• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제60권6호
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• pp.738-748
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• 2017

Objective : We present our experience of microvascular decompression (MVD) for glossopharyngeal neuralgia (GPN) and evaluate the postoperative outcomes in accordance with four different operative techniques during MVD. Methods : In total, 30 patients with intractable primary typical GPN who underwent MVD without rhizotomy and were followed for more than 2 years were included in the analysis. Each MVD was performed using one of four different surgical techniques : interposition of Teflon pieces, transposition of offending vessels using Teflon pieces, transposition of offending vessels using a fibrin-glue-coated Teflon sling, and removal of offending veins. Results : The posterior inferior cerebellar artery was responsible for neurovascular compression in 27 of 30 (90%) patients, either by itself or in combination with other vessels. The location of compression on the glossopharyngeal nerve varied; the root entry zone (REZ) only (63.3%) was most common, followed by both the REZ and distal portion (26.7%) and the distal portion alone (10.0%). In terms of detailed surgical techniques during MVD, the offending vessels were transposed in 24 (80%) patients, either using additional insulation, offered by Teflon pieces (15 patients), or using a fibrin glue-coated Teflon sling (9 patients). Simple insertion of Teflon pieces and removal of a small vein were also performed in five and one patient, respectively. During the 2 years following MVD, 29 of 30 (96.7%) patients were asymptomatic or experienced only occasional pain that did not require medication. Temporary hemodynamic instability occurred in two patients during MVD, and seven patients experienced transient postoperative complications. Neither persistent morbidity nor mortality was reported. Conclusion : This study demonstrates that MVD without rhizotomy is a safe and effective treatment option for GPN.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 1995

1986년 1월부터 1993년 12월까지 8년간 외과적 교정술을 시행한 117 증례에대하여 임상적인 관찰을 시행하였다. 1) 남녀 성비는 1:1.4로 여자가 많았으며 평균연령은 23.0세였다. 2) 악교정수술을 받기위하여 내원한 환자의 진단에 따른 분류를 보면 하악 전들증의 경우가 87증례(75.0%)로 주종을 이루고 있었다. 3) 수술방법중 하악단독수술은 88증례, 상악골 단독수술은 6증례, 상하악 동시이동술은 23증례였으며 이중 하악지 시상골절단술이 사용된 경우가 84증례(71.8%)로 가장 많았다. 4) 골편의 고정을 위하여 강선고정보다 Miniplate나 Screw 를 이용한 고정이 점차 선호되고 있으며 전체수술에서 견고고정의 비율은 66.0%였다. 5) 본 교실에서는 외가적 교정수술 환자를 대상으로 1992년 2월부터 저혈식 자가수혈을 이용하고 있으며 One Jaw surgery 에서는 2 pints, Two Jaw surgery 에서는 3 pints를 준비하고 잇다. 6) 악교정수술의 합병증으로는 하순지각마비등의 신경손상이 전체수술의 63증례(53.8%)로 가장 많았으며 골편의 잘못된 위치, 과두위치보존의 실패, 견고고정의 불안정등이 원인이 되어 5증례에서 재수술을 시행하였다.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.105-109
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• 2005

Purpose: To Analyze the exit site of pin inserted at the anterior glenoid rim in the reconstruction of the Bankart lesion and SLAP lesion using transglenoid suture technique. Materials and Methods: In the twenty adult right cadeveric scapula, insertions of pin were performed using guide at the position of 1, 2, 3 O'clock of glenoid rim. We measured the exit site of dorsal surface of the scapula by medial distance from sagittal plane of lateral border of scapular spine and the vertical distance from posterior border of the scapular spine. Results: When the pin was inserted caudally within 10 degree, at the position of 1, 2, 3 O'clock, the medial distance from lateral border of the scapula is averaged 29.4, 19.2, 34.0 mm respectively and the vertical distance from posterior border of the scapular spine is averaged 15.0, 18.6, 17.2 mm respectively. When the pin was inserted caudally within 20-30 degree, the medial distance is averaged 14.6, 14.2, 15.8 mm respectively and the vertical distance is averaged 31.6, 31.9, 32.1 mm respectively. Conclusion: When the pin was inserted caudally within ten degrees using the guide, the pin exit appeared at the more medial side of the base of scapular spine and the more inferior of scapular spine. This can make the firm suture tied over scapular spine during repair SLAP and the Bankart lesion, and also prevent the injury of suprascapular nerve.

