• 제목/요약/키워드: Independent System Operator (ISO)

검색결과 18건 처리시간 0.029초

ISO Coordination of Generator Maintenance Scheduling in Competitive Electricity Markets using Simulated Annealing

  • Han, Seok-Man;Chung, Koo-Hyung;Kim, Balho-H.
    • Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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    • 제6권4호
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    • pp.431-438
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    • 2011
  • To ensure that equipment outages do not directly impact the reliability of the ISO-controlled grid, market participants request permission and receive approval for planned outages from the independent system operator (ISO) in competitive electricity markets. In the face of major generation outages, the ISO will make a critical decision as regards the scheduling of the essential maintenance for myriads of generating units over a fixed planning horizon in accordance with security and adequacy assessments. Mainly, we are concerned with a fundamental framework for ISO's maintenance coordination in order to determine precedence of conflicting outages. Simulated annealing, a powerful, general-purpose optimization methodology suitable for real combinatorial search problems, is used. Generally, the ISO will put forward its best effort to adjust individual generator maintenance schedules according to the time preferences of each power generator (GENCO) by taking advantage of several factors such as installed capacity and relative weightings assigned to the GENCOs. Thus, computer testing on a four-GENCO model is conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method and the applicability of the solution scheme to large-scale maintenance scheduling coordination problems.

경쟁적 전력시장에서 계통운용자의 발전기 예방정비계획에 관한 연구 (Generator Maintenance Scheduling of System Operator in Competitive Electricity Markets)

  • 한석만;신영균;정구형;김강원;김발호
    • 대한전기학회논문지:전력기술부문A
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    • 제53권8호
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    • pp.477-483
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    • 2004
  • In competitive electricity markets, maintenance schedule is submitted by generation companies (GENCOs) and transmission companies (TRANSCOs), and coordinated by Independent System Operator (ISO) with the adequacy criterion. This paper presents an alternative coordination procedure by ISO on the maintenance schedule. In this paper, it is focused on modeling a coordination algorithm by ISO for the maintenance schedule based on the Simulated Annealing algorithm. The proposed model employs the minimum information such as generator capacity, forced outage rate and generator maintenance schedules. The objective function of this model represents minimization of adjustment on schedules submitted by GENCOs.

Application of Differential Evolution to Dynamic Economic Dispatch Problem with Transmission Losses under Various Bidding Strategies in Electricity Markets

  • Rampriya, B.;Mahadevan, K.;Kannan, S.
    • Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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    • 제7권5호
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    • pp.681-688
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    • 2012
  • This paper presents the application of Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm to obtain a solution for Bid Based Dynamic Economic Dispatch (BBDED) problem including the transmission losses and to maximize the social profit in a deregulated power system. The IEEE-30 bus test system with six generators, two customers and two trading periods are considered under various bidding strategies in a day-ahead electricity market. By matching the bids received from supplying and distributing entities, the Independent System Operator (ISO) maximize the social profit, (with the choices available). The simulation results of DE are compared with the results of Particle swarm optimization (PSO). The results demonstrate the potential of DE algorithm and show its effectiveness to solve BBDED.

다단계 방법을 이용한 혼잡 비용의 처리 (Congestion cost allocation using multistage method)

  • 정해성;박종근;이병윤
    • 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한전기학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회 논문집 전력기술부문
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    • pp.330-333
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    • 2001
  • 본 연구에서는 쌍방향 시장에서 혼잡 비용의 처리 방법을 제시한다. 이 방법은 쌍방향 시장에서 시장의 참여자들은 혼잡을 고려하지 않고 서로 계약을 하며 만일 혼잡이 발생한다면 Independent System Operator(ISO)가 혼잡을 해결한다는 가정을 전제로 한다. ISO는 혼잡이 발생 시 조정 입찰(adjustment bidding)을 통해 전력을 매매하여 혼잡을 해소한다. 이때 ISO는 전력의 매매 비용을 최소화하도록 하는데 이 매매 비용을 혼잡 비용이라고 부른다. 그러므로 쌍방향 시장에서는 이 혼잡 비용을 시장의 참여자에게 공평하게 배분하는 방식이 중요한 문제이다. 이 문제를 해결하기 위해 여러 가지 방법이 제시되었으며 송전 제약에 대한 라그랑지 승수를 이용하는 방식도 그 중의 하나이다. 그러나 이 방식은 연속 혼잡이 발생하면 참여자에게 혼잡 비용을 정확히 배분할 수 없다. 여기서 연속 혼잡이란 혼잡 선로에 의해 다른 선로에 혼잡이 발생하는 경우를 말한다. 본 연구에서는 직류 조류를 이용한 다단계 방법을 제시하며 이 방법은 연속 혼잡을 단계별로 처리하여 기존의 방법의 문제점을 해결하였고 혼잡 비용이 참여자에게 공평히 배분되도록 하였다.

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Shapley Value를 이용한 수요반응 프로그램 참여자의 기여도 산정 연구 (Evaluation of a Contribution of Demand Response Program Using Shapley Value)

  • 김지희;위영민;주성관
    • 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한전기학회 2009년도 제40회 하계학술대회
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    • pp.533_534
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    • 2009
  • 본 논문에서는 수요반응(Demand Response) 프로그램 적용 시 각 소비자의 부하패턴 변화에 따른 계통운영자(Independent System Operator : ISO)의 총 발전비용 변화량을 Shapley Value를 이용하여 각 소비자가 총 발전비용 감소에 기여한 정도를 파악할 것이다. 또한 사례연구를 통하여 수요반응 프로그램에서의 각 부하패턴 변화 유형에 따른 총 발전비용 감소에 대한 기여도 및 Shapley Value 적용 전후의 결과를 비교 분석하였다.

