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Prediction Model of Exercise Behavior in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (류마티스 관절염 환자의 운동 행위 예측 요인)

  • 이은옥;김인자;김종임;강현숙;배상철
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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    • v.31 no.4
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    • pp.681-691
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    • 2001
  • Purpose: The exercise status in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, associations between exercise behavior and personal factors, and associations between exercise behavior and exercise-specific cognitions and their effects were assessed. Method: Four hundred thirty nine outpatients with rheumatoid arthritis were studied. The exercise status was measured by a single item. The intensity was multiplied by the frequency and duration of each exercise. The product of these intensity values for all exercises was defined as exercise behavior. Based on the Pender's revised health promotion model, exercise benefit, barrier, self-efficacy, enjoyment and social support were chosen as exercise specific cognitions and affect variables. Path analysis was used to identify the predictors of exercise behavior. Results: Compared to the duration before being diagnosed, the number of subjects who exercised regularly increased after being diagnosed. However over half of the subjects refrain from any sort of exercise and the type of exercise is very limited. Among the variables, exercise barrier, self-efficacy, and social support were found to be significant predictors of exercise behavior, and only previous exercise experience was found to be significant predictors of all behavior specific cognitions and affect variables. Conclusion: These findings suggest that studies should explore exercise behaviors and strategies to emphasize the cognitive-motivational messages to promote exercise behaviors.

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Effects of a Cell Phone Use Education Program on Knowledge, Attitude, Self-efficacy, and Self-control of Cell Phone Use in Elementary School Students (휴대전화 사용교육 프로그램이 초등학생의 휴대전화 사용 지식, 태도, 자기 효능감 및 자기 통제력에 미치는 효과)

  • Koo, Hyun-Young
    • Child Health Nursing Research
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    • v.18 no.3
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    • pp.109-118
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    • 2012
  • Purpose: This study was done to develop an education program on cell phone use for elementary school students, and examine its effects on their knowledge, attitude, self-efficacy, and self-control in cell phone use. Methods: The study was designed using a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The participants were 64 elementary school students (31 in the experimental group and 33 in the control group). Students in the experimental group were given the education program on cell phone use. The data were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 19.0 program. Results: Students in the experimental group reported increased knowledge and attitude regarding cell phone use which were significantly higher than students in the control group (p<.001, p<.001). But, self-efficacy and self-control for students in the experimental group were not different from those in the control group. Conclusion: The study results indicate that the education program for cell phone use is effective in increasing knowledge and attitude regarding cell phone use in elementary school students.

Efficacy of Herbal Medicine as an Adjunctive Therapy of Chemotherapy for Cervical Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

  • Oh, Seung Yun;Kim, Mi Suk;Joo, Jong Cheon;Song, Yung Sun
    • Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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    • v.34 no.5
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    • pp.255-262
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    • 2020
  • This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of herbal medicine (HM) combined with chemotherapy (CT) for cervical cancer. Ten electronic databases including Pubmed, Cochrane library, Embase, Korean databases, and Chinese medical databases were systematically searched up to October 2019. All randomized controlled trials with HM combined with CT to treat cervical cancer were included. A total of 21 trials were included for analysis. Compared to the control group, HM combined with CT group significantly increased tumor response (complete and partial response) (risk ratio [RR] = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.15-1.33, p < 0.00001) and Karnofsky performance score (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 1.71, 95% CI: 1.41-2.01, p < 0.00001). Also, HM combined with CT group remarkably reduced CT toxicity. In Conclusion, our study suggests that HM might be a potential option for cervical cancer to enhance curative efficacy and reduce CT toxicity.

