• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.53-61
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• 1996

The activation of operation department can be defined as man power, the space, energy and organization in the operation department. In this paper, we clarified the activation index of operation department and verified the relation between the activation index and the management index related to in patients. In addition, we studied the effect of the activation index on the construction and management of the operation department. As a result, we can find the followings. 1. The number of operation as the activation index of operation department regardless of the size of hospitals in Japan is smaller than in Korea and Taiwan. 2. Based on the study of the correlation between the activation index and the operation index connected to inpatient, it is found the activation of operation department is affected by average lengh of stay of inpatient. 3. It is found that plan of operation has been practically made on the basis of the number of beds. Howerver, the activation index of operation department should be utilized on the basis of the number of operation.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.183-192
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• 2005

This study compared cerebral lateralization index based on the area of neural activation with that based on the intensity of neural activation. For this purpose, 8 right-handed male college students (the mean age - 23.5 years) and 10 right-handed male college students (the mean age - 25.1 years) participated respectively in researches on visuospatial and verbal task brain function. Functional brain images were taken from 3T MRI using the single-shot EPI method. The result of measuring cerebral lateralization index based on the area of neural activation suggested that the right hemisphere is dominant in visuospatial tasks and the left one is in verbal tasks. However, the dominance is not sufficient to locate the exact part of the brain for these tasks. When cerebral lateralization index was computed based on the intensity of neural activation, it was derived that the area of cerebral lateralization closely related to visuospatial tasks is the superior parietal lobe, and the area of cerebral lateralization closely related to verbal tasks is the inferior and middle frontal lobes. Thus, cerebral lateralization index by area based on the intensity of neural activation as proposed by this study can determine the dominance of the cerebrum by area, so is helpful for accurate and quantitative determination of cerebral lateralization.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.35-42
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• 2020

The accurate prediction of fire detector activation time is required to ensure the reliability of fire modeling during the safety assessment of performance-based fire safety design. The main objective of this study is to determine the activation temperature and the response time index (RTI) of a fixed heat detector, which are the main input factors of a fixed-temperature heat detector applied to the fire dynamics simulator (FDS), a typical fire model. Therefore, a fire detector evaluator, which is a fire detector experimental apparatus, was applied, and 10 types of domestic fixed-temperature heat detectors were selected through a product recognition survey. It was found that there were significant differences in the activation temperature and RTI among the detectors. Additionally, the detector activation time of the FDS with the measured DB can be predicted more accurately. Finally, the DB of the activation temperature and RTI of the fixed-temperature heat detectors with reliability was provided.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.533-541
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• 1999

Many conventional anticancer drugs display relatively poor selectivity for neoplastic cells, in particular for solid tumors. Furthermore, expression or development of drug resistance, increased glutathione transferases as well as enhanced DNA repair decrease the efficacy of these drugs. Research efforts continue to overcome these problems by understanding these mechanisms and by developing more effective anticancer drugs. Cyclophosphamide is one of the most widely used alkylating anticancer agents. Because of its unique activation mechanism, numerous bioreversible prodrugs of phosphramide mustard, the active species of cyclophosphamide, have been investigated in an attempt to improve the therapeutic index. Solid tumors are particularly resistant to radiation and chemotherapy. There has been considerable interest in designing drugs selective for hypoxic environments prevalent in solid tumors. Much of the work had been centered on nitroheterocyclics that utilize nitroreductase enzyme systems for their activation. In this article, recent developments of anticancer prodrug design are described with a particular emphasis on exploitation of selective metabolic processes for their activation.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.54-59
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• 2010

Basil is known to contain six types of polyphenols that engage in physiological activation; protocateuic acid, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, courmaric acid, rosmarinic acid and quercetin. In this study, the antioxidants in eight types of basil were evaluated. Specifically, the antioxidative activation of basil was evaluated based on the relationship between active oxygen scavenging (DPPH radical-scavenging), which was used as an index showing the content and functionality of the polyphenol compounds in basil, and $Fe^{2+}$/ascorbate (FTC) and 2-thiobarbituric acid (TBA). The total polyphenol content of the different types basil occurred in the following order: Dark-opal> Lettuce> Bush> Greek> Lemon> Sweet> Geno> Holy. The highest content Dark-opal was 173.3 mg, which was about three times greater than the lowest content Holy, which was 49.85 mg. In addition, DPPH radical-scavenging by Dark-opal 51%, which was the highest scavenging activity occurred in the folling order: Dark-opal> Lettuce> Bush> Greek> Lemon> Sweet> Geno> Holy. The antioxidative activation values measured using the FTC and TBA were the same as the value obtained using the DPPH method. Finally, the level of antioxidative activation measured using FTC, TBA and DPPH methods showed that the higher the content of polyphenol substance was, the stronger the antioxidative activation became.

