• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.119-134
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• 2004

This research investigates the rising new role of mileage system as private e-money in a exploratory study. The key research questions are "How does mileage system evolve with expansion of e-business and what are the cases for real experiences in 'money-like' mileage and their implications?" This research focuses on the proposition that mileage points created in commercial transactions as a royalty program are observed to serve a new role as payment tool. In an attempt to identify factors that determine mileage system as private money, we employ three factors: confidence, transaction cost, and monetary freedom. Also, this research proposes a direction for further research and follow-up studies to establish legal and institutional issues and the relevant architecture, all of which are essential elements to make the mileage points global money with a certain trade ratio in the near future.

• Proceedings of the Korea Association of Information Systems Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.444-453
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• 2004

This research investigates the rising new role of mileage system as private e-money in a exploratory study. The key research questions are 'How does mileage system evolve with expansion of e-business and what are the cases for real experiences in 'money-like' mileage and their implications?' This research focuses on the proposition that mileage points created in commercial transactions as a royalty program are observed to serve a new role as payment tool. In an attempt to identify factors that determine mileage system as private money, we employ three factors: confidence, transaction cost, and monetary freedom. Also, this research proposes a direction for further research and follow-up studies to establish legal and institutional issues and the relevant architecture, all of which are essential elements to make the mileage points global money with a certain trade ratio in the near future.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.154-162
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• 2020

We studies show that ratio of corpse among cremated bodies in public cremation facilities in metropolitan cities using E-Haneul funeral information system is average 90.1%, which is high, in bigger metropolitan cities with over 2 million of population (Incheon, Busan, and Daegu), but is average 81.4%, which is relatively low, in smaller metropolitan cities with less than 2 million of population(Daejeon, Gwangju, and Ulsan). In addition, the cremated bodies ratio of opening remains is average 17.4% in smaller metropolitan cities with less than 2 million of population, but is average 8.9% in those with over 2 million of population, which is relatively low. Finally, the cremated bodies ratio of dead fetuses is average 1.2% in smaller metropolitan cities with less than 2 million of population, and average 1.0% in those with over 2 million of population, which is low. Based on the above result, we are the following suggestions to improve the effectiveness of funeral facility use by the increase of demand for public cremation facilities in metropolitan cities. First, Busan and Daegu, where the shortage of supply is expected due to the increase of demand for cremation of corpse, need to implement supply expansion policy of public cremation facilities to build or expand cremation furnaces. Second, Daejeon, Gwangju, and Ulsan, where the cremated bodies ratio of corpse is low, need to expand supply through expanded operation from existing 4~8 cremation numbers of public cremation facilities to 11 cremation numbers, which is the level of Seoul Metropolitan City. Third, there should be cremation furnaces exclusively for opening remains to prepare the increase of demand for opening remains in the years with leap month.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.671-673
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• 2016

In image data, noise occurs due to various external factors in the process of obtaining and transmitting. There are various types of noise according to the cause and form and research to remove this noise is being continued. Therefore the study suggested a way to filter to restore images damaged by salt and pepper noise which preserves non-noise signal and processes noise signal by expanding mask size according to the local mask noise density. In addition, as an objective evaluation standard of improvements, the study used PSNR(peak signal to noise ratio) to compare with previous methods.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.23-33
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• 2009

Satellite image is very usefully practiced to predict and analyze physical expansion and change of city. Physical expansion and change of city is closely related to the use of land, and continuous growth management focused on the use of land is essential for sustainable city growth. In this research, the change of land cover and land-use were analyzed with basic input data from 1985 to 2000 according to artificial satellite. Moreover, the land-use turnover rate was understood and expansion trend of urban sprawl in Busan metropolitan city and land-use characteristics of the expansion area. The results are, first, the area for urban region was expanded continuously but areas for agriculture area, forest area, and water area had different changes due to administrative district reform of Busan by each year. Second, the urbanization area in Busan was increased by 3.8% from $92.5km^2$ in 1985 to $167.5km^2$ in 2000. Third, the result of analysis on land-use turnover rate showed that agriculture area was turned into urbanized area the most, and forest area was followed by. Fourth, the result of analysis on database and overlay of buildings in Busan established in 2001 showed that agriculture area are had type 1 and 2 neighborhood living facilities (45.63%), apartment house in forest area (18.49%), and factory in water area (31.84%) with high ratio.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.178-180
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• 2004

