• PNF and Movement
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.185-192
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to confirm the effectiveness of the diaphragm stretching technique as a treatment method for low back pain by evaluating maximum inspiratory pressure, maximum expiratory pressure, and changes in back mobility in patients with low back pain. Methods: Thirty-four patients with low back pain were randomly divided into two groups: an experimental group and a control group. The diaphragm stretching technique was conducted in the experimental group, and the placebo intervention was conducted in the control group. The diaphragm stretching technique was conducted once, maintaining tension for 7 min. The placebo intervention was conducted in the same position as the diaphragm stretching technique, but with only light contact maintained without pressure. Maximum inspiratory pressure, maximum expiratory pressure, and back mobility were measured before and after the intervention, and the changes were compared and analyzed. A paired sample t-test was used to compare measurements within the group before and after the intervention. An independent t-test was used to compare the experimental and control groups. Statistical significance (α) was set at 0.05. Results: In the experimental group, maximum inspiratory pressure, maximum expiratory pressure, and back mobility increased significantly after the intervention (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the changes in all areas of the control (p > 0.05). As a result of comparative analysis of changes before and after the intervention, there were significant differences in maximum inspiratory pressure, maximum expiratory pressure, and back mobility only in the experimental group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The diaphragm stretching technique improved maximum inspiratory pressure, maximum expiratory pressure, and back mobility compared to the placebo intervention. Therefore, the diaphragm stretching technique can be recommended as a physical therapy intervention to improve pain in patients with LBP.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.381-392
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• 2019

Objective: The objective of this two-arm parallel trial was to compare the type of tooth movement during en masse retraction of the maxillary anterior teeth using labial versus lingual biocreative therapy. Methods: Twenty-eight subjects were randomized in a 1 : 1 ratio to either the labial or lingual group. En masse anterior retraction was performed using labial biocreative therapy in group A and lingual biocreative therapy in group B. Cone beam computed tomography scans were taken before and after retraction and the primary outcome was the type of tooth movement during anterior retraction. Data were analyzed using paired t-tests for comparisons within each group and independent-sample t-test for comparison of the mean treatment changes between the two groups. Results: Significant differences were found between the two groups in relation to the type of tooth movement (labiolingual inclination of the central incisor; mean difference, $5.85{\pm}1.85^{\circ}$). The canine showed significant distal tipping in the lingual group (mean difference, $6.98{\pm}1.25^{\circ}$). The canine was significantly more intruded in the lingual group (mean difference, $1.67{\pm}0.49mm$). Good anchorage control and significant soft tissue changes occurred in both groups. No serious adverse effects were detected. Conclusions: With a 10-mm retraction hook, the labial biocreative technique with the reverse curve overlay provided anterior retraction with good torque control, while in the lingual group, anterior retraction occurred with controlled tipping movement with significant distal tipping and intrusion of the canine (trial registration: The trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov [NCT03239275]).

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.97-111
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• 2004

This study, adopting the pretest-post test experimental study, is designed to find out how the functional electrical stimulation makes effect on the balance of a patient with spasticity of the ankle plantarflexor muscle caused by hemiplegic after stroke. The 46 subjects for this study were randomly sampled out of the patients who were hospitalized from September 1, 2003 to November 30, 2003 in H sanitarium in Yangpyung. The patients were with spasticity of the ankle plantarflexor muscle caused by hemiplegic after stroke and able to walk without supporting implements. The purpose of the study is firstly to analyze the change of ROM, FRTof a patient with spasticity of the ankle plantarflexor muscle when the functional electrical stimulation is applied and secondly to find out how the sex, age, height, weight, part of the diagnosis, duration of pain, experience of relapse and getting hurt from a fall of a patient make effect on the change. The experimental group for the study is divided into two to compare the differences of the effect. The exercising treatment only was performed for the conrtol group, and the functional electrical stimulation to the ankle dorsiflexor muscle as well as the exercising treatment was applied to the experimental group. The ROM test was performed to check the range of motion of the ankle with a double armed universal goniometer. The test was done 3 times to take an average. FRT were performed to check the balance. The statistical test was conducted using the SPSS 10.0/PC program by means of the following methods: χ2-test and t-test for testing homogeneity between the groups; paired t-test, independent sample t-test, F-test, and two-way ANOVA for analyzing the changes before and after the treatment. The levels of statistical significance of all the data were maintained at p<.05. According to the test, ROM has more decreased in experimental group than in control group when the functional electrical stimulation was applied only to the experimental group. However, the significant statistic difference was not shown (p=.059). FRT showed remarkable differences in the experimental group compared to the control group, showing the significant statistic difference (p=.000). On the one hand, the change of ROM, FRT related with the sex, age, height, weight, part of the diagnosis, and experience relapse was a meaningless minimum value. The change of ROM related to the duration of pain and the experience of falling down was also meaningless. However, FRT showed significant statistic difference (p<.05). According to the test above, the application of functional electrical stimulation to a patient with spasticity of the ankle dorsiflexor muscle caused by hemiplegic after stroke makes significant effect on the balance of a patient, but the result has nothing with the sex, age, height, weight, part of the diagnosis, duration of pain, experience of relapse and getting hurt from a fall of a patient. However, it is regarded to give contribution to the balance improvement of a patient. Therefore, this study expects to be a valuable clinical material for a patient with spasticity.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.21-29
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• 2008

