• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.281-284
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• 1998

닭와포자충에 감염된 닭에서 다른 병원체의 이차 침입에 대한 면역억제능을 입증하기 위하여 2일령 SPF 병아리에 $2{\times}10^6$의 닭와포자충 난포낭을 한 번에 경구투여한 다음 14일 후에 $1{\times}10^9$의 Brucella abortus strain 1119-3 부유액 0.3 ml를 근육주사하였다. 그 다음 3-6일 간격으로 36일간에 걸쳐 채혈한 후 평판응집반응으로 이 세균에 대한 면역반응을 관찰하였다. 전반적으로 감염군과 비감염군 모두 3일 후까지는 이 세균에 대한 혈청응집반응이 전혀 일어나지 않았으나 그 후 혈청응집역가는 비감염군에 비하여 감염군이 의의있게 낮았다 (P＜0.05). 세균 접종 15일 후 감염군과 비감염군에 있어서 최고 역가는 매우 의의있는 차이를 보였다 (P=0.0001). 한편, 진정대조군은 전 실험기간을 통하여 이 세균에 대한 혈청응집반응을 보이지 않았다. 이 연구결과 닭와포자충에 감염된 닭에서 미생물의 침입에 대한 면역반응이 억제됨을 확인하였다.

• Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.127-133
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• 2023

Purpose: Around 70% of the Iranian population had received two doses of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines by the end of 2021. In this study, we evaluated the reasons for vaccination refusal among people in Ahvaz, Iran. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 800 participants (400 vaccinated and 400 unvaccinated) were recruited. A demographic questionnaire was completed through interviews. The unvaccinated participants were asked about the reasons for their refusal. The Shapiro-Wilk test, independent t-test, chi-square test, and logistic regression were used for analyzing data. Results: Older people were 1.018 times more likely to refrain from vaccination (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.001-1.039; p=043). People who were manual workers as well as those who were unemployed/housewives were 0.288 and 0.423 times less likely to receive vaccination, respectively. Those with high school education and married women were 0.319 and 0.280 times less likely to receive vaccination, respectively (95% CI, 198-0.515; p<0.001; 95% CI, 0.186-0.422; p<0.001). Participants who had hypertension or suffered from neurological disorders were more likely to receive the vaccination. Finally, people affected with severe COVID-19 infection were 3.157 times more likely to get vaccinated (95% CI, 1.672-5.961; p<0.001). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that lower level of education and older age were contributed to reluctance for vaccination, while having chronic diseases or being already infected with severe COVID-19 infection were associated with more acceptance of vaccination.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.33-40
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• 1985

1984년 11월 Echinostoma hortense에 의한 인체감염의 2례를 발견하였다. 이는 praziquantel치료와 두 환자가 함께 보획하여 생식한 바 있는 담수어의 추적조사로 확인되 었다. 또한 버들치(Moroco oxycephalus)가 E. hortense의 제이중간숙주 역할을 한다는 사실을 새로이 밝혔으며, 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 환자는 31세 및 30세 남자이며 강원도 원주시에 살고 있었고 한 가구에 같이 거주하고 있었다. 제1례는 E.H. fever의 병원에 입원하고 있었으며, 제2례는 건강한 상태로서 간헐적으로 가벼운 하복통과 연변 또는 경한 설사가 계속되었다. 대변검사에서 발견된 충란의 크기는 제1례가 $114.3{\times}71.0(평균){\mu}m$, 제2례가 $119. 1{\times}68.3(평균){\mu}m$이었다. 환자들에게 praziquantel 10~15mg/kg을 단회투여 하고 하제를 사용한 비 제2례의 환자 설사변에서 6마리의 E. hortense 성충을 수집하였다. 2. 환자들이 담수어를 보획한 그 장소에서 버들치 84마리와 붕어 20마리를 잡아서 피낭유충을 조사한 결과 버들치 3마리(3.5%)서 Echinostoma sp.의 피낭 유충을 발견하였다. 3. 분리된 피낭유충 3한마리의 흰쥐에게 경구 감염 시켜서 3마리의 E. hortense 성충을 얻는데 성공하였다. 이상의 결과로 충란만 발견된 제1례의 환자로 E. h hortense 감염자라는 것이 확인되었으며 버들치가 E. hortense의 제이중간숙주 역할을 한다는 사실이 밝혀졌다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.617-625
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• 2010

