• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• 제19권E4호
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• pp.157-168
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• 2003

This study evaluated the technical feasibility of the application of titanium oxide (TiO$_2$) photocatalysis for the removal of VOCs in low ppb concentrations commonly associated with non -occupational indoor air quality issues. A series of experiments were conducted to evaluate four parameters (relative humidity (RH), hydraulic diameter (HD), photocatalytic oxidation (PCO) reactor material (RM), and inlet port size (IPS) of PCO reactor) for the PCO destruction efficiencies of the selected target VOCs. None of the target VOCs presented significant dependency on the RH, which is inconsistent with a few previous studies. However, it is noted that the three parameters (HD, RM and IPS) should be considered for better VOCs removal efficiencies for the application of TiO$_2$ photocatalytic technology for cleansing non -occupational indoor air. The PCO destruction of VOCs at concentrations associated with non-occupational indoor air quality issues can be up to nearly 100％. The amount of CO generated during PCO would be negligible in comparison to the indoor CO levels. These results can make the PCO reactor an important tool in the effort to improve non-occupational indoor air quality.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.5-12
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• 2015

Recently, natural disasters have unexpectedly occurred at various places in the world and the countermeasure of them become the social issues. Many of victims in disasters need temporary residential facilities above all things and many of researches have been conducted in order to develop simple, safe, and economic designs of them. Moreover, indoor thermal comfort and air quality must be considered in the facilities against a disaster, because clean and healthy space should be provided to the suffered victims. In this research, in order to estimate the indoor environment of the developed modular building for disaster preparation, CFD simulation was conducted in the various condition. In this paper, indoor air quality such as the age of air, the concentration of $CO_2$ was estimated by the case study

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.217-223
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• 2001

There exist a number of approaches which can evaluate ventilation and indoor air quality. The measurement and analysis of indoor carbon dioxide concentrations can be useful for evaluating indoor air quality and ventilation. This paper describes a numerical analysis of carbon dioxide concentrations for evaluating indoor air quality and ventilation and the factors the need to be considered in their use. The conditions of this numerical analysis are tow types of positions and inlet velocities of ventilation system in a two-dimensional model of an apartment house. The simulation results could be used as a base data for further analysis for ventilation design of other industrial processes producing a proper ventilation system for a healthier and more comfortable environment in a building.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제17권9호
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• pp.993-1003
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• 2008

Interior space in most buildings is divided into several zones. The most important factors relating to the indoor air environment are temperature, airflow, humidity, and contaminant concentration. An integrated multizone model to predict these environmental factors simultaneously was developed. Also, a computer program for this model was written by the language of VISUAL BASIC. The proposed model was applied to a apartment with five rooms that had been tested by Chung. Comparison of predicted results by this study with measured results by Chung showed that their variations were within 14% for airflow rates, 1% for temperatures, 12% for humidities, and 5% for concentrations. It was seen that the opening operation schedule of building has a significant effect on the air moisture md contaminant removal. Thus, this model may be available for predicting the indoor air environment and may be contributed to design the ventilation plan for controling of indoor air quality.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2008년도 하계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.1220-1224
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• 2008

Because of the high airtightness and insulation of the building, indoor environment has been largely polluted resulted from insufficient ventilation and occurrence of new air pollutant. These factors have made worse indoor air quality and caused symptoms of the SHS(Sick House Syndrome), MCS(Multi Chemical Sensitivity). The purpose of this study is to present the fundamental strategies for improving the Indoor Air Quality(IAQ) in newly-constructed apartment buildings. To investigate the concentration of indoor air pollutants such as Formaldehyde and VOCs, the field measurement were conducted.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.413-427
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• 2006

It is necessary to study and develop guidelines for providing comfort and health indoor air quality for office workers since air-tight envelope system of current office building may cause poor indoor air quality. The purpose of this study is to propose guideline for volatile organic compounds in office base on the field study, human health risk assessment and cost-benefit analysis. The field study was conducted to survey the concentrations of volatile organic compounds in indoor air of 69 offices from June to September, 2005 in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do. The rate of excess to guideline of volatile organic compounds in indoor air of new apartment on the Ministry of Environment in Korea(MOE) was surveyed 37.6% for benzene, 6.8% for toluene, and 1.5% for ethylbenzene. As the result of human health risk assessment, mean cancer risk did not exceed 10-6 which is guideline of US.EPA. Also, total hazard index did not exceed 1 which is guideline of US.EPA. Through the cost-benefit analysis of angle on the social-economics to verify the necessary to establish the standards of volatile organic compounds for improvement and development of indoor air quality in office, the present value of benefit was higher than the present value of cost. With the above considerations in mind, it is suggested that the field study for indoor air quality in offices should be expanded and human health risk assessment and cost-benefit analysis be performed th offer scientific data for decision-making of policy for improvement and management of indoor air quality in office.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.292-303
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• 2006

