• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.33 no.4 s.132
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• pp.60-65
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• 2005

This study was carried out to investigate the sheet properties of Indian mallow Hanji, made by different pulping methods, such as alkali and sulfomethylated pulpings, and different stock compositions, various mixing ratios of bast fiber and wood core fibers. Indian mallow Hanjis made with 60% of woody core pulps were shown better Chinese ink spreading distance than those of the others. The Chinese ink spreading distance of the Indian mallow Hanjis made from bast fiber pulp only were unsuitable for Hwaseonji. The Chinese ink spreading distance of Indian mallow Hanji was closely related to the mixing ratio of long fiber and short fiber. Especially sulfomethylated pulping method was superior to alkali pulping method.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.61-66
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• 2002

This study was carried out to investigate sheet properties of Indian mallow hanji, made by different pulping methods such as alkali and sulfomethylated pulpings, and different stock compositions, various mixing ratios of bast fiber and woody core fibers. Effect of morphological properties of pulp stocks on the sheet formation and their optical properties were also evaluated using an image analyzer and confocal laser scanning microscope(CLSM). In addition, the effect of fiber distribution index(FDI), which was calculated based on the image in a z-direction of a sheet from CLSM, on the sheet properties of Indian mallow hanji was discussed. The proposed FDI had a good correlation with various properties of paper, such as apparent density, opacity, tear index, breaking length and zero-span tensile strength. Especially, sulfomethylated pulp sheets＇FDI was higher than alkali pulp sheets.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.17-22
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• 2003

A kind of image analysis system is used to investigate the structural features of the papers made from Indian mallow. The screen mark on the paper was identified and analyzed. The dusts, shives and fiber bundles were manifested and calculated. In the aspect of Indian mallow hanji's surface characteristics analyzed by an Image analyzer, the average of gray level and its standard deviation hanji from the woody core were rather lower than of bast fiber pulp because of better sheet formation of the formers. Hower. high brightness hanji showed high value of gray level. The sheet formation and paper opacity were increased with the decrease of standard deviation of gray level. From these results, gray level measurement could be used to predict the paper opacity as well as sheet formation.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2004

This study was carried out to investigate the sheet properties of Indian mallow Hanji, made by different pulping methods, such as alkali and sulfomethylated pulpings, and different stock compositions, various mixing ratios of bast fiber and woody core fibers. Indian mallow hanjis made from the sulfomethylated pulps had higher brightness and sheet strength than the alkali pulps. It was found that the brightness of sulfomethylated pulp was enough high without an extra-bleaching. In the mechanical properties of Indian mallow hanjis mixed with bast fiber and woody core stalk pulps, the sheet strength were decreased as wood core pulps contents were increased. The sheet formation were increased as the increase of woody core pulps contents, while the sheet strength decreased. Although the sulfomethylated pulping resulted in higher pulp yield, no morphological differences of fiber surfaces were shown as compared to the different pulping methods.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.144-150
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• 2002

Indian mallow is characterized by the rapid growth and high harvest of the fibrous materials. This study was carried out to investigate the sheet properties of Hanji using Indian mallow, made by different pulping methods, such as alkali and sulfomethylated pulpings and different stock compositions, various mixing ratios of bast fiber, woody core and whole stalk fibers. The results from this study were summarized as follows. The length and width of the bast fibers were 1.40-430 mm(av. 235 mm), and 9.2-26.4 ㎛(av.18.3 ㎛), respectively. The cell wall thickness was 4.0-115 ㎛(av. 7.7 ㎛). Runkel ratio, flexibility coefficient and fiber length/fiber width ratio were 1.38, 0.42 and 128 respectively. Bast fiber and whole stalk were cooked by alkali and sulfomethylated methods. Sulfomethylated pulping resulted in superior pulp in terms of yield and quality as compared with those of alkali pulping. The pulp yields of bast fiber was higher than those of whole stalk

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.32 no.9
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• pp.1366-1375
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• 2008

This studies were carried out in order to develope environmentally-friendly fiber materials and substitute resources of Paper mulberry. Various plant fibers such as New Zealand flax, Indian mallow, Kuzu vine and Yucca were used as raw materials of hand-made papers. We rotted these 4 kinds of plant fibers and removed non-cellulose. After rotting, the pulping rate(%) and the length of fibers in pulps were measured. The physical characteristics of papers made of various plants fiber were investigated and the probabilities of practical use were considered. The results were as follow: The non-cellulose contents of plant fibers were $30{\sim}40%$ and those contents must be lower down to 8% to be able to manufacture the hand made papers. The lignin in pulps were removed almost and the hemicellulose were partially removed to reach up to appropriate level of the pulp rates and fiber lengths. The more hemicellulose removed, the finer fiber thickness were and rapidly the lower Hanji tensile strength were. But the tear strength of these plants of hand-made papers do not decreased so much as tensile strength. So the property of 4 types of plant fibers might be of great advantages to make hand-made papers. Both tensile and tear strengths of Hanji of New Zealand flax, Indian mallow, Kuzu vine and Yucca were higher than Paper mulberry hand-made paper. When 30% of mulberry paper were mixed, the mixing effect showed maximum. Because of the functions of all plant fiber hand-made papers showed better than those of Paper mulberry hand-made paper, 4 types of plant fibers could be substitute Paper mulberry.