Objectives : To investigate the therapeutic effects of SBVP in the treatment of patients with cancer-related pain. Design : A prospective randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of SBVP. Setting : The study was conducted at the East West Cancer Center of Daejeon University Dunsan Oriental Hospital from March 1, 2007 to June 20, 2007. Patients : 11 patients diagnosed with cancer-related pain of over 3rd degree on the Numeric Rating Scale(NRS)(0, no pain at all, 10, worst pain imaginable) were entered into a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of SBVP. They were randomized into Groups A and B(SBVP and control group, respectively) using the table of random sampling numbers and never informed of their affiliation by the coordinator. 5 of 6 patients in Group A and 4 of 5 patients in Group B completed the clinical trial. Intervention : SBVP(1ml/day) for group A and Normal Saline Placebo(1ml/day) for group B was injected into the abdomen acupoint, Zhong Wan(CV 12). The treatment was administered daily for five days. Outcome Measures : Degree of cancer-related pain was measured using the Numeric Rating Scale(NRS) before and after each treatment for "Pain right now" and "Average pain in last 24 hours". Statistical Analysis : Analysis regarding variations in NRS was carried out by applying t-tests(independent sample t-test and paired sample t-test) and Wilcoxon signed rank test with level of significance at 5%. Results : Differences in NRS of "Pain right now" for the two groups were statistically significant. The mean improvement point of SBVP was significantly higher than the control group($2.48^{\circ}{\pm}1.52$ vs $0.97^{\circ}{\pm}1.88$, p<0.05). Differences in average pain score before and after treatment in SBVP group were also significant($5.13^{\circ}{\pm}1.77$ vs $2.65^{\circ}{\pm}0.67$, p<0.05) compared with control group. The two groups showed no significant differences for long term effects in "Average pain in last 24 hours." Conclusion : Although further study will be needed on the large scale, SBVP shows potential as an effective treatment for immediate relief of cancer-related pain.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.115-125
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• 2024

PURPOSE. The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the fracture resistance, surface hardness, and color stain of 3D printed, CAD-CAM milled, and conventional interim materials. MATERIALS AND METHODS. A total of 80 specimens were fabricated from auto polymerizing polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), bis-acryl composite resin, CAD-CAM polymethyl methacrylate resin (milled), and 3D printed composite resin (printed) (n = 20). Forty of them were crown-shaped, on which fracture strength test was performed (n = 10). The others were disc-shaped specimens (10 mm × 2 mm) and divided into two groups for surface hardness and color stainability tests before and after thermal cycling in coffee solution (n = 10). Color parameters were measured with a spectrophotometer before and after each storage period, and color differences (CIEDE2000 [DE00]) were calculated. The distribution of variables was measured with the Kolmogorov Smirnov test, and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Tukey HSD, Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney U tests were used in the analysis of quantitative independent data. Paired sample t-test was used in the analysis of dependent quantitative data (P < .05). RESULTS. The highest crown fracture resistance values were determined for the 3D printed composite resin (P < .05), and the lowest were observed in the bis-acryl composite resin (P < .05). Before and after thermal cycling, increase in mean hardness values were observed only in 3D printed composite resin (P < .05) and the highest ΔE₀₀ value were observed in PMMA resin for all materials (P < .05). CONCLUSION. 3D printing and CAD-CAM milled interim materials showed better fracture strength. After the coffee thermal cycle, the highest surface hardness value was again found in 3D printing and CAD-CAM milled interim samples and the color change of the bis-acryl resin-based samples and the additive production technique was higher than the PMMA resin and CAD-CAM milled resin samples.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.164-171
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• 2010