• The Journal of Korea Robotics Society
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.203-212
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• 2024

Simultaneous motion is essential in the activities of daily living (ADL). For motion intention recognition, surface electromyogram (sEMG) and corresponding motion label is necessary. However, this process is time-consuming and it may increase the burden of the user. Therefore, we propose a simultaneous motion recognition framework using data augmentation based on muscle activation model. The model consists of multiple point sources to be optimized while the number of point sources and their initial parameters are automatically determined. From the experimental results, it is shown that the framework has generated the data which are similar to the real one. This aspect is quantified with the following two metrics: structural similarity index measure (SSIM) and mean squared error (MSE). Furthermore, with k-nearest neighbor (k-NN) or support vector machine (SVM), the classification accuracy is also enhanced with the proposed framework. From these results, it can be concluded that the generalization property of the training data is enhanced and the classification accuracy is increased accordingly. We expect that this framework reduces the burden of the user from the excessive and time-consuming data acquisition.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.55-65
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• 2007

This paper sought to investigate pupil size variability, pupil size parameters in terms of time domain and frequency domain, the autonomic activity change induced by posture change, degree of sleepiness and cognitive task (math task). With a specially designed pupil image acquisition system in the dark room, these three kinds of experiments were performed to induce a dominant state of sympathetic or parasympathetic activation. Electrocardiogram and pupil size were measured in all the experiments. Based on three experiments, we calculated heart rate variability. In the pupil size analysis, we calculated the mean and standard deviation of pupil size (in time domain), and proposed several frequency bands that exhibit different autonomic activation between different sessions. The results indicate that in terms of heart rate variability, posture change exhibited significant differences but not between sleepiness level, or between cognitive task. Pupil sizes differed only during the postures. And we found some frequency bands that correlated with autonomic activation in each experiment. While heart rate variability reflects posture change that need cardiac control, pupil size variability reflects not only posture induced autonomic activation but sleepiness and cognitive load, which is processed in the brain, in time and frequency domain parameter.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.97-105
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• 2024

Purpose: Massive transfusion protocols (MTPs) implementation improves clinical outcomes of the patient's resuscitation with hemorrhagic trauma. Various predictive scoring system have been used and studied worldwide to improve clinical decision. However, such research has not yet been studied in Korea. This systematic review aimed to assess the predictors of MTPs activation in patients with trauma in Korea. Methods: The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Research Information Sharing Service databases, KoreaMed, and KMbase were searched from November 2022. All studies conducted in Korea that utilized predictors of MTPs activation in adult patients with trauma were included. Results: Ten articles were eligible for analysis, and the predictors were assessed. Clinical assessments such as systolic and diastolic blood pressure, shock index (SI), prehospital modified SI, modified early warning system (MEWS) and reverse SI multiplied by the Glasgow Coma Scale (rSIG) were used. Laboratory values such as lactate level, fibrinogen degradation product/fibrinogen ratio, and rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) were used. Imaging examinations such as pelvic bleeding score were used as predictors of MTPs activation. Conclusions: Our systematic review identified predictors of MTPs activation in patients with trauma in Korea; predictions were performed using tools that requires clinical assessments, laboratory values or imaging examinations only. Among them, ROTEM, rSIG, MEWS, SI, and lactate level showed good effects for predictions of MTPs activation. The application of predictors for MTP's activation should be individualized based on hospital resource and skill set, also should be performed as a clinical decision supporting tools.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.1698-1709
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• 2016

These days, anyone can easily product and share their own content through a web service such as blogs and SNS. However, contents are being operated separately because of the space limitation in individual SNS. Therefore, it is hard to search contents efficiently in individual SNS. To solve this problem, this paper propose a "Private Contents Management and Sharing Service with Voluntary Sharing Economy System." The system is in part [Input], [Save] and it provides a way to collect the content that are scattered on the Internet based on the creation of personal index. It also proposes a more systematic content management and sharing by creating and updating the website standard index by introducing an index Coordinator concept. Furthermore in [Use] section, by providing a portion of the index as the primary search results, it avoid unclassified content list which was simply collected by users. In conclusion, unlike previous studies, this system will contribute to the acquisition and management of interspersed content and ultimately contribute to the shared activation by preventing secondary processing and unauthorized processing to the original article.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.22 no.2 s.56
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• pp.23-39
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to analyzes the present conditions of reference databases which is constructed from Korea. The object which is used in analysis concludes on KSCI( Korean Science Citation Index) of KISTI, KCI(Korean Citation Index) of KRF, KoMCI(Korean Medical Citation Index) of Korean Academy of Medical Sciences, and reference database of KOSEF. And then, this paper proposes the activation plan for reference database construction based on this analysis result. The proposed plan will be able to apply with fundamental data of the system, policy and technical direction for reference database construction.