• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.295-304
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• 2017

This study compared and analyzed the construction of a land use change matrix for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) land use, land use change, and forestry area (LULUCF). We used National Forest Inventory (NFI) permanent sample plots (with a sample intensity of 4 km) and permanent sample plots with 500 m sampling intensity. The land use change matrix was formed using the point sampling method, Level-2 Land Cover Maps, and forest aerial photographs (3rd and 4th series). The land use change matrix using the land cover map indicated that the annual change in area was the highest for forests and cropland; the cropland area decreased over time. We evaluated the uncertainty of the land use change matrix. Our results indicated that the forest land use, which had the most sampling, had the lowest uncertainty, while the grassland and wetlands had the highest uncertainty and the least sampling. The uncertainty was higher for the 4 km sampling intensity than for the 500 m sampling intensity, which indicates the importance of selecting the appropriate sample size when constructing a national land use change matrix.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2004년도 학술대회지
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• pp.810-813
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• 2004

In this paper, a background initialization for video surveillance proposed. The proposed algorithm is that the background images are sampled n frames during ${\Delta}t$ All Sampling frames are divided by $M{\times}N$ size block every frame. Average values of pixels for same location block of the sampling frames during ${\Delta}t$t are taken. then the maximum intensity $\alpha$ and the minimun intensity $\beta$ is obtained, respecticely. The intial by $M{\times}N$ size block, then average intensity $\eta$ of pixels for the block is obtained. If the average intensity $\eta$ is out of the initial range of the background image, it is decided the moving object image, and if the average intensity $\eta$ is included in the initial range of the background image. it is decided the background image. To examine the propriety of the proposed algorithm in this paper, the accuracy and robustness evaluation results for human and car in the indoor and outdoor enviroment. the error rate of the proposed method is less than the existing methods and the extraction rate of the proposed method is better than the existing methods.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SP
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.10-15
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• 2011

히스토그램 평활화 방법은 영상의 대조비를 개선시키는 효과적인 방법이다. 하지만 이 방법은 과도한 대조비 향상이나 잡음을 증폭시키는 것과 같은 의도하지 않은 결함을 발생시킬 수 있다. 이러한 결함은 히스토그램 평활화 방법에서 사용되는 명암도 변환 함수를 조절함으로써 감소시킬 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 명암도 변환 함수를 조절하는 문제를 변분법을 사용하여 접근하였다. 이를 위하여 범함수를 정의하고 그 범함수를 최소화하여 명암도 변환 함수를 계산한다. 제안하는 방법을 적용하여 얻은 명암도 변환 함수를 사용하면 눈에 보이는 결함 없이 영상의 대조비를 개선시킬 수 있음을 실험결과로부터 확인할 수 있다.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.136-142
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• 2013

Purpose: The application of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is beneficial for joint movements, inhibition of spasticity, and the improvement of walking ability in patients with chronic hemiplegia. This study aimed to identify the effect of the application of TENS to the knee extensor on the affected side with respect to postural-sway distance and velocity during the sit-to stand movement. Methods: We included 19 patients with post-stroke hemiplegia in this study. They underwent measurements during the sit-to stand movement on a force plate with 5 different stimulation dosages applied over 7 s:No TENS, high-frequency and high intensity TENS, high-frequency and low intensity TENS, low-frequency and high intensity TENS, and low-frequency and low intensity TENS The 5 different condition were administered in random order. Results: The group that received TENS application exhibited a significant decrease in path length and average velocity of center of pressure (COP) displacement compared with the group that did not receive TENS application. TENS dosage at low frequency (3Hz) and high intensity yielded a significant decrease in path length, average velocity, mediolateral distance and anteroposterior distance of COP displacement (p<0.05). Conclusion: Our results demonstrated the effectiveness of the application of low-frequency TENS on STS performance. These findings provide useful information on the application of TENS for the reduction of postural sway during the sit-to-stand movement after stroke.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제23권6_2호
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• pp.1103-1110
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• 2020

In this study, a segmented model with Upside-Down bathtub shaped failure intensity for a repairable system are proposed under the assumption that the occurrences of the failures of a repairable system follow the Non-Homogeneous Poisson Process. The proposed segmented model is the compound model of S-PLP and LIP (Segmented Power Law Process and Logistic Intensity Process), that fits the separate failure intensity functions on each segment of time interval. The maximum likelihood estimation is used for estimating the parameters of the S-PLP and LIP model. The case study of system A shows that the S-PLP and LIP model fits better than the other models when compared by AICc (Akaike Information Criterion corrected) and MSE (Mean Squared Error). And it also implies that the S-PLP and LIP model can be useful for explaining the failure intensities of similar systems.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.119-128
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• 2005

