• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.223-229
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• 2021

This study investigated the determinants of debt ratio in public institutions. For this purpose, we analyzed the impact of inefficient management as internal factors on debt ratio. In this paper, inefficient management included total costs, payment, and employee benefit. The results of this study are as follows. First, we find that there is a significant positive relation between total costs and debt ratio. This result means that the higher total costs, the higher debt ratio. Second, we find that there is not a significant relation between payment and debt ratio. And we also find that there is not a significant relation between employee benefit and debt ratio. These results are empirical results that can be answers about some concerns that inefficient management of public institutions worsen debt ratio.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.281-284
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• 2000

For estimation manufacturing cost during the early design stage, desingers have to know compositon of manufacturmg cost. Manufacturing cost is summalion of material cost and processmg cost. To be able to control the manufacturmg cost, it is necessary to estimate the costs adequately and to store the cost data in a generic way. a generic system, which is the basis for the control of the production costs, takes into account geometric information, material information, process information and production planning information Manufacturing cost is summation of material cost and processing cost.

• Journal of KIBIM
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.40-48
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• 2017

It only takes one failed project to wipe out an entire year's profit, when the projects are not managed efficiently. Additionally, escalating costs of materials and a competitive local construction market make subcontractors a challenge. Subcontractors have finite resources that should be allocated simultaneously across many projects in a dynamic manner. Significant scheduling problems are posed by concurrent multi-projects with limited resources. The objective of this thesis is to identify the effect of productivity changes on the total cost resulting from shifting crews across projects using a descriptive model. To effectively achieve the objective, this study has developed a descriptive cost model for a subcontractor with multi-resources and multi-projects. The model was designed for a subcontractor to use as a decision-making tool for resources allocation and scheduling. The model identified several factors affecting productivity. Moreover, when the model was tested using hypothetical data, it produced some effective combinations of resource allocation with associated total costs. Furthermore, a subcontractor minimizes total costs by balancing overtime costs, tardiness penalties, and incentive bonus, while satisfying available processing time constraints.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.69-82
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• 2004

The role of switching costs in customer retention has been posited, but has not been subjected to rigorous empirical testing. Therefore, our main focus is on the factors that influence whether consumers will have intention to switch or stay with an incumbent technology (e.g., MS-Windows). Based on consumer survey with MS-Windows users, we find empirical support for the link between the existence of compactible software, consumer's expertise in MS-Windows and intention to stay with MS-Windows. Specifically, switching costs are found to be positively associated with the existence of compatible software. Further, the lack of expertise in MS-Windows on the part of consumers tends to increase the likelihood that they will rely on current MS-Windows, rather than switch to other alternative operating systems.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.3-5
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• 2000

It has been the paradigm of game theory that more than two utilities compete and determine the price and amount of dispatch. In order for this theory to be available on real power system, it is necessary to consider the transmission costs as well as the generation costs. In addition Independent System Operator(ISO) should be able to mitigate the congestion, recover the transmission costs and provide information for long-term capacity investment by devising reasonable pricing schemes for the transmission services. Generators also have to take the transmission costs into account when building the bidding strategies. This paper proposes an approach to analyzing the profit maximizing game considering the transmission cost in a competitive electricity market.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.89-97
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• 2011

Traditional quality control for manufacturing or service sector is not suitable for the quality control of a project as the project is one-time task constrained by time, cost, and quality. To meet the internal and external customers' requirements, quality costs approach to the project will be effective. Hence, we propose PONC (price of nonconformance) estimation procedure and a mathematical model, which are focused on activity-based prevention in the execution step and warranty step of EPLC (extended project life cycle). This procedure and model will help project manager develop preventive action plan for project quality costs minimization from nonconformance risk activities and PONC estimates information.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2015.10a
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• pp.660-661
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• 2015

Building Information Modeling (BIM) is a nascent technology in Korea, and currently lacks formal guidelines to assist Architectural and Engineering (AE) firms in estimating BIM service fees, while also allowing government agencies to allocate budgets for the rendered BIM services. This research provides a method to estimate costs for BIM services based on the cost-plus pricing framework. The approach requires a generalized estimate of the man hour per floor area data to calculate the direct labor costs. Man-hour data were collected from forty five projects that have implemented BIM. Interpolation of the man-hours was performed to develop a general reference table for 'Type 2' (i.e., public schools and office buildings, etc.) projects. By providing an objective approach for estimating the costs of BIM services, it allows clients and AE firms to agree upon a fair cost for BIM related services, and thus expedite its adoption in Korea.

• Journal of KIBIM
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.106-114
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• 2023

In this study, we developed a method to quantify urban social costs using mobile sensing data, providing a novel approach to urban planning. By collecting and analyzing extensive mobile data over time, we transformed travel patterns into measurable social costs. Our findings highlight the effectiveness of big data in urban planning, revealing key correlations between transportation modes and their associated social costs. This research not only advances the use of mobile data in urban planning but also suggests new directions for future studies to enhance data collection and analysis methods.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.153-159
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• 2021

Background: With increasing economic evaluation studies on the treatment of or screening tools for liver diseases that cause hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), interest in the analysis of the medical utilization and costs of HCC treatment is increasing. Therefore, we aimed to estimate the medical utilization and costs of HCC patients, and calculate the cost of main procedures for HCC treatment, including liver transplant (LT), hepatic resection (HR), radiofrequency ablation (RFA), and transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). Methods: We analyzed claim data from January to December 2018 from the Health Insurance and Review and Assessment Service-National Patient Sample (HIRA-NPS-2018) dataset, including data of patients diagnosed with HCC (Korean Standard Classification of Diseases code C22.0) who had at least one inpatient claim for HCC. Results: A total of 715 HCC patients were identified. In 2018, the yearly average medical cost per HCC patient was ₩18,460K (thousand), of which ₩14,870K was attributed to HCC. Among the total medical costs of HCC patients, the inpatient cost accounted for the largest portion of both the total medical and HCC-related costs. The major procedures of HCC treatment occurred most frequently in the order of TACE, RFA, HR, and LT. The average medical cost per treatment episode was the highest for LT (₩87,280K), followed by HR (₩10,026K), TACE (₩4,047K), and RFA (₩2,927K). Conclusion: By identifying the medical costs of HCC patients and the costs of the main procedures of HCC treatment, our results provide basic information that could be utilized for cost estimation in liver disease-related economic evaluation studies.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.175-198
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• 2006

Analyzing the effects of information technology(IT) in the life insurance Industry is important in establishing the direction for future information technology investment. In this research, the cost-elasticity of IT capital stock was measured by the SUR technique, using the second-order translog cost function, which was drawn out by a Taylor expansion of the multi-product joint cost function. Analysis was made based on data from 1991 to 2003 collected from 33 life insurance firms. The results show that although the effects of information technology investment vary according to individual life insurance firms, half of the life insurance firms surveyed reduced their costs by investing in information technology. The research also revealed that although large life insurance firms reduced their costs by investing in information technology medium & small life insurance firms and foreign ,life insurance firms increase their costs. Additionally, although both information capital and information labor increase as the information budget increases, the increase in information capital is larger than one in information labor. Because the price of information capital is decreased rapidly more than one of information-related labor.