본 연구의 목적은 중학교 2학년 과학 '지구와 별' 단원의 학습에 3D 천문 프로그램(Starry Night pro 6.0)을 활용한 수업을 실시한 후 과학 학업성취도, 과학 관련 태도, 자기 주도적 학습능력에 미치는 영향을 분석하여 학습효과와 학생의 인식을 알아보는데 있다. 연구대상은 중학교 2학년 198명의 학생이며 6차시에 걸쳐 3D 천문 프로그램(Starry Night pro 6.0)을 활용한 수업을 실시한 후 적용하기 전과 후의 조사를 통하여 그 학습효과를 분석하였다. 검사결과는 독립표본 t-검정과 대응표본 t-검정을 이용하여 분석하였다. 첫째, 3D 천문 프로그램을 활용한 수업이 전통적 수업 보다 학업성취도에서 유의미한 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다(p<.05). 그러나 3D 천문 프로그램을 활용한 수업이 과학 관련태도에 미치는 효과의 분석에서는 유의미한 효과가 없는 것으로 나타났으며(p>.05), 자기주도적 학습능력의 향상에는 효과적이라는 결과를 얻을 수 있었다(p<.05). 본 연구의 결과는 '3D planetarium software를 활용한 수업은 8학년 과학수업에서 효과적이었다는 것을 보여준다.'라고 끝마치고 있다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.193-199
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• 2018

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate electric moxibustion on patients with back pain caused by road traffic accidents. Methods: This was a retrospective study (n = 112) comparing treatment with Korean medicine combined with electric moxibustion (n = 56), and Korean medicine alone (n = 56). Patient gender, age, Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and EuroQol-5 Dimension (EQ-5D) was recorded for each group at the time of hospital admission. Mean NRS measured weekly, mean ODI and EQ-5D scores were measured 2 weeks post-treatment, and evaluated by paired sample t test. using the Statistical Program for Social Science v. 25.0 for Windows. An independent, two-sample t test was used to test for a significant difference in the decrement of NRS, ODI and increment EQ-5D scores between groups. Results: NRS scores decreased in both groups after 1 week of treatment (electric moxibustion, from $5.13{\pm}0.79$ to $3.86{\pm}0.67$; Korean medicine alone, from $5.18{\pm}0.92$ to $4.30{\pm}0.94$; both p < 0.001). There was a significantly greater reduction in NRS score in the electric moxibustion group ($1.27{\pm}0.59$) than in the Korean medicine alone group ($0.88{\pm}0.61$; p = 0.001). After 2 weeks of treatment, EQ-5D scores increased significantly in the moxibustion group ($0.19{\pm}0.12$) compared with the Korean medicine alone group ($0.13{\pm}0.20$; p = 0.043). After 2 weeks of treatment, NRS and ODI scores decreased in both groups. EQ-5D increased in both groups. Conclusion: We suggest that electric moxibustion treatment may be effective for reducing early-stage back pain in patients with road traffic accident injuries.

• 인간행동과 음악연구
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.41-62
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• 2017

