• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.356-361
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• 2014

The coal fly ash (CFA) may be utilized as an extender for organic waste composting at the same time fully expected to solve all industrial waste disposal and sawdust tribe. The main objective in this study was to evaluate the effect of CFA addition as a bulking agent for swine manure composting. To determine the suitable addition rate of CFA as a bulking agent, 0, 10, 20 and 30% of saw dust were mixed with 30, 20, 10 and 0% of coal fly ash, respectively. Compost quality for swine manure composting was to evaluate temperature, pH, C/N ratio, and phytotoxicity as germination index. Stability of compost increased with increasing levels of CFA as bulking agent during swine manure composting due to the high alkaline materials including CFA. C to N ratio in treatment added CFA was higher than that of the control without CFA. After finishing composting, germination index of lettuce and cabbage in swine manure compost added 10% of CFA was similar to the control, all the heavy metal contents were far below the stipulated standard for organic farming. These results indicated tahr coal fly ash as bulking agents might be alternative materials to save saw dust and apply industrial products for swine manure composting.

• 광물과 암석
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.25-39
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• 2022

본 연구는 원자력 시설 해체 시 발생되는 저준위 및 극저준위 폐토양, 점토와 산업부산물인 고로슬래그를 이용하여 방사성 폐기물을 안전하게 담지할 수 있는 비소성 시멘트의 제조 가능성을 평가하고 광물·형태학적 분석을 통하여 생성된 반응 물질에 대하여 고찰하였다. 본 연구에서는 (1) 폐토양, 점토 및 고로슬래그의 특성 분석, (2) 폐토양, 점토 및 고로슬래그를 고화재 및 성분조정제로 이용한 원전 해체 폐기물 담지를 위한 비소성 시멘트 제조 및 최적의 배합 비율 도출, (3) 제조된 비소성 시멘트 고화체의 수화반응 생성물질에 대하여 광물·형태학적 분석 등을 수행하였다. 비소성 시멘트 고화체의 광물·형태학적 분석 결과, 폐토양과 점토는 수화반응 생성물이 관측되지 않았으며, 고로슬래그의 경우 고화체의 강도를 발현시킬 수 있는 수화반응생성물질인 calcium silicate hydrate (CSH), 에트링가이트(ettringite)가 생성되는 것을 확인하였다. 폐토양, 점토를 고화재로 이용한 비소성 시멘트의 재령 28일 후 고화체는 최적의 배합 비율에서 약 3 MPa의 강도를 나타내 처분장 인수기준 압축강도인 3.44 MPa를 만족하지 못하는 것을 확인하였다. 그러나, 고로슬래그를 고화재로 이용한 비소성 시멘트는 모든 실험 조건에서 처분장 인수기준 압축강도를 만족하며, 최적의 배합 비율에서는 약 27 MPa로 높게 나타나는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 이러한 결과를 통하여 비소성 시멘트 고화재로 고로슬래그, 방사성 핵종에 대한 흡착제 역할로 폐토양 및 점토를 이용한다면 방사성 폐기물 처분을 위한 최적의 비소성 시멘트를 제조할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 콘크리트학회지
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.156-166
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• 1993

본 연구는 산업폐기물인 플라이애쉬를 충전재로 사용한 강섬유보강 폴리에스터 수지 복합체의 워커빌리티 및 그 역학적 특성을 구명하고, 그 제조방법을 실험적으로 검토한 것이다. 동복합체는 강섬유, 충전재(플라이애쉬, 중질탄산칼슘), 불포화 폴리에스터수지(스티타이렌 모노머), 경화촉진제(코발트옥테이트), 촉매(MEKPO) 및 굵은 골재와 잔골재를 사용하여 제조하였고, 배합조건별로 그 특성을 검토하였다. 연구결과, 플라이애쉬$\cdot$폴리에스터 수지복합체의 경우, 플라이애쉬-결합재비의 증가에 따라 압축, 인장, 휨강도 및 경화수축은 현저히 개선되었고 강섬유 보강 플라이애쉬$\cdot$폴리에스터 수지복합체의 경우 워커빌리티는 플라이해쉬-결합재비 및 강섬유혼입율 증가에 따라 저하하였으나, 압축, 휨강도 및 휨인성은 섬유혼입율 증가에 따라 현저히 증가되었다.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.74-90
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• 2010

