• 한국균학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.88-91
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• 2015

Studies on the diversity of indigenous fungi were conducted in the central districts of South Korea from 2008 to 2013. During the studies, potentially unrecorded agarics were collected. All specimens collected in this study were examined morphologically and phylogenetic analysis was also performed. They were identified as Galerina sideroides and Gymnopus luxurians. These fungi have never been reported in South Korea. We report them here with detailed descriptions and figures.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.445-456
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• 2020

Fungal species belonging to the genus Penicillium are indigenous to a wide range of natural environments. Since the first published reports detailing the discovery of Penicillium, new species have been identified in various countries, including Korea. We present here a full characterization of five species of Penicillium that were previously unreported in Korea. Based on the morphologic characteristics and sequences of genes encoding fungal ��-tubulin and calmodulin, we identified five Penicillium species, including P. hetheringtonii, P. sublectaticum, and P. jacksonii, which have been unrecorded in Korea, and confirming P. maximae and P. cremeogriseum, as the endophytic fungi isolated in Gyeongsang province, Korea. In this article, we provide detailed morphological descriptions of these fungal species.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.461-470
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• 2023

The indigenous fungi in Mudeungsan National Park were investigated between 2020 and 2022. All collected specimens were identified to the species level based on their morphological characteristics and rDNA sequences. Species belonging to the family Boletaceae were analyzed in depth. Six species, Aureoboletus sinobadius, Hourangia densisquamata, H. nigropunctata, Tengioboletus glutinosus, Tylopilus himalayanus, and Xerocomus subparvus were newly recorded as macromycota in Korea.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.278-289
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• 2015

Indigenous strains of Trichoderma species isolated from rhizosphere soils of Tea gardens of Assam, north eastern state of India were assessed for in vitro antagonism against two important tea fungal pathogens namely Pestalotia theae and Fusarium solani. A potent antagonist against both tea pathogenic fungi, designated as SDRLIN1, was selected and identified as Trichoderma viride. The strain also showed substantial antifungal activity against five standard phytopathogenic fungi. Culture filtrate collected from stationary growth phase of the antagonist demonstrated a significantly higher degree of inhibitory activity against all the test fungi, demonstrating the presence of an optimal blend of extracellular antifungal metabolites. Moreover, quantitative enzyme assay of exponential and stationary culture filtrates revealed that the activity of cellulase, ${\beta}$-1,3-glucanase, pectinase, and amylase was highest in the exponential phase, whereas the activity of proteases and chitinase was noted highest in the stationary phase. Morphological changes such as hyphal swelling and distortion were also observed in the fungal pathogen grown on potato dextrose agar containing stationary phase culture filtrate. Moreover, the antifungal activity of the filtrate was significantly reduced but not entirely after heat or proteinase K treatment, demonstrating substantial role of certain unknown thermostable antifungal compound(s) in the inhibitory activity.

• 한국균학회소식:학술대회논문집
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• 한국균학회 2014년도 추계학술대회 및 정기총회
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• pp.49-49
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• 2014

In order to find indigenous beneficial fungal species from crop field soils of Nigeria, 23 soil samples were collected from various places of Nigeria in June, 2013 and fungi were isolated through serial dilution technique. Isolated fungi were purified and differentiated according to their morphological and microscopic characteristics. In total, 38 different representative isolates were recovered and the genomic DNA of each isolates was extracted using QIAGEN$^{(R)}$ Plasmid Mini Kit (QIAGEN Sciences, USA) and the identification of fungi was carried out by sequence analysis of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the 18S ribosomal DNA (18S rDNA). Recovered isolates belonged to 9 fungal genera comprising Fusarium, Aspergillus, Chaetomium, Coniothyrium, Dipodascaceae, Myrothecium, Neosartorya, Penicillium and Trichoderma. Aspergillus spp., Penicillium spp. and Trichoderma spp. were the most dominant taxa in this study. The antagonistic potentiality of species belonged to Trichoderma against 10 phytopathogenic fungi (F. oxysporum, C. gloesporoides, P. cytrophthora, A. alternata, A. solani, S. rolfsii, F. solani, R. solani, S. sclerotiorum and P. nicotiana) was assessed in vitro using dual culture assay. The dual culture assay results showed varied degree of antagonism against the tested phytopathogens. The potential Trichoderma spp. will be further evaluated for their antagonistic and plant growth promotion potentiality under in vivo conditions.

• Mycobiology
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.137-145
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• 2016

Most known species in the Strophariaceae are decomposers and grow on various kind of organic matter. Approximately 18 genera and 1,316 species in the Strophariaceae have been reported worldwide. Through an ongoing survey of indigenous fungi in Korea, 29 specimens belonging to the Strophariaceae were collected from 2012 to 2016. These specimens were identified based on morphological characteristics and molecular analysis of internal transcribed spacer sequences. Fifteen taxa were confirmed, with eight species matching those previously recorded. Seven species in five genera were shown to be new records in Korea: Galerina marginata, Gymnopilus crociphyllus, Gymnopilus picreus, Hebeloma birrus, Hebeloma cavipes, Pholiota multicingulata, and Psilocybe thaizapoteca. In this study, we provide detailed morphological descriptions of these species and investigate their evolutionary relationships by constructing phylogenetic trees.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.43-50
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• 2018

Dadohaehaesang National Park is a well-known habitat for a variety of indigenous animals and plants; however, there are no studies on the diversity of macrofungi. To undertake a basic survey of the macrofungi diversity in an unexploited area, we focused on surveying the macrofungi in Dadohaehaesang National Park, Korea, during 2017 and discovered two unrecorded species belonging to the order Polyporales. The two species were identified as Cinereomyces lindbladii and Steccherinum bourdotii based on a combination of morphological characteristics and sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer region. We provide macro- and micro-morphological descriptions for these two unrecorded species in Korea.