Pre-emptive analgesia efficacy of piroxicam versus tramadol in oral surgery

  • Tejdeep, Muthuluri;Siddardha Gowtam, Chandrupatla;Ritesh, Rajan;Viveka V., Reddy;Dinesh K., Jhawar;Abhinand, Potturi
    • Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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    • v.22 no.6
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    • pp.443-450
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    • 2022
  • Background: This double-blind randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted to evaluate the pre-emptive analgesia and anti-inflammatory efficacy of piroxicam compared with tramadol in patients undergoing oral surgery. Methods: Seventy-eight patients who required extraction of impacted mandibular third molars were randomized into three treatment groups of 26 patients each: group I received 100 mg of tramadol, group II received 20 mg of piroxicam, and group III received a placebo. Drugs were administered intramuscularly 30 min prior to the extraction procedure. Results: Pain intensity, time to first analgesic administration, total analgesic consumption, facial edema, and trismus were the outcomes of interest. The group receiving 20 mg of piroxicam showed significantly lower pain intensity, increased time to first analgesic, and reduced edema from preoperative to postoperative day seven than those in the tramadol and placebo groups. Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that piroxicam had significant pain relief efficacy after third molar surgery compared with that in tramadol.

Synergistic Antifungal Activity of Phellodendri Cortex and Magnoliae Cortex against Candida albicans

  • NA, Hyunjeong;KIM, Tae-Jong
    • Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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    • v.50 no.1
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    • pp.12-30
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    • 2022
  • Many studies on plant extracts have been reported for the treatment of candidiasis caused by Candida albicans, a representative fungal infection. This study demonstrates the synergistic antifungal activity of the combination of Phellodendri Cortex and Magnoliae Cortex, previously reported to have antifungal efficacy. Considering the antifungal efficacy and the separation of the active constituents, berberine and magnolol, hot water extraction and carbon dioxide supercritical extraction were selected for Phellodendri Cortex and Magnoliae Cortex, respectively. A combination of 0.55 g/L hot water extract of Phellodendri Cortex and 0.59 g/L carbon dioxide supercritical extract of Magnoliae Cortex showed synergistic antifungal activity. The synergistic antifungal activity of 160 μM berberine and 100 μM magnolol, which are representative antifungal compounds of Phellodendri Cortex and Magnoliae Cortex, respectively, contributes to the synergistic antifungal effect of their extracts. The additive decrease in cellular ergosterol level and the increased antifungal efficacy by extracellular ergosterol suggest that disruption of the biological function of ergosterol in the cell membrane is not responsible for the synergistic antifungal activity of berberine and magnolol. Synergistic cellular release of chromosomal DNA upon mixing berberine and magnolol indicates that disruption of the cellular structure is responsible for the synergistic antifungal effect of berberine and magnolol.

GBA inhibition suppresses ovarian cancer growth, survival and receptor tyrosine kinase AXL-mediated signaling pathways

  • Gang Wang;Baisha Ouyang;Fang Jing;Xiaoyan Dai
    • The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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    • v.27 no.1
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    • pp.21-29
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    • 2023
  • The poor outcome of advanced ovarian cancer under conventional therapy necessitates new strategies to improve therapeutic efficacy. β-glucosidase (encoded by GBA) is a lysosomal enzyme and is involved in sphingolipids metabolism. Recent studies revealed that β-glucosidase plays a role in cancer development and chemoresistance. In this work, we systematically evaluated the expression and role of GBA in ovarian cancer. Our work demonstrates that inhibition of β-glucosidase has therapeutic potential for ovarian cancer. Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis database, western blot and immunohistochemistry analyses of patient samples demonstrated that GBA mRNA and protein expression levels were significantly increased in ovarian cancer compared to normal tissues. Functional studies using gainof-function and loss-of-function approaches demonstrated that GBA overexpression did not affect growth and migration but alleviated cisplatin's efficacy in ovarian cancer cells. In addition, GBA depletion resulted in growth inhibition, apoptosis induction, and enhancement of cisplatin's efficacy. Of note, we found that GBA inhibition specifically decreased receptor tyrosine kinase AXL level, leading to the suppression of AXL-mediated signaling pathways. Our data suggest that GBA represents a promising target to inhibit AXL signaling and overcome cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer.