본 연구는 GIS 기반 자원순환정보구축 방법을 제시하고, 현재 울산 산업단지에서 진행되고 있는 산업공생네트워크 및 해외사례의 물질별 연계업종쌍을 파악하여 추가적인 산업공생관계 파악을 목적으로 하였다. 자원순환정보는 울산의 국가산업단지, 일반산업단지 및 공업지역에 입지하고 있는 제조업체에 대한 속성정보를 투입정보, 이동정보, 산출정보 등으로 구분하여 DB를 작성하였으며, 이를 제조업체의 공간정보와 결합하여 GIS 기반 자원순환정보를 구축하였다. 본 연구에서 활용된 자료는 총 3,768개이다. 분석결과, 물질, 스팀, 폐수를 이용한 추가적 산업공생파악이 가능한 것으로 분석 되었다. 특히 울산산업특성에 적합한 물질별 연계업종이 명확히 제시될 경우 산업공생파악이 효과적으로 이루어 질 것으로 판단된다. 따라서 본 연구의 자원순환정보 구축방법은 타 지역의 자원순환정보 구축시 하나의 모형으로 제시가 가능할 것으로 사료된다.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.515-526
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• 2017

Recent trend is to use the lightweight concrete in the construction industry because it has several advantages over normal weight concrete. The Lightweight concrete can be produced from the industrial waste materials. In South East Asian region, researchers are very keen to use the waste materials such as oil palm shell (OPS) and palm oil clinker (POC) from the palm oil producing industries. Extensive research has been done on lightweight concrete using OPS or POC over the last three decades. In this paper the aggregate properties of OPS and POC are plotted in conjunction with mechanical and structural behavior of OPS concrete (OPSC) and POC concrete (POCC). Recent investigation on the use of crushed OPS shows that OPSC can be produced to medium and high strength concrete. The density of OPSC and POCC is around 20-25% lower than normal weight concrete. Generally, mechanical properties of OPSC and POCC are comparable with other types of lightweight aggregate concrete. It can be concluded from the previous study that OPSC and POCC have the noteworthy potential as a structural lightweight concrete.

• 공업화학
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.205-213
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• 2021

The present study aimed to determine the effect of co-pyrolysis of sawdust biomass and scrap tyre waste employing different blending ratios of sawdust to waste tyre such as 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, and 0:100. The thermochemical characterization of feedstocks was carried out by employing the proximate, ultimate analysis, and thermogravimetric (TGA) analyses, calorific values, and scanning electron microscope coupled with energy dispersive x-ray analysis (SEM-EDX) to select the blending ratio having better bioenergy potential amongst the studied ratios. The blending ratio of 25:75 (sawdust to waste tyre) was selected for the co-pyrolysis study in a fixed-bed pyrolysis reactor system based on its solid biofuels properties such as heating value (30.18 MJ/kg), and carbon (71.81 wt%) and volatile matter (63.82 wt%) contents. The pyrolysis temperatures were varied as 500, 600 and 700 ℃ while the other parameters such as heating rate and nitrogen flowrate were maintained at 30 ℃/min and 0.5 L/min respectively. The bio-oil yields as 31.9, 47.1 and 61.2 wt%, bio-char yields as 34.5, 34.2 and 31.4 wt% and gaseous product yields as 33.6, 18.60 and 7.3 wt% at the pyrolysis temperatures of 500, 600 and 700 ℃ respectively were obtained. The blends of sawdust and waste tyres showed the improved energy characteristics which could provide the solution for the beneficial management of sawdust and scrape tyre wastes via co-pyrolysis processing.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.433-450
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• 2022

The conventional disposal methods of waste tires are harmful to the environment. Moreover, the recycling/reuse of waste tires in domestic and industrial applications is limited due to parent product's quality control and environmental concerns. Additionally, the recycling industry often prefers powdered rubber particles (<0.60 mm). However, the processing of waste tires yields both powdered and coarser (>0.60 mm) size fractions. Reprocessing of coarser rubber requires higher energy increasing the product cost. Therefore, the waste tire rubber (WTR) less favored by the recycling industry is encouraged for use in construction products as one of the environment-friendly disposal methods. In this study, WTR fiber >0.60 mm size fraction is collected from the industry and sorted into 0.60-1.18, 1.18-2.36-, and 2.36-4.75-mm sizes. The effects of different fiber size fractions are studied by incorporating it as fine aggregates at 10%, 20%, and 30% in the self-compacting rubberized concrete (SCRC). The experimental investigations are carried out by performing fresh and hardened state tests. As the fresh state tests, the slump-flow, T500, V-funnel, and L-box are performed. As the hardened state tests, the scanning electron microscope, compressive strength, flexural strength and split tensile strength tests are conducted. Also, the water absorption, porosity, and ultrasonic pulse velocity tests are performed to measure durability. Furthermore, SCRC's energy absorption capacity is evaluated using the falling weight impact test. The statistical significance of content and size fraction of WTR fiber on SCRC is evaluated using the analysis of variance (ANOVA). As the general conclusion, implementation of various size fraction WTR fiber as fine aggregate showed potential for producing concrete for construction applications. Thus, use of WTR fiber in concrete is suggested for safe, and feasible waste tire disposal.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.296-306
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• 2014