질의 응답(Question Answering) 시스템은 질의에서 요구하는 정답 유형(Answer tyype) 및 질의에 사용된 용어를 적용하여 보다 정확한 답을 추출하고자 한다. 그러나 질의에 사용된 용어들이 문서의 정답문장에 그대로 사용되지 않고 같은 의미의 다른 어휘로 출현하기도 하며, 혹은 다른 문법적 정보를 가진 카테고리로 등장하여 정답 추출에 어려움이 따른다. 따라서, 본 논문은 질의별 카테고리 개념 리스트를 구축하여 효과적인 의미적 질의 확장 방법론을 제안한다. 제안된 방법은 먼저 질문 문장의 패턴 린 질의 정보 유형을 파악하여 질의 카테고리 및 카테고리별 개념 리스트를 구축한다. 그런 후 구축된 질의 개념 카테고리 및 리스트를 활용하여 질의 유형을 학습하고, 새로운 질의가 입력되면 해당 개념 카테고리로 분류한 후, 개념 리스트를 기반으로 개념별 질의 확장을 수행한다. 제안된 시스템의 성능 명가를 위하여, TREC-9의 질의와 TREC 문서 중 1991년도 WSJ(Wall Street Journal) 42,654건을 대상으로 실험한 결과 질의 확장을 수행하지 않는 시스템의 경우 MRR(Mean reciprocal ratio) 측정에서 0.223의 결과를 보인 반면 제안된 시스템의 경우 0.50의 향상된 결과를 보였다.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.10
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• pp.137-144
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• 2022

Wireless community networks (WCNs) are considered another form of ownership of internet protocol (IP) networks, where community members manage and own every piece of equipment in a decentralized way, and routing for traffic is done in a cooperative manner. However, the current routing protocols for WCNs suffer from stability and scalability issues. In this paper, an enhanced routing protocol is proposed based on the optimized link state routing (OLSR) protocol to meet the standards of efficiency in terms of stability and scalability. The proposed routing protocol is enhanced through two phases: multicasting expansion and multipoint relay (MPR) selection based on an analytical hierarchical process (AHP). The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed routing protocol outperforms the OLSR protocol in terms of network control overhead and packet delivery ratio by 18% and 1% respectively.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.13 no.11
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• pp.5594-5615
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• 2019

Malicious social robots, which are disseminators of malicious information on social networks, seriously affect information security and network environments. The detection of malicious social robots is a hot topic and a significant concern for researchers. A method based on classification has been widely used for social robot detection. However, this method of classification is limited by an unbalanced data set in which legitimate, negative samples outnumber malicious robots (positive samples), which leads to unsatisfactory detection results. This paper proposes the use of generative adversarial networks (GANs) to extend the unbalanced data sets before training classifiers to improve the detection of social robots. Five popular oversampling algorithms were compared in the experiments, and the effects of imbalance degree and the expansion ratio of the original data on oversampling were studied. The experimental results showed that the proposed method achieved better detection performance compared with other algorithms in terms of the F1 measure. The GAN method also performed well when the imbalance degree was smaller than 15%.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.60 no.6
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• pp.416-423
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• 2023

Recently, the design point of the propeller is gradually changing due to the demand for energy saving and environmental protection. Until recently, self-propulsion model tests were conducted using stock propellers and geometry information was provided to propeller designers, but the range of existing stock propellers did not keep up with the changing design points, and the range of series propellers required in the initial design was also insufficient. Future propeller performance requires high performance and eco-friendliness, and the need for expansion of series propellers has increased. In order to respond to future needs and provide a wide range of advantages in propeller design, KRISO manufactures about 100 series propellers and builds series data through a model tests. In this paper, the approach method for deriving the representative optimal shape to be applied to the 4-blade series propeller in the initial stage of series propeller development was summarized.

• IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing
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• v.2 no.6
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• pp.350-356
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• 2013

Single Carrier Frequency Domain Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) has proven to be the best long term evolution for uplink multiple access because of its low Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR), a feature that leads to low power consumption. This is achievable only if the resource allocation is performed in a contiguous manner. This paper proposes a new approach with an improvement in the global resources allocation. The new approach presented utilizes the gain function, which adopts some of the procedures deduced from the older Recursive Maximum Expansion (RME) algorithm. The experiment proved that the new approach is better than the original RME algorithms and in most cases, is closer to the optimal solution.