Objectives : The research which sees collected information about dentistry infection management recognition of the patients and the infection management which the medical treatment consumer does in necessity is what, grasped and satisfaction and became the fundamental data which makes the hospital will be able to trust about dentistry image rise and dentistry environment of the medical treatment consumer who assists a dentistry character executed. Methods : From 2009 April 1st until May 28th 233 people common people who have the experience which visits a Gyeongsangnam-do area dentistry the object with the entry question law which sleeps did and the data analysis SPSS, 12.0 For Window under using produced each question item by frequency and a ratio, the analytical degree of infection management One - Way ANOVA stamps and executed t-test. Results : Information experience experienced about dentistry infection of the investigation object person to be, appeared with 74.7% and the after that dentistry assistance at the time of conduct change which experiences the answer back regarding of Former times attentively observes organization disinfecting' was most with 46.6%. The protective equipments wearing goal of the dentistry medical attendance appeared the dentistry medical attendance and patient protection 77.7%, dentistry medical attendance protection 12.9%, by patient protection 9.4% order. Before medical treatment starting of the dentistry medical attendance the hand Does not confirm' appeared 72.1%, with. The hand washing, is whole and the degree which appears is high with 4.11 points the stamp. Is high there was a possibility of knowing the thing about the recording infection where the educational background will be high and considers statistically the difference which was visible Conclusions : The education which is active and continuous is necessary about infection management and sets the guides which are standardized to the patients and about infection management and about infection prevention and exposes from dentistry practices well to emboss the thing is thought that there is a necessity to plant a trust feeling about the dentistry where the patients assist.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.189-195
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• 2011

Starry flounder, which are recently increasingly cultured in Korea, are known to highly vulnerable to Streptococcus parauberis infection. Five groups of starry flounder (n=30 for each group) were vaccinated with S. parauberis formalin-killed whole cells by intraperitoneal injection at a final concentration of 0, 0.01, 0.1, 1 and 10 mg $fish^{-1}$. Specific antibody production of 1 and 10 mg $fish^{-1}$ administered groups significantly increased at four weeks post immunization. All vaccinated groups showed higher survival rates than a control group when five groups of fish were challenged with S. parauberis at a dose of $1.14{\times}10^4$ cfu $fish^{-1}$ and $1.14{\times}10^2$ cfu $fish^{-1}$, respectively. In particular, 0.1 or higher concentrations of formalin killed bacterial cells are able to confer the fish high protection against S. parauberis infection.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.40-44
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• 2015

To investigate whether Serratia marcescens (Enterobacteriales: Enterobacteriaceae) isolated from Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis (Coleoptera: Cetoniidae) acts as an opportunistic bacterium in peroral infection, the primary entomopathogenic bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis (Bacillales: Bacillaceae) and Paenibacillus popilliae (Eubacteriales: Bacillaceae) were added to sawdust to perform a bioassay experiment. We found that peroral infection caused by S. marcescens could be fatal beyond a concentration of $4{\times}10^8pfu/mL$ in $2^{nd}$ stage P. b. seulensis larvae and at $6{\times}10^8pfu/mL$ in $3^{rd}$ stage P. b. seulensis larvae. In particular, mortality resulting from a combination of P. popilliae and S. marcescens was markedly increased in $2^{nd}$ stage P. b. seulensis larvae. Therefore, we confirmed that mortality was increased when S. marcescens was infected together with other entomopathogenic bacteria, and that peroral infection itself can be fatal beyond certain concentrations.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.153-155
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• 2008