본 연구는 농식품 부산물을 TMR 원료로 이용하여 사료비 절감 효과와 축산물 품질향상에 도움이 될 수 있도록 그 이용을 활성화하기 위한 농식품 부산물 발생현황조사 및 분석, TMR 이용 현황 및 문제점 조사, 사료이용 시 문제점 및 법률과 제도적 대안을 제시코자 수행하였으며 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 폐기물관리법에서 관리되고 있는 유기성폐기물은 폐식용유 10,488톤, 동식물성잔재물 832,493톤, 동물사체 5,740톤, 동물성잔재물 1,171,892톤, 식물성잔재물 2,172,415톤, 왕겨와 미강 12,905톤 등 총 4,205,931톤이었으며 TMR 원료로 이용할 수 있는 식물성 잔재물과 왕겨 그리고 미강이 전체의 51.7%를 차지하였으며 발생지 별로는 전국 상위 10개 지자체에서 76~100% 발생되고 있어 이의 체계적 수급관리시스템이 필요하였다. 둘째, TMR 원료로 사용되는 10대 주요 농식품 부산물은 콩비지, 미강, 깻묵, 맥주박, 주정박, 맥강, 장유박, 감귤박, 버섯부산물 및 기타 식품부산물(빵, 국수, 과자 등)이었다. 셋째, 농가가 농식품 부산물을 이용하는데 가장 큰 애로사항은 농식품 부산물이 폐기물관리법에 의해 폐기물로 관리되고 있어 이를 사용하기 위해서는 재활용신고나 재활용시설설치 등 법률적 의무가 있어 사료이용 활성화를 위해 폐기물 지위 종료제와 같은 제도 개선과 전국적으로 10여 개의 공적 유통센터 설립이 필요한 것으로 사료되었다.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.195-204
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• 2015

Several researches are focused on improving the value of fine chemicals based on biomass resources due to environmental and other concerns associated with the use of petroleum-based products. Therefore, the synthesis and application of estolides derived from plant-based waste oil materials and their application as lubricants and as processing oil for butyl rubber products have been studied. Four kinds of estolide were prepared with conversions of 71~92% over 24h using various vegetable oils, as determined by size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. FT-IR spectroscopy determines the esterification of estolides using 2-ethylhexyl alcohol. The estolides have iodine values of 35~90, α-ester/α-acid ratios of 0.45~0.55, and total acid number of 114~134 mg KOH g^–1. Four ball wear tests show that the wear scar diameters (WSDs) of estolides as base oil significantly decreased to 0.328~0.494 mm, compared to WSDs of 0.735 and 0.810 mm of WSD for 150N and Yubase 6, respectively, as general base oil. Thus, the estolides have better wear resistance and satisfying design objectives for the engineering of a variety of lubricant base oils.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.147-154
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• 2015

Environmental impact assessment techniques have been developed as a result of the worldwide efforts to reduce the environmental impact of global warming. By using the quantification method in the construction industry, it is now possible to manage the greenhouse gas is to systematically evaluate the impact on the environment over the entire construction process. In particular, the proportion of greenhouse gas emissions at the production stage of construction material occupied is high, and efforts are needed in the construction field. In this study, intended for concrete products for the construction materials, by using the LCA evaluation method, we compared the results of environmental impact assessment and carbon emissions of developing products that have been applied low-carbon technologies compared to existing products. As a result, by introducing a raw material of industrial waste, showed carbon reduction. Through a comparison of the carbon emission reduction effect of low-carbon technologies, it is intended to provide academic data for the evaluation of greenhouse gases in the construction sector and the development of low-carbon technologies of the future.