processes very small electrical signals. Also real launch unit of missiles is interfaced to simulator through system unit. In order to apply the real-time parallel processing simulator to performance analysis equipment of rolling missiles it is essential to perform the performance verification test of simulator.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.25 no.1B
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• pp.112-119
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• 2000

A two-color infrared (IR) seeker employs two detection-bands for efficient target tracking under countermeasures and background noises. This paper describes a study on the detection-band selections for the two-color seeker. To select the detection-bands, we analysis infrared radiation characteristics of a target, a flare, and background noises and then other characteristics closely related with the received power, such as the atmospheric transmission, acquisition range, background noise effect, and signal-to-noises. The analysis shows that the pertinent bands of two-color IR seeker are 3 um~5 um for target detection and 1.5 um~l.7 um for counter-countermeasures. The results of our study will play a significant role in the further study of two-color seekers.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.6-12
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• 2004

Near-infrared spectra of methanol-water mixtures and acetonitrile-water mixtures were acquired to find interactions between solvents widely used for reverse-phase liquid chromatography. Mixtures were prepared to give a series of increasing mole fractions of methanol or acetonitrile in water. Data matrices of acquired spectra were analyzed to determine the proper number of principal components of each mixture system using Malinowski's factor indicator function. Initial guess of score matrix and loading matrix were calculated by nonlinear iterative partial least squares (NIPALS) algorithm for faster computation. Iterative target transform factor analysis (ITTFA) was applied to convert the initial estimation of score matrix to true concentration profile and loading matrix to pure spectra of pure components of the mixtures. In case of methanol-water the number of principal components was found to be 4 and those initial guess of factors were converted to the pure spectra of water methanol and two kinds of complexes. In case of acetonitrile-water the number of pure components of the mixtures was found to be 3 and the pure spectrum of acetonitrile-water complex was found. The nonlinear characteristics of concentration profiles of complexes in the solvent mixtures may give a good criteria in understanding their elution characteristics in reverse-phase liquid chromatogrsphy.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.49.1-49.1
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• 2013

We have been carrying out near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy as well as [Fe II] narrow band imaging observations of Cassiopeia A supernova remnant (SNR). In this presentation, we describe the spectral classification of the iron knots around the SNR. From eight long-slit spectroscopic observations for the iron-bright shell, we identified a total of 61 iron knots making use of a clump-finding algorithm, and performed principal component analysis in an attempt to spectrally classify the iron knots. Three major components have emerged from the analysis; (1) Iron-rich, (2) Helium-rich, and (3) Sulfur-rich groups. The Helium-rich knots have low radial velocities (${\mid}v_r{\mid}$ < 100 km/s) and radiate strong He I and [Fe II] lines, that match well with Quasi-Stationary Flocculi (QSFs) of circumstellar medium, while the Sulfur-rich knots show strong lines of oxygen burning materials with large radial velocity up to +2000 km/s, which imply that they are supernova ejecta (i.e. Fast-Moving Knots). The Iron-rich knots have intermediate characteristics; large velocity with QSF-like spectra. We suggest that the Iron-rich knots are missing "pure" iron materials ejected from the inner most region of the progenitor and now encountering the reverse shock.