• 대한정형외과학회지
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• 제54권2호
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• pp.100-109
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• 2019

견관절 인공관절 성형술의 빈도가 빠른 속도로 증가함에 따라 일차적 인공관절 성형술과 관련된 다양한 형태의 합병증이 발생하고, 이로 인해 재치환술 역시 증가하고 있는 추세이다. 견관절 인공관절 재치환술은 여러 원인에 의해 발생되는 것으로 알려져 있는데 일차적 인공관절 성형술 후 나타난 회전근 개 파열, 관절와 상완 관절의 불안정성, 관절와 또는 상완골 치완물의 해리, 인공 치환물의 실패, 치환물 주위 골절, 감염 등이 있다. 재치환술은 술기적으로 어려운 과제이다. 실패한 견관절 인공관절 성형술은 해결할 수 있는 외과적 선택이 많지 않다. 특히 관절와 골 결손 또는 봉합 불가능한 회전근 개 파열이 있는 경우에는 더욱 어렵다. 또한 재치환술의 결과는 일차적 성형술의 결과에 비해 항상 좋지 않다. 결국 외과의는 수술을 결정하기 전에 일차적 인공관절 성형술이 실패한 원인을 잘 파악하여야 한다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 실패한 일차적 인공관절 성형술 후 재치환술의 적응증에 대해 살펴보고 실패의 원인에 따른 재치환술의 술기에 대해 논의하고자 한다.

• 대한관절경학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.99-103
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• 2007

목적: 이 연구의 목적은 전방 십자 인대 재건술 후 발생한 감염 환자에서 이식건을 보존하고 치료한 저자들의 결과를 후향적으로 분석하여 보고하는 것이다. 대상 및 방법: 2000년 1월부터 2005년 12월까지 시행한 511예의 전방 십자 인대 재건술 중 감염의 합병증이 있었던 5예(0.97%)를 대상으로 하였다. 전 예에서 전방 십자 인대를 보존한 상태에서 세척술과 활액막 절제술, 항생제 투여로 치료하였다. 결과: 평균 추시기간은 34개월이었다. 감염이 재발된 예는 없었다. International Knee Documentation Committee 평가 기준상 거의 정상의 결과를 보인 예가 2예, 비정상의 결과를 보인 예가 3예였다. KT-2000 관절계를 이용한 최대 도수 부하 검사 상 전방 불안정성을 보인 예는 없었다. 결론: 저자들은 전방 십자 인대 재건술 후 감염 발생시 전방 십자 인대를 보존하고 치료하여 감염의 재발이 없었다.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.216-221
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• 2001

Objective: To compare, in terms of their demonstration of tears of the anterior glenoid labrum, oblique axial MR arthrography obtained with the patient's shoulder in the abduction and external rotation (ABER) position, with conventional axial MR arthrography obtained with the patient's arm in the neutral position. Materials and Methods: MR arthrography of the shoulder, including additional oblique axial sequences with the patient in the ABER position, was performed in 30 patients with a clinical history of recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation. The degree of anterior glenoid labral tear or defect was evaluated in both the conventional axial and the ABER position by two radiologists. Decisions were reached by consensus, and a three-point scale was used: grade 1=normal; grade 2=probable tear, diagnosed when subtle increased signal intensity in the labrum was apparent; grade 3=definite tear/defect, when a contrast material-filled gap between the labrum and the glenoid rim or deficient labrum was present. The scores for each imaging sequence were averaged and to compare conventional axial and ABER position scans, Student's t test was performed. Results: In 21 (70%) of 30 patients, the same degree of anterior instability was revealed by both imaging sequences. Eight (27%) had a lower grade in the axial position than in the ABER position, while one (3%) had a higher grade in the axial position. Three whose axial scan was grade 1 showed only equivocal evidence of tearing, but their ABER-position scan, in which a contrast material-filled gap between the labrum and the glenoid rim was present, was grade 3. The average grade was 2.5 (SD=0.73) for axial scans and 2.8 (SD=0.46) for the ABER position. The difference between axial and ABER-position scans was statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: MR arthrography with the patient's shoulder in the ABER position is more efficient than conventional axial scanning in revealing the degree of tear or defect of the anterior glenoid labrum. When equivocal features are seen at conventional axial MR arthrography, oblique axial imaging in the ABER position is helpful.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.3-16
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• 1974