Moderating Effect of General Self-Efficacy on the Relationship between Pregnancy Stress, Daily Hassles Stress, and Preterm Birth Risk in Women Experiencing Preterm Labor: A Cross-Sectional Study

  • Cho, Hyun-Jeong;Kim, Jeung-Im
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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    • v.54 no.3
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    • pp.329-339
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    • 2024
  • Purpose: This study investigated the moderating role of general self-efficacy (GSE) on how stress caused by pregnancy and daily hassle affect the risk of preterm birth (PTB) in women experiencing preterm labor. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 196 pregnant women experiencing preterm labor before 37 weeks of gestation. We used IBM SPSS Statistics 27 and employed Hayes process macro version 4 (model 1) and hierarchical regression to analyze the moderating effect of GSE on the relationship between pregnancy stress, daily hassle stress, and PTB risk. Results: Stress caused by pregnancy and daily hassle was positively correlated to PTB risk (r = .54, p < .001; r = .25, p < .001, respectively). While GSE did not significantly correlate with pregnancy stress, it negatively correlated with daily hassle stress (r = - .19, p = .009). GSE significantly moderated the relationship between combined stressors and PTB risk. As GSE levels increased, escalation in PTB risk in response to increasing stress levels was a more pronounced, highlighting a complex interaction between higher GSE levels and response to escalating stress levels. This model accounted for 39.5% of the variance in the PTB risk. Conclusion: Higher GSE may amplify the impact of stress on PTB risk, rather than mitigate it, which suggests a more nuanced role of GSE in the stress response of pregnant women at risk of preterm labor. GSE should be considered in care strategies, and managing its impact on stress perception and responses in pregnant women is crucial.

Efficacy of Cr (III) Supplementation on Growth, Carcass Composition, Blood Metabolites, and Endocrine Parameters in Finishing Pigs

  • Wang, M.Q.;He, Y.D.;Lindemann, M.D.;Jiang, Z.G.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • v.22 no.10
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    • pp.1414-1419
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    • 2009
  • The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of trivalent chromium from different sources on growth, carcass composition, and serum parameters in finishing pigs. Ninety-six crossbred pigs with an initial average body weight of 65.57${\pm}$1.05 kg were blocked by body weight and randomly assigned to four treatments with three replicates. Pigs were offered one of four diets including a control diet or the control diet supplemented with 200 ${\mu}g/kg$ chromium from either chromium chloride ($CrCl_{3}$), chromium picolinate (CrPic) or chromium nanocomposite (CrNano) for 40 days. After completion of the feeding trial, eight pigs from each treatment were selected to collect blood samples, and slaughtered to measure carcass composition. The results showed that supplemental chromium had no significant effect on growth performance, while CrNano increased carcass lean proportion and loin Longissimus muscle area (p<0.05), and decreased carcass fat proportion and 10th rib backfat depth (p<0.05). CrPic supplementation also resulted in lower fat proportion and larger Longissimus muscle area (p<0.05). The addition of Cr from CrNano or CrPic decreased serum glucose (p<0.05) and increased concentrations of total protein and free fat acid in serum (p<0.05). Serum urea nitrogen, triglyceride and cholesterol were decreased (p<0.05), and serum high density lipoprotein and lipase activity were increased (p<0.05) with the supplementation of CrNano. Serum insulin was decreased (p<0.05) by supplemental Cr from CrNano or CrPic, and serum insulin-like growth factor I was increased significantly in the CrNano treated group. These results suggest that chromium nanocomposite has higher efficacy on carcass composition in pigs compared to the traditional chromium sources.

Efficacy and Safety of an Increased-dose of Dexamethasone in Patients Receiving Fosaprepitant Chemotherapy in Japan

  • Kumagai, Hozumi;Kusaba, Hitoshi;Okumura, Yuta;Komoda, Masato;Nakano, Michitaka;Tamura, Shingo;Uchida, Mayako;Nagata, Kenichiro;Arita, Shuji;Ariyama, Hiroshi;Takaishi, Shigeo;Akashi, Koichi;Baba, Eishi
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • v.15 no.1
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    • pp.461-465
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    • 2014
  • Background: Antