• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.701-721
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• 2007

A key issue in the development and application of stated preference nonmarket valuation is the incorporation of unobserved heterogeneity in utility models. Two approaches to this task have dominated. The first is to include individual-specific characteristics into the estimated indirect utility functions. These characteristics are usually socioeconomic or demographic variables. The second employs generalized models such as random parameter logit or probit models to allow model parameters to vary across individuals. This paper examines a third approach: the inclusion of psychological or 'latent' variables such as general attitudes and behaviour-specific attitudes to account for heterogeneity in models of stated preferences. Attitudinal indicators are used as explanatory variables and as segmentation criteria in a choice modelling application. Results show that both the model significance and parameter estimates are influenced by the inclusion of the latent variables, and that attitudinal variables are significant factors for WTP estimates.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.478-490
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• 2013

Dietary habit of excess sodium consumption is formed mainly by excessive salt intake from the younger age and this may lead to hypertension, stroke, and stomach cancer. This study was performed to estimate the salt content in kindergarten meals and provide basic data on meal providers' dietary attitude to sodium intake for nutrition education. We collected data on161 food items from 16 institutions in Gyeonggi-do and salt content was calculated from salinity and weight of individual food items. The average salt content from lunch meals was 2.2 g, which was about daily adequate intake of sodium for children aged 3 to 5 years old. Greatest contributor to the salt content in a meal was soup and stew (47.8%). The most salty dishes were sauces and kimchi followed by stir-fried food, deep-fried food, braised food, and grilled food. The salt content was higher in soup and stew despite of low salinity, due to the large quantity per serving. The salt contents of soups and kimchi were 40.6% and 14.3%, respectively of the total salt content in dish groups. Staff members and caregivers at home who prepared food for the child showed preference for one-dish rice meal, dried fish and salted mackerel, and broth when eating soup, stew, and noodles. Caregivers showed higher sodium index score and had higher preference for processed food such as Ramen, canned food, and ham compared with staff members (p < 0.05). These results suggested that monitoring salt content of kindergarten meals and nutrition education for those prepare meals for children are needed to lower sodium intake in childhood.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.288-298
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• 2017

The system of high-speed and conventional railway vehicles is diversified, and significant technological development in performance has been achieved. This study analyzed the modal change characteristics; furthermore, it estimated the value of travel time by improving the travel time and cost for the passenger's perception of railway. In this study, we formulate a mode choice model for passengers and compare it with the mixed logit model which reflects individual taste variation. In addition, the validity of the analysis is presented through an estimation the value of travel time using the derived model. For this purpose, a stated preference survey was conducted with 510 people using public transportation. The benefits of time-saving can be accurately determined by estimating the value of time spent on the railway. Appropriate fares for public transportation can also be estimated.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.275-299
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• 2011

This study investigated librarians' perception and preference of cultural programs in the field of cooperation between school and public libraries. The findings are as follows: 1) Librarians and teacher librarians at school and public libraries perceive the importance of cultural programs in library service. 2) Online space was mostly preferred as a means of PR activities by librarians and teacher librarians at school and public libraries. 3) The preferred methods to cooperate projects between school libraries and public libraries were to implement programs through public librarians' field visiting, and to participate linkage program customized to individual school libraries. 4) Preferred types of cooperation were to sign MOU and to make a cooperative system between school libraries and public libraries.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.59-72
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• 2004

The objectives of this study were to investigate the perceptions of Korean female university students for clothing pattern tendency and structural element of clothing pattern image dimension and to find how individual personality type influence the preferred clothing pattern characteristics. For this study, a questionnaire was designed and sent to 600 female university students of Daejeon, Seoul and metropolitan area. The tool used in this study was MBTI(The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator) Form G Korean version and for the analysis of data SPSS 10.0 package were used. 10 representative patterns for this study were floral, dot, stripe, check, animal, abstract & artistic, geometric, vegetable & leaf, paisely, patchwork pattern. The data were analyzed by factor analysis, arithmetic mean, One-Way ANOVA, x²-test. The major findings were as follows: Clothing pattern image dimension perceived by Korean female university students for 10 representative patterns were basic form, deluxe, specialty, and cultural dimension. Among them, basic form and deluxe dimension were major dimensions. In basic form dimension, dot pattern score was high indicating female students perceive it as light, comfortable, clean, cool and simple pattern image. In deluxe dimension, floral pattern scored high and in specialty dimension, abstract and artistic pattern scored high among other pattern image. In cultural dimension, geometric pattern and check pattern scored high. Based on other detailed analysis results, It is concluded that the personality type greatly influence clothing pattern evaluation. For example, in case of color combination of patchwork pattern, there was a difference in color preference depend on a personality type such as sensing(S) or intuition(N). Therefore, sensing personality type preferred adjacent color combination than contrast color combination. Detailed marketing strategy is necessary in planning textile design of merchandise plan.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.2073-2080
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• 2015

Even though users choose goods they want to buy in on-line shopping malls, real purchase is often performed in off-line shopping malls. It is called reverse showrooming. It means that users' analysis of goods based on images and description of internet shopping malls has limitation. Thus, large-scale online shopping malls provide a customized shopping information. However, in that case, the provided information is a simple list of goods users bought or retrieved. Thus, a system to analyze various needs of users and apply the result into on-line shopping mall is necessary. In this paper, an analysis system is proposed. The system contains a module to analyze user defined preference and a module to analyze users' reviews. The former designates two goods and collects preferences of individual users. the latter analyzes reviews about purchased goods based on database dictionary stored in advance for analyzing reviews. The system implemented shows that it is possible to recommend some goods that meet each users's needs

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.216-227
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to develop a nutrition education program for dietary salt reduction using various nutrition education materials. The effect of a 5-week nutrition education program on salty taste assessment, nutrition knowledge, salt attitude for a high-salt diet, salt content in food, and individual satisfaction with the salt concentration of meals during the education period was evaluated. Nutrition education materials included two animations, a pamphlet, panels, and a website, as well as other training resources. Subjects participating in this study were 335 employees (164 male, 171 female) at 15 foodservice operations in Daegu. Preference for higher levels of salty taste and food containing higher amounts of salt were lowered. Knowledge regarding the necessity for dietary salt reduction was higher (p < 0.001) than before nutrition education, and salt content in a meal was reduced. As the program progressed, average salt concentrations of soups were significantly lowered (p < 0.05), and there was greater satisfaction with the lower concentration (p < 0.001). This was a positive indication of the program's success. In addition, it was found that subjects who participated in the program several times have changed their preference to lower levels of salty taste and have increased their nutrition knowledge (p < 0.05, p < 0.001). Thus, the positive effect of this 5-week nutrition education program developed for, and applied to, foodservice employees, concerning dietary salt reduction was confirmed.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.9 no.10
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• pp.254-263
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• 2019

This study was designed to understand the Education recognition, satisfaction, and job preferences of college students majoring in beauty through the DISC behavior type, and to be used as customized career and beauty education data considering individual tendencies through the DISC behaviour type. From September 20 to October 11, 2017, the final questionnaire was analyzed for students of beauty education who lived in South Chungnam Province and Gyeonggi Province. Significant differences in the Education recognition and job preferences of the study participants were shown, followed by D, I, S, and C, and were found to be satisfactory for their majors. Through this study, it is believed that it will be possible to identify the Education recognition, satisfaction and job preferences of college students in beauty education and use them as basic data that can help them decide their career path after beauty education.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.345-352
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• 2019

The 2015 revised information curriculum emphasizes the ability to solve problems in real life based on the basic concepts, principles and techniques of computer science. How the contents of textbooks are designed is an important issue in terms of achievement of educational goals and whether contents can be easily and clearly communicated. The purpose of this study is to analyze the concept presentation method presented in middle school informatics textbooks by three types of text- centered type, picture-centered type, and case-centered type- to analyze differences in understanding according to individual variables (sex, subject preference). Analysis results found the figure-centered type showed the highest degree of comprehension among students, and the preference of contents design type and the difference of understanding according to sex did not show significant differences. According to the preferred subjects, understanding of the content design types were found to be significantly different according to preferred subjects.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.100 no.3
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• pp.441-448
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• 2011

The objective of this study was to clarify the distribution, host preference and habitat characterstics of the endangered mistletoe species, Loranthus tanakae in Korea. Seven sites were selected for sampling in Gangwon Province, located in middle of Korea. Parameters including DBH, attached height, twig death, and the number of L. tanakae and Viscum album var. coloratum per tree for all infected individuals were investigated. One thousand, two hundred and seventy L. tanakae plants were found on the 420 host trees with 665 V. album var. coloratum on 227 of the trees. The infested host trees belonged to eight species and one variety species from six genera and five families. The highest percentage (86.9%) of individuals of L. tanakae were growing on Fagaceae. The infected trees occurred between altitudes of 420 m and 1,250 m above the sea level, but most of them were between 600 m and 900 m. The mean DBH and heights of parasitism were 38.6 cm and 13.0 m, respectively. Twig death was also observed on 300 host trees (71.4%) and 1.5 twig per tree. Most of the populations and the distribution of L. tanakae were highly affected by DBH out of some individual tree characteristics.