This study was carried out to obtain fundamental information of growth response of interior landscape plants under a fluorescent lighting, a sunlight at indoor. Ficus elastica Roxb. vu. decora Hort, Spathiphyllum 'Clevelandii', Codiaeum variegatum Blume var. pictum Mvell. Arg. 'Exalant' and Cordyline terminalis Kunth var. red edge Hort were examined under 100lux, 500lux, 1,000lux and 2,000lux light intensity consisted of fluorescent lighting and sunlight at indoor condition. Result of experiments are as follows; 1. A Ficus elastica Roxb. var. decora Hort plant growth status was better showed under fluorescent lighting than sunlight. A plant growth status showed the best result under 2,000lux light intensity of fluorescent lighting in cases of all conditions. 2. A Spathiphyllum 'Clevelandii' showed the best effective adaptations under law intensity among experimental plants. A Spathiphyllum 'Clevelandii', plant growth status was better showed under fluorescent lighting than sunlight. A plant growth status showed the best result under 1,000lux light intensity of fluorescent lighting in cases of all conditions. 3. It need the best high establishment of fluorescent lighting among experimental plants for good plant growth. A Codiaeum variegatum Blume var. pictum Mvell. Arg. 'Exalant' plant growth status was better showed under fluorescent lighting than sunlight. A plant growth status was better showed under high light intensity in case of same light source. A plant growth status showed the best result under 2,000lux light intensity of fluorescent lighting. 4. A Cordyline terminalis Kunth var. red edge Hort plant growth status was better showed under fluorescent lighting than sunlight. but, A plant growth status was better showed under $500lux\sim1,000lux$ than 2,000lux in cases of all intensity of fluorescent lighting. while, A plant growth status was better showed under $1,000lux\sim2,000lux$ in cases of all intensity of sunlight.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국컴퓨터정보학회 2013년도 제48차 하계학술발표논문집 21권2호
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• pp.111-113
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• 2013

엘리베이터 내부에서는 흡연이나 음주 등 사회적으로 폐가되는 행동은 금지되어 있다. 승강기 내에서 흡연을 하는 것은 상도덕에 어긋나는 일이며 자라는 우리 아이들과 여성들에게 매우 치명적일 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 승강기 내에서 흡연을 하는 사람을 추출하여 포렌식 증거 자료로 제출하기 위해서이다. 방법은 흰색 막대를 입에 물거나, 연기를 내품는 사람을 추출하는 것이다. 방법은 장면 전환 검출에서 평균 명암 측정 방법으로 추출한다.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.124-132
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• 2008

In this paper, a dynamical filter called the Highest Probability Data Association Filter(HPDAF) improved by adding target feature information is proposed for robust target detection and tracking in clutter. IIR contains 2-dimensional kinematic coordinate, intensity, and feature information. In data association of the HPDAF for track initiation, feature information is utilized in addition to coordinate and intensity information. The performance of the proposed HPDA algorithm is tested and compared with the conventional HPDAF algorithm for track initiation by a series of Monte Carlo simulation runs for a 3-dimensional missile-target engagement. scenario.

• 전자공학회논문지
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• 제52권11호
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• pp.137-146
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• 2015

본 논문에서는 명암과 움직임에 따른 다양한 특징점들을 이용하여 포트홀 검출하는 방법을 제안한다. 포트홀 검출 방법은 명암과 움직임에 따라 각각 분할되는 단계와 상호 특징점들의 값에 따라 검출이 결정되는 단계로 이루어진다. 명암을 이용한 분할은 히스토그램을 이용한 이진화 방법을 사용하여 포트홀과 주변 영역을 구분한다. 움직임을 이용한 분할은 먼저 움직임의 변화가 있는 영역을 구분하기 위하여 high pass filtering을 한 후 standard deviation 값을 얻는다. 그리고 도로 촬영 각도, 높이, 속도 등에 따른 움직임 크기를 조정하기 위하여 regression값으로 나눈다. 히스토그램 기반 이진화를 이용하여 이진 영상으로 만든다. 포트홀을 검출하는 결정에서는 후보 영역과 배경 영역과의 특징점들의 비교를 통해서 후보 영역이 포트홀 여부를 판단한다. 실험 결과, 제안하는 방법이 기존 포트홀 검출 방법 보다 향상된 결과를 보이고 포트홀과 유사한 형태들과 구분하는 향상된 결과를 보인다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제26권7호
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• pp.972-980
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• 2022

영상을 이용한 기계학습 기반의 나비 종 인식 기술은 나비 종의 다양성 및 개체 수, 종의 서식 분포 등을 파악하는데 관련 분야 종사자의 많은 시간과 비용 감소의 효과를 가져온다. 나비 종 분류의 정확성과 시간 효율을 높이기 위해 기계학습 모델의 입력으로 사용되는 여러 가지 특징들이 연구되었다. 그중 엔트로피 개념을 이용한 가지 길이 유사성 엔트로피나 색채 강도 엔트로피 방법이 푸리에 변환이나 웨이블릿 등 다른 특징들에 비해 높은 정확성과 적은 학습 시간을 보여주었다. 본 논문은 나비의 컬러 영상에 대한 RGB 색채 강도 엔트로피를 이용한 특징 추출 알고리즘을 제안한다. 또한 제안한 특징 추출 방법과 대표적인 앙상블 모델들을 결합한 나비 인식 시스템을 개발하고 성능을 평가한다.