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Model of Information Exchange for Decentralized Congestion Management

  • Song, Sung-Hwan;Jeong, Jae-Woo;Yoon, Yong-Tae;Moon, Seung-Il
    • Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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    • 제7권2호
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    • pp.141-150
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    • 2012
  • The present study examines an efficient congestion management system compatible with the evolving environment. The key is to build an information model shared and exchanged for marketbased solutions to alleviate congestion. Traditional methods for congestion management can be classified into two categories, i.e., the centralized scheme and the decentralized scheme, depending on the extent to which the independent system operator (ISO) is involved in market participants' (MPs) activities. Although the centralized scheme is more appropriate for providing reliable system operation and relieving congestion in near real-time, the decentralized scheme is preferred for supporting efficient market operation. The minimum set of information between the ISO and MPs for decentralized scheme is identified: i) congestion-based zone, ii) Power Transfer Distribution Factors, and iii) transmission congestion cost. The mathematical modeling of the proposed information is expressed, considering its process of making effective use of information. Numerical analysis is conducted to demonstrate both cost minimization from the MP perspective and the reliability enhancement from the ISO perspective based on the proposed information exchange scheme.

The Analysis of Active Power Control Requirements in the Selected Grid Codes for Wind Farm

  • Kim, Mi-Young;Song, Yong-Un
    • Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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    • 제10권4호
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    • pp.1408-1414
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    • 2015
  • The renewable energies such as photovoltaic power, wind power and biomass have grown to a greater extent as decarbonization techniques. The renewable energies are interconnected to power systems (or electrical grids) in order to increase benefits from economies of scale, and the extra attention is focused on the Grid Code. A grid code defines technical parameters that power plants must meet to ensure functions of power systems, and the grid code determined by considering power system characteristics is various across the country. Some TSO (Transmission System Operator) and ISO (Independent System Operator) have issued grid code for wind power and the special requirements for offshore wind farm. The main purpose of the above grid code is that wind farm in power systems has to act as the existing power plants. Therefore wind farm developer and wind turbine manufacturer have great difficulty in grasping and meeting grid code requirements. This paper presents the basic understanding for grid codes of developed countries in the wind power and trends of those technical requirements. Moreover, in grid code viewpoint, the active power control of wind power is also discussed in details.

스마트 그리드 환경 하에서 LA사업자의 DR자원 운영 시스템 설계 (DR Resource Operation System by Load Aggregator in Smart Grid)

  • 김지희;문국현;김민경;공성배;조형철;주성관;오재철
    • 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한전기학회 2011년도 제42회 하계학술대회
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    • pp.652-653
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    • 2011
  • 수요반응(DR : Demand Response)은 스마트 그리드(Smart Grid)를 구성하는 핵심 요소 중 하나이다. 본 논문에서는 스마트 그리드 환경 하에서 ISO(Independent System Operator)의 수요자원시장에 참여함과 동시에 말단 수용가들을 대상으로 다수의 DR 프로그램을 운영하는 LA(Load Aggregator)사업자의 DR자원 운영 시스템에 대한 전반적인 개념 및 흐름에 대하여 기술하였다. 또한, 스마트 그리드 하에서 LA사업자의 DR자원 운영 시스템 설계 중 LA사업자의 DR자원 최적배분 전략에 대한 개념 및 예시를 제시하였다.

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온도변동성을 고려한 전력수요예측 기반의 확률론적 수요관리량 추정 방법 (A Stochastic Pplanning Method for Semand-side Management Program based on Load Forecasting with the Volatility of Temperature)

  • 위영민
    • 전기학회논문지
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    • 제64권6호
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    • pp.852-856
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    • 2015
  • Demand side management (DSM) program has been frequently used for reducing the system peak load because it gives utilities and independent system operator (ISO) a convenient way to control and change amount of electric usage of end-use customer. Planning and operating methods are needed to efficiently manage a DSM program. This paper presents a planning method for DSM program. A planning method for DSM program should include an electric load forecasting, because this is the most important factor in determining how much to reduce electric load. In this paper, load forecasting with the temperature stochastic modeling and the sensitivity to temperature of the electric load is used for improving load forecasting accuracy. The proposed planning method can also estimate the required day, hour and total capacity of DSM program using Monte-Carlo simulation. The results of case studies are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed planning method.

ARIMA 모형을 이용한 계통한계가격 예측 방법론 개발 (Development of SMP Forecasting Method Using ARIMA Model)

  • 김대용;이찬주;박종배;신중린;전영환
    • 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한전기학회 2005년도 추계학술대회 논문집 전력기술부문
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    • pp.148-150
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    • 2005
  • Since the SMP(System Marginal Price) is a vital factor to the market participants who intend to maximize the their profit and to the ISO(Independent System Operator) who wish to operate the electricity market in a stable sense, the short-term marginal price forecasting should be performed correctly. This paper presents a methodology of a day-ahead SMP forecasting using ARIMA(Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average) based on the Time Series. And also we suggested a correction algorithm to minimize the forecasting error in order to improve efficiency and accuracy of the SMP forecasting. To show the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed method, the numerical studies have been performed using Historical data of SMP in 2004 published by KPX(Korea Power Exchange).

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