One of the disadvantages of. wood and wood products is their hydroscopicity or dimensional instability. This is responsible for the loss of green volume of lumber as seasoning degrade. Dimensional stabilization is needed to substantially reduce seasoning defects and degrades and for increasing the serviceability of wood products. Recently, considerable world-wide attention has been drawn to the so-called Wood-Plastic Composites by irradiation-and heat-catalyst-polymerization methods and many research and developmental works have been reported. Wood-Plastic Composites are the new products having the superior mechanical and physical properties and the combinated characteristics of wood and plastic. The purpose of this experiment was to obtain the basic data for the improvement of wooden materials by manufacturing WPC. The species examined were Mulpurae-Namoo (Fraxinus, rhynchophylla), Sea-Namoo (Carpinus laxiflora), Cheungcheung-Namoo (Cornus controversa), Gorosae-Namoo (Acermono), Karae-Namoo(Juglans mandshurica) and Sanbud-Namoo (Prunus sargentii), used as blocks of type A ($3{\times}3{\times}40cm$) and type B ($5{\times}5{\times}60cm$), and were conditioned to about 10~11% moisture content before impregnation in materials humidity control room. Methyl methacrylate (MMA) as monomer and benzoyl peroxide (BPO) as initiator are used. The monomer containing BPO was impregnated into wood pieces in the vacuum system. After impregnation, the treated samples were polymerized with heat-catalyst methods. The immersed weights of monomer in woods are directly proportionated to the impregnation times. Monomer impregnation properties of Cheungcheung-Namoo, Mulpurae-Namoo and Seo-Namoo are relatively good, but in Karae-Namoo, it is very difficult to impregnate the monomer MMA. Fig. 3 shows the linear relation between polymer retentions in wood and polymerization times; that is, the polymer loadings are increasing with polymerization times. Furthermore species, moisture content, specific gravity and anatomical or conductible structure of wood, bulking solvents and monomers etc have effects on both of impregnation of monomer and polymer retention. Physical properties of treated materials are shown in table 3. Increasing rates of specific gravity are ranged 3 to 24% and volume swelling 3 to 10%. ASE is 20 to 46%, AE 14 to 50% and RWA 18 to 40%. Especially, the ASE in relation to absorption of liquid water increases approximately with increase of polymer content, although the bulking effect of the polymerization of monomer may also be influential. WPCs from Mulpurae-Namoo and Cheungcheung-Namoo have high dimensional stability, while its of Karae-Namoo and Seo-Namoo are-very low. Table 4 shows the mechanical properties of WPCs from 6 species. With its specific gravity and polymer loading increase, all mechanical properties are on the increase. Increasing rate of bending strength is 10 to 40%, compression strength 25 to 70%, ;impact bending absorbed energy 4 to 74% and tensile strength 18 to 56%. Mulpurae-Namoo and Cheungcheung-Namoo with high polymer content have considerable high increasing rate of strengths. But incase of Karae-Namoo with inferior monomer impregnation it is very low. Polymer retention in cell wall is 0.32 to 0.70%. Most of the polymer is accumulated in cell lumen. Effective. of polymer retention is 58.59% for Mulpurae-Namoo, 26.27% for Seo-Namoo, 47.98% for Cheungcheung-Namoo, 25.64% for Korosae-Namoo, 9.96% for Karae-Namoo and 25.84% for Sanbud-Namoo.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제57권2호
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• pp.151-159
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• 2012