The Volatile Organic Compounds(VOCs) are emitted from various sources and have lots of different form. Recently human are spending the many times at indoor area and indoor air pollution is issued the important social problem. The emission sources of indoor air pollutants are very various, also indoor building materials are composed of very complex chemical compounds, these indoor building materials discharge very much VOCs and other hazardous compounds. In this study, we performed the small chamber test to investigate the VOCs emission concentration and characteristics involving five kinds of the indoor building materials(furniture material, wooden floor, wall paper, paint and tile) under different conditions of four temperature and relative humidity as account of the air flow rate(AFR), air exchange rate(AER), loading factor and air velocity respectively. As the result, It was showed that building materials are emitted the highest VOCs concentration at the beginning of experiment and furniture material is emitted the highest VOCs concentration. Most of the materials were affected by temperature, but paint and tile material were affected by humidity.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.11-18
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• 2010

The aims of this study were to grasp the real condition state and clarify the characteristics and influence of pollutants on the indoor air pollution in occupied apartment units. The research method was to measure the pollution levels of indoor air pollution, and investigate characteristics of the pollutants such as the outdoor environment, elapsed time after construction, finished materials, temperature, relative humidity, space extension, purchase with furniture and electric appliances, built-in closets, and method for cleaning the air. And these were made a comparition between industrial and residential area. The VOCs and formaldehyde concentration in indoor air were measured the 6 household in residental area and 5 household in industrial area. In conclusion, the concentration such as benzene, ethylbenzene, toluene, xylene, styrene showed the pollution state within permissible levels, however formaldehyde concentration has need a lot of attention as ever. And it turned out that the influence with reference to emission from building materials on indoor air pollution lessened under 18 months elapsed time after construction.

• 한국입자에어로졸학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2024

Children are vulnerable to bad indoor air quality, and many researches on indoor air quality have been done with various methodologies. Herein, we used the genetic algorithm, one of the optimization methods, for the analysis based on better estimation values that are not easy to measure. A children playroom and a Taekwondo gym were chosen for the different degree of physical activity. After estimation of the number of occupants, the generation degree of CO2 and PM2.5 were determined from the data of the indoor air quality monitors. Relative errors were below 1% for all cases. Due to many air-treating electronics, the PM2.5 in the children playroom was well-managed compared to that in the Taekwondo gym. The PM2.5-generating activities were calculated and that of the Taekwondo gym was higher than that of the children playroom. The PM2.5 generating values were on the positive relationship with CO2 generating values. This means that we can obtain meaningful information from limited measurement data. For the numerous children facilities, indoor air quality can be easily analyzed and this might contribute to enhancing the children health.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.255-263
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• 2007

Indoor air quality is the dominant contributor to total personal exposure because most people spend a majority of their time indoors. The purposes of this study were to evaluate the alternative method for improvement of indoor air quality in house after coating titanium dioxide ($TiO_2$) photocatalyst for interior part of the house using nitrogen dioxide ($NO_2$) multiple measurements. To evaluate the alternative method in indoor environment, daily indoor and outdoor $NO_2$ concentrations of an apartment and a detached house were daily measured for consecutive 21 days in winter and summer, respectively, Another daily 21 measurements were carried out after $TiO_2$ coating on wall paper of interior part in houses. All $NO_2$ concentrations were measured by passive filter badges. Indoor air quality models using mass balance are useful tool to quantify the relationship between indoor air pollution levels, ambient concentrations, and explanatory variables. Using a mass balance model and linear regression analysis, penetration factor (ventilation rate divided by sum of ventilation rate and decay rate) and source strength factor (emission rate divided by sum of ventilation rate and decay rate) were calculated. Subsequently, the decay constants were estimated. In this study. magnitude of improvement of indoor air quality could be evaluated by decay constant.