• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.41-56
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• 2019

Recently great loss of life and property is occurring because of fire, natural disaster, earth quake, tsunami and so on. People spend 80~90% of their time indoor environment like office, supermarket, campus. Therefore Indoor navigation and guidelines system became so essential for most of all. Incase of emergency we must be careful earlier, in such a cases 5G kind of new technology may also cannot work. So immediate action and quick routing notification for guidelines and protection is the most. Considering this issue We proposed indoor evacuating guidance system based on microcontroller Wi-Fi board for Indoor APP using mobile. Focusing various kind of technology like, ok google, voice search APP we purposed node architecture based system. When we listen fire alarm while living inside the room. Then to be safe we connect with server and start Arduino UNO+IoT ESP8266 Wi-Fi shield version1-IoT module to store data in MySQL DB server. We make application to escape out from the building up-to the three exits giving information from source point to destination. Our program can send information to the users emergency location and situations. For this when the user get sound or vibration in their mobile device it indicate fire out near by. At that time we update message from Arduino to DB server for the fixed current position inside the building which give routing signal for that fire out location by changing values from 0 to 1. We have user in point 10 where user is near by. Later we detect Wi-Fi signal form Nodemcu as room of each floor and try to connect with user. Main purpose of this paper is to save life of people in short time and find out the shortest path up to nearest exits in the time of emergencies and rescue them.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.77-85
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• 2022

Background: After the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (FDNPS) accident, a model was developed to estimate the external exposure doses for residents who were expected to return to their homes after evacuation orders were lifted. However, the model's accuracy and uncertainties in parameters used to estimate external doses have not been evaluated. Materials and Methods: The model estimates effective doses based on the integrated ambient dose equivalent (H^*(10)) and life patterns, considering a dose reduction factor to estimate the indoor H^*(10) and a conversion factor from H^*(10) to the effective dose. Because personal dose equivalent (H_p(10)) has been reported to agree well with the effective dose after the FDNPS accident, this study validates the model's accuracy by comparing the estimated effective doses with H_p(10). The H_p(10) and life pattern data were collected for 36 adult participants who lived or worked near the FDNPS in 2019. Results and Discussion: The estimated effective doses correlated significantly with H_p(10); however, the estimated effective doses were lower than H_p(10) for indoor sites. A comparison with the measured indoor H^*(10) showed that the estimated indoor H^*(10) was not underestimated. However, the H_p(10) to H^*(10) ratio indoors, which corresponds to the practical conversion factor from H^*(10) to the effective dose, was significantly larger than the same ratio outdoors, meaning that the conversion factor of 0.6 is not appropriate for indoors due to the changes in irradiation geometry and gamma spectra. This could have led to a lower effective dose than H_p(10). Conclusion: The estimated effective doses correlated significantly with H_p(10), demonstrating the model's applicability for effective dose estimation. However, the lower value of the effective dose indoors could be because the conversion factor did not reflect the actual environment.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.114-119
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• 2010

The fire at a Busan indoor shooting range on November 14, 2009 was reconstructed by using a computational fluid dynamics model for fire simulations, in order to investigate the cause of the heavy death toll in a short period of time. Spread of the flame and smoke, and temperature distribution obtained by fire simulation were compared with the results of fire investigation based on the CCTV recordings. The flame and smoke flew out violently through the door into the cafeteria from the shooting range, and the cafeteria was filled with smoke just within 3 seconds followed by the onset of fire. This is consistent with the CCTV recordings. It was confirmed, as a result, that people in the cafeteria did not have enough evacuation time. The computed temperature at the door knob reached about $1400^{\circ}C$, near its melting point.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.98-103
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• 2011

Currently, domestic architecture has applied the building fire-fighting equipments to most buildings except conventional houses, villas and facilities, and so on. However, the use of fire-fighting equipments what are not working properly result in a human life and property damages consistently like a fire of Icheon warehouse facilities, Korea cold storage, the tragic incident of subway in Daegu and the recent issue of a fire in the high-rise efficiency apartment, etc. In this study, I'm trying to seek solutions by taking research on the actual condition of fire alarming system, fire escaping equipment, Indoor Fire Hydrant Installation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Association of Geographic Inforamtion Studies Conference
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• 2007.10a
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• pp.247-256
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• 2007

Accessibility is a field of study that has primarily been applied to urban or transportation problems two dimensionally. However, in large complex buildings as shopping centers or hospitals, inter-spatial accessibility among compartments has to be taken into account such as in building layouts or evacuation planning. This study expands space syntax theory, one of accessibility-related methodologies used for computing connectivity in urban or architectural spaces, into 3D indoor spaces. Although space syntax is basically a topology-based theory that does not consider general costs such as distance or time, this study suggests modification that incorporates different types of impedances in moving between places including distances, turns and transfers between floors. The proposed method is applied to a 3D campus building model in computing and displaying the accessibility to exit doors or cohesive accessibility among similar functions.

• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.468-473
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• 2008

Currently, most of the buildings have been the high-rise buildings and not only the damage for people but also loose of property have been increased significantly. Furthermore, the damage for residents in indoor is increased significantly, the law related to fire protection is not established yet. We discussed safety of evacuation according to unitary system in standard apartment. At a result, when installing the smoke ventilation system, the RSET has been achieved and delay effect for reaching time of CO and smoke area has been obtained.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.02a
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• pp.13-18
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• 2008

The 2005 west off Fukuoka earthquake with Mjma 7.0 occurred in the vicinity of Fukuoka city with 1.4 million populations, which had been regarded as rather seismically inactive in Japan. The strong motion records by K-net indicated PGV of 64 cm/s in Fukuoka city and some condominium buildings sustained extensive non-structural damages. In this study, we conducted a questionnaire survey for residents of 8 condominium buildings located in the downtown area of Fukuoka city after the earthquake. The results indicate that damaged nonstructural walls and distorted doors disrupted evacuation route for many occupants, and furniture and content damage on upper floors became severer resulting in higher rates of human casualty. Earthquake preparedness for indoor safety was raised after the earthquake, though further safety measures can be advised. In the phase of post-earthquake emergency and restoration period, residents' management organizations play important roles, so that neighborhood activities to promote communication networks are important in urban environment with aging population.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Disaster Information Conference
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• 2015.11a
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• pp.72-74
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• 2015

본 논문에서는 시뮬레이션에 머물렀던 기존의 재난 대피경로 안내 기술을 지향성 스피커와 스마트 디바이스와 결합하여 실제 재난발생 시 적용 가능한 기술을 제안하고자 한다. 기존의 연구에서 얻은 대피 경로에 대한 정보를 기반으로 지향성 스피커의 방향과 소리의 크기 등의 컨트롤을 통해서 대피자들이 대피 방향을 인지할 수 있도록 하고, 보유하고 있는 스마트 디바이스를 활용하여 대피 방향에 대한 탐색을 통해서 재난으로부터 발생되는 인명 피해를 최소화 하는 기술을 제안하였다. 또한, 가청 과 비 가청 대역을 이용한 대피 안내 방송 송출을 통해서, 재난 발생으로 혼란한 상황에서도 대피 방향 탐색의 정확도를 높일 수 있는 기술을 제안 하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2020.07a
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• pp.225-226
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• 2020

현대 사회에서는 재난의 유형과 피해가 다양해지고 이에 따른 위험성이 증가하여 재난에 대응하기 위한 운영 및 관리의 필요성이 증가하고 있다. 특히 건축물의 대형화, 복잡화로 인하여 대규모 상업시설 및 다중이용시설은 실내 구조가 복잡하기 때문에 재난 발생 시 안전한 대피 경로를 파악하여 이동하는 것이 어려운 문제가 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 재난 발생 시에 대규모 시설 내에서 이용자가 안전한 대피경로를 확인하고 이동할 수 있도록 지원하기 위한 통합관제체계 구축 방안에 대해서 연구하였다. 본 연구에서 제시하는 통합관제체계와 스마트폰 어플리케이션을 연계하여 재난 발생 시, 시설 이용자에게 안전한 대피경로를 안내함으로써 실내 공간에서의 대패를 지원할 수 있다.

• Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.250-265
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• 2016

Owing to our rapidly aging society, accessibility evaluation to enhance the ease and safety of access to indoor and outdoor environments for the elderly and disabled is increasing in importance. Accessibility must be assessed not only from the general standard aspect but also in terms of physical and cognitive friendliness for users of different ages, genders, and abilities. Meanwhile, human behavior simulation has been progressing in the areas of crowd behavior analysis and emergency evacuation planning. However, in human behavior simulation, environment models represent only "as-planned" situations. In addition, a pedestrian model cannot generate the detailed articulated movements of various people of different ages and genders in the simulation. Therefore, the final goal of this research was to develop a virtual accessibility evaluation by combining realistic human behavior simulation using a digital human model (DHM) with "as-is" environment models. To achieve this goal, we developed an algorithm for generating human-like DHM walking motions, adapting its strides, turning angles, and footprints to laser-scanned 3D as-is environments including slopes and stairs. The DHM motion was generated based only on a motion-capture (MoCap) data for flat walking. Our implementation constructed as-is 3D environment models from laser-scanned point clouds of real environments and enabled a DHM to walk autonomously in various environment models. The difference in joint angles between the DHM and MoCap data was evaluated. Demonstrations of our environment modeling and walking simulation in indoor and outdoor environments including corridors, slopes, and stairs are illustrated in this study.