• 환경생물
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.648-653
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• 2017

The aim of this study was to select various fungal strains indigenous to Korea that have the potential to produce cellulases, including filter paper activity (FPase), $endo-{\beta}$-1,4-glucanase (EG), and ${\beta}-glucosidase$ (BGL). Among the 25 species of Ascomycetes and the 32 species of Basidiomycetes tested in this study, the Bjerkandera adusta KUC10565, Heterobasidion orientale KUC10556, Hyphoderma praetermissum KUC10609, and Trichoderma harzianum KUC1716 all exhibited remarkably high FPase activity. In addition, the T. harzianum KUC1716 showed high levels of EG and BGL activity. This strain has been selected for further study because of their enzymatic potential.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제87권3호
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• pp.429-444
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• 1998

Picea mariana 생장을 억제하는 Kalmia angustifolia에 영향을 주는 외생근균을 조사 선발하였다. 11개 외생근균중에서 19계통을 선발하여 Kalmia 잎침출물이 들어있는 배지에 P. mariana 치묘와 함께 근균을 접종하여 자라는 형태와 생장양상을 조사하였다. Kalmia 잎추출물을 첨가한 액체배지에서는 균사의 건중량을, 한천배지에서는 코로니의 직경을 측정한 결과 분리된 9개 균주에서는 현저하게 억제되었으나 나머지 10개 균주에서는 반대로 증가되거나 Kalmia의 영향이 나타나지 않았다. 배양배지의 pH가 3-4일 때는 생장을 억제 받는 근균도 있었으나 pH와 잎침출물을 조합한 조건하에서는 더욱 강하게 억제되었다. 분리된 13개 계통은 순수배양에서 Kalmia 잎침출물 25%와 함께 배양한 P. mariana에서 외생근균이 형성되었다. Paxillus involutus(NF4), Cenococcum geophilum(GB12), Laccaria laccata(GB23), E-strain(GB45)계통에서는 Kalmia 잎추출물 50%에서 배양한 결과 다른 계통보다 많은 외생근균이 형성이 되었다. 이러한 근균을 미리 접종한 P. mariana를 Kalmia 잎추출물과 같이 배양한 후 온실 안에서 4개월동안 Kalmia와 갈이 재배하였다. P. involutus, L. laccata 와 E-strain 미리 접종한 치묘에서는 많은 근균(흡수근외 77-91%)이 형성되었으나 C. geophilum를 미리 접종한 치묘에서는 근균이 비교적(흡수근의 32%) 적게 형성되었다. 외생균근이 대부분의 치묘에서 생겼음에도 불구하고 근균의 90% 이상이 접종근균에서 생겨났다. 근균의 지속적인 생장은 살아있는 Kalmia 식물개체에 영향을 받지 않았다. P. involutus, L.laccata와 E-strain과 같이 처리한 치묘 근균의 80% 이상과 C. geophilum을 처리한 치묘 근균의 53%가 접종된 균주의 영향을 받았다. 대조구에서는 토착균주에 의해 약 45%의 짧은 뿌리의 외생근균이 형성되었다. L. laccata와 C. geophidum는 Kalmia잎추출물과 같이 배양한 치묘의 근균행성을 촉진하였다. 균주를 접종한 경우 근균형성율은 pH5보다 pH4에서 4-15% 더 낮았으며 L. laccata를 접종한 경우 심하게 억제되었다. P. involtus에 접종한 치묘는 L. laccata를 E-strain를 접종한 치묘보다 줄기와 뿌리생장이 가장 높게 나타났다. P. involtus와 L. laccata를 접종한 치묘는 대조구의 치묘보다는 건중량이 많고 키가 훨씬 컸다. E-strain에 접종한 치묘는 대조구와 비교해서 1차 측근 수가 매우 작았으며 줄기 건중량은 매우 높게 나타났으나 다른 형질, 예를 들면 흡수근, 뿌리 건중량, 수고 등은 대조구와 크게 다르지 않았으나 C. geophilum에 접종한 치묘는 1차 측근수를 제외한 다른 생장 특징에서는 대조구와 크게 다르지 않았다.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.803-807
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• 2005

This study examined the effects of ozone exposure alone (1, 3, and 5 ppm) as well as in combination with 1% acetic acid, citric acid, or lactic acid on the growth of indigenous microorganisms in enoki mushrooms. Populations of mesophilic bacteria, yeasts and molds in enoki mushrooms appeared to be decreased by stepwise increases in concentration (1 to 5 ppm) or exposure time (0.5 to 5 min) to ozone. Compared to untreated (control) enoki mushrooms, there were reductions of 1.03 to $2.61\;\log_{10}\;CFU/g$ in mesophilic bacteria and of 1.21 to $2.7\;\log_{10}\;CFU/g$ in yeasts and molds in all ozone- treated enoki mushrooms. Combination of 3 ppm ozone and 1% citric acid (p<0.05) synergistically brought about significant reductions in both mesophilic bacteria ($3.52\;\log_{10}\;CFU/g$) and fungi (yeasts and molds) ($2.77\;\log_{10}\;CFU/g$) from enoki mushrooms. The results of this study show that low concentrations of ozone inhibit indigenous microflora populations in enoki mushrooms. Combination treatments of 3 ppm ozone with 1% citric acid showed greater antimicrobial effectiveness than either 3 ppm ozone or 1% citric acid alone.