본 연구는 경찰공무원의 직무스트레스와 피로 감소에 선호음악 감상이 미치는 영향을 검증하였다. 사전-사후 검사 통제집단 설계로 실험집단 19명은 선호음악 체크리스트에 근거한 약 20분의 개별 음원을 감상하였고, 통제집단 21명은 단순 휴식을 취하였다. 측정도구는 Lee(1999)가 개발한 직무스트레스 척도와 일본산업위생협회 산업피로연구회(Japan Association of Industrial Health Industrial Fatigue Research Committee, 1970)에서 개발한 피로 자각 증상 척도를 사용하였다. 선호음악 감상 중재는 2016년 10월 11일-19일까지 총 6회기에 걸쳐 진행되었다. 수집된 데이터는 SPSS for Windows 22.0로 통계 분석 처리하였는데 두 집단의 동질성 검증과 집단 간 사전-사후 검사는 독립표본 t 검증을 실시하였고, 실험집단 내 사전-사후 검사는 대응표본 t 검증을 실시하였다. 분석 결과, 실험집단과 통제집단 간 직무스트레스 전체점수와 실험집단 내 직무스트레스 사전-사후 점수 모두에 유의한 차이가 있었다(p < .05). 또한 실험집단과 통제집단 간 피로도와 실험집단 내 피로도 감소에도 모두 유의한 차이가 나타났다(p < .05). 본 연구에서는 편의적 표집방법을 사용하였으므로 결과를 일반화할 수 없다는 연구의 제한점을 가지고 있다. 반면, 경찰공무원의 직무스트레스와 피로 감소에 있어 집단 간, 집단 내에서 선호음악 감상이 유의한 효과가 있음을 입증한 것에 의의가 있다. 후속연구에서는 수용적 음악감상과 더불어 적극적 음악치료 활동을 제공하여 경찰공무원의 직무스트레스와 피로 감소에 효과성을 높일 수 있는 중재를 제언한다.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제28권12호
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• pp.1293-1303
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 식물군락이 조성된 일부 학교 정온시설을 선택하여 도로교통소음 특성을 파악하고 식물군락 유무에 따른 소음의 효과를 분석하였다. 차량을 4가지로 분류할 때 전체 교통량에 가장 기여하는 차량은 소형차로 나타났고 전체 교통량 대비 도로소음에 가장 영향을 미치는 차량은 오토바이로 나타났다. 교통량(Q)과 자롱차 속력(V) 관계에서 자동차 속력이 증가할수록 소음도는 감소하였다. 하지만 자동차를 4가지로 분류한 후 각 자동차 속력의 분포별로 분석한 결과, 소형차의 경우 교통량은 $2016{\leq}Q{\leq}2388$ 및 속력 67 km/h에서 소음도가 감소한 결과를 제외한 모든 구간의 교통량에 따른 속력에서 소음도가 증가하였다. 또한 다른 차종(중형차, 대형차, 오토바이 등)에서는 교통량에 따른 차량속력에 의해 모든 구간에서 소음도가 증가하였다. 식물군락 유무에 따른 두 집단 차이를 쌍체 t 검정을 수행한 결과 두 집단간 차이(p<0.05)가 있었고 식물군락이 존재하지 않는 지역에서 주간과 야간의 차이를 이표본 t 검정을 수행한 결과 두 집단 간 차이(p<0.05)가 있었다. 하지만 식물군락이 존재할 경우 주간과 야간의 차이를 비교시 두 집단 차이(p>0.05)가 없었다.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.153-161
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• 2021

연구목적 본 연구는 주요우울장애 환자들을 대상으로, 혈소판기능분석기(Platelet Function Analyzer, PFA-100)를 사용하여 선택적 세로토닌 재흡수 억제제(Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors, SSRI)와 세로토닌 노르에피네프린 재흡수 억제제(Serotonin Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors, SNRI)의 출혈 경향성을 분석하고, 두 군 사이의 차이를 비교 분석하고자 하였다. 방 법 본 연구는 단일 기관에서 시행된 전향적 개방연구로 DSM-5 진단기준에 의해 주요우울장애로 진단받은 총 41명을 대상으로 하였다. 대상군을 무작위 배정에 따라 각각 SSRI (Escitalopram) 투여군과, SNRI (Duloxetine) 투여군으로 분류하였다. 각 항우울제를 투여 받기 전과 6주가 지난 시점에 혈소판기능분석기(Platelet Function Analyzer, PFA-100)를 이용하여 폐색시간(Closure Time, CT)을 측정하였다. 특정 항우울제가 폐색시간에 영향을 미치는지 알아보기 위해 각 군 내에서 대응표본 t-검정(Paired t-test)을 시행하였고, 두 군 사이에 혈소판 기능의 상대적인 변화를 확인하기 위해 공분산 분석(Analysis Of Covariance, ANCOVA)을 시행하여 두 군의 폐색시간의 변화를 비교 분석하였다. 결 과 SSRI군과 SNRI군에서 약물 투여 전과 6주후 폐색시간(CEPI-CT, CADP-CT)에 대한 유의한 변화는 없었고, 두 군 간의 폐색시간 변화량에도 차이가 없었다. 결 론 혈소판기능분석기(Platelet Function Analyzer, PFA-100)를 통해 SSRI인 Escitalopram과 SNRI인 Duloxetine간의 출혈경향성에 차이가 없음을 보였다. 향후 다양한 항우울제를 대상으로 출혈경향성에 대한 추가적인 대규모 연구가 필요할 것으로 보인다.