Pathogenic infection in tasar silkworm, Antheraea mylitta Drury is common and there is a breed specific response regarding tolerance. Hence, the tolerance level of three eco-races of tasar silkworm viz. Daba, Sarihan and Raily to Antheraea mylitta cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus (AmCPV) infection was tested. The survival of Daba, Sarihan and Raily eco-races was significantly different (p<0.05) when challenged with the same concentration ($1{\times}10^5$ polyhedra/ml) of AmCPV. Daba eco-race was more tolerant to the AmCPV infection having higher survival (65.7%) and $LC_{50}$ values (1000893.17 polyhedra/ml) of AmCPV followed by Sarihan eco-race (50.7% survival and $LC_{50}$ value of AmCPV 187203.6168 polyhedra/ml) and Raily eco-race (24.3% survival and $LC_{50}$ value of AmCPV 5176.37 polyhedra/ml). The tolerance level of Daba and Sarihan eco-races against AmCPV was more than two times than Raily eco-race.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.611-621
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• 2014

A nationwide survey was conducted to study the rate of Kudoa septempunctata parasitization in cultured olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus, in Korea in 2013. Of 1107 olive flounder sampled randomly from 89 culture farms in five different regions in Korea, K. septempunctata was detected only in Jeju, where 10 of 318 fish (3.14%) were PCR positive, with genomic concentrations of $4.67{\times}10^5$ to $1.48{\times}10^{11}$ rDNA copies/g by real-time PCR. Of the ten Kudoapositive fish, K. septempunctata spores with 5-7 polar capsules were detected only in four fish. No samples of K. septempunctata were detected in olive flounder from the other regions surveyed. Furthermore, K. septempunctata was not detected in 326 samples of olive flounder seeds sampled from 39 hatcheries in seven different regions in Korea. Therefore, the parasite infection is restricted to Jeju and K. septempunctata infection is not spread from hatcheries.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.103-106
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• 2018

Objectives: The goal of the study was to investigate the clinical effects of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (500+125 mg) with metronidazole 400 mg administered three times daily (Group I) versus azithromycin 500 mg administered once daily and with metronidazole 400 mg three times daily (Group II) for the prevention of postoperative infection following mandibular third molar surgical removal. Materials and Methods: The study design was a single-center prospective study. Patients who reported to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery between February 2015 and January 2017 for removal of mandibular third molar were screened, and 108 patients were chosen. One surgeon carried out all procedures. Patients were prescribed antibiotics until the two groups contained a similar number of cases. Results: Our data showed that Group II had fewer incidences of surgical site infection, but with no statistical significance. Conclusion: Although both treatments are used routinely after removal of the mandibular third molar, neither is significantly better than the other.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.33-37
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• 1999

An age-dependent aspect of resistance to Cryptosporidium muris (strain MCR) infection was monitored in Syrian golden hamsters. Mesocricetus auratus. at 1-, 5- and 10-week of age and in ICR mice, Mus musculus, at 3-, 12-, and 15-week of age orally inoculated with a single dose of $2{\times}10^6$ oocysts. respectively. The prepatent periods for both animals were similar, independent of age, but the patency was significantly longer in younger hamsters (P<0.001) and a long tendency in younger mice. Hamsters infected at 1-week of age excreted about 10 times higher oocysts than those at 5- and 10-week of age. However, the total oocyst output was similar among mice of different ages. There was a good correlation between the length of the patency and the total oocyst output in hamsters (R=0.9646), but not in mice (R=0.456l). The immunogenicity of the parasite to homologous challenge infections was very strong in hamsters and relatively strong in mice. These results indicate that acquired resistance to C. muris infection is age-related and the innate resistance is independent of age of hamsters, and that both innate and acquired resistance, on the contrary, are irrespective of age of mice.