최근 개발된 직파재배의 일종인 무논점파는 무논점파기(8조식, $15{\times}28cm$, 주당 5~8립)를 이용하여 파종하므로 이앙재배의 재식거리와 유사한 밀도를 유지할 수 있는 장점이 있다. 벼 무논점파재배의 생육 및 출수특성과 출수일변동에 따른 등숙율과 완전립율의 변이를 알아보고자 국립식량과학원 답작과 논포장(수원)에서 2009년부터 2011년까지 3년동안 본 시험을 수행하였다. 1. 무논점파는 입모수는 기계이앙의 재식밀도와 큰 차이가 없었으나 분얼수가 많아 최고분얼기에 단위면적당 경수는 기계이앙의 1.3~2배였다. 최고분얼기 이후 분얼수는 감소해 성숙기 이삭수는 기계이앙과 큰 차이가 없었다. 2. 무논점파의 출수전 생육일수는 운광벼 84일, 호품벼 98일로 기계이앙의 파종일로부터 14일, 19일의 재배기간이 단축되었다. 3. 무논점파의 성숙기 생육특성은 간장과 수장 및 면적당 이삭수는 기계이앙과 차이가 없었다. 통계적 유의성은 없었으나 수당립수는 많아지는 경향이었다. 4. 출수기는 무논점파가 이앙보다 운광벼는 9일, 호품벼는 3일 늦어졌는데 호품벼의 연차간 변이가 작았다. 호품벼는 출수기간이 기계이앙보다 2일 짧아 동시출수율이 높았다. 4. 무논점파재배시 출수일변이에 따른 등숙율과 현미완 전립율은 기계이앙과 차이가 없거나 오히려 높은 것으로 나타났으나 조생종인 운광벼보다 중만생종인 호품벼의 연차간 변이가 적어 무논점파 안정성이 우수한 것으로 나타났다.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.21-36
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• 1983

It is assumed that menarche is affected not only by the biological factors such as nutrition and genetic heritage, but also it is affected by other socio-cultural environmental factors including weather, geographic location, education and level of modernization. Also recent trend of menarche in Korea indicates that a lot of discussion are being generated to the need of sex education as a part of formal school education. The purpose of this study is to develop the school health education program by determine the age of menarche, the factors relavant to time of menarche and psycho-mental state of students at the time in menarche and investigate the present state of school health education relate to menarche of adolescents. The total number of 732 girls was drown from first, second and third grades of 4 middle schools in Seoul. For the data collection the survey was conducted during the period from May 1 to May 20, 1982 by using prepared questionair. The major results are summarized as follow; 1. Mean age at menarche and the percent distribution of menarche experienced. It was observed that about 68.7% of sampled students have been experienced menarche at the time interviewed. For the each group, age at menarche is revealed that among the students about 37.8% are experienced menarche for under 12 years old group, 62.1% for 13 year-old group, 80.6％ for 14 year-old group and 95.5% for over 15 years old. In sum it was found that the mean age at menarche was 12.3 years old, ranged from age at 10 as earlist the age at 15 as latest. 2. Variables associated with age at menarche. 1) There was tendency those student who belong to upper class economic status have had menarche earlier than those student who belong to lower class. Therefore, economic status is closely related to age at menarche. 2) In time of mother's education level, it is also found that those students whose mother's education levels from high school and college are experienced menarche earlier than those students whose mother's education levels from primary school and no-education. 3) However, in connection with home discipline, there was no significant relationship between age at menarche and home disciplines which are being treated "Rigid", "Moderated ", "Indifferent". 4) Degree of communication between parents and daughter about sex matters was found to be associated each others in determination of age at menarche. 5) It was found that high association between mother's menarche age and their daughter's menarche age was observed. Mother's age at menarche earlier trend to be shown also as earlier of their daughters. 6) Those students belong to "D & E" of physical substantiality index are trend to be earlier in menarche than those students in the index "A & B". 3. Psycho-mental state at the time of menarche. Out of the total students 68.2% had at least one or more than one of subjective symptoms. Shyness was shown as most higher prevalent symptom and others are fear, emotional instability, unpleasant feeling, depression, radical behavior, inferior complex and satisfaction appeared. Very few cases are appeared be guilty and stealing feeling. 4. The present status of school health education program related to menarche. As to the source of information about menarche, teacher was a main source with average index 5.88 and the other informants were mother & family member, friends, books and magagines, movies, television, and radio. For the problem solving at menarche, mother & family members were subject to discussion with an average index 6.02 as high. The others for discuss and knowledge about menarche were books, magagine, friends, teachers, and self-learning based on own experienced. The time of learning about menarche, it was learned as highest percentage with 43.2% at a 6 grades of primary school, middle school with 34.4%, 5 grade of primary school with 18.2%, and 4 grade of primary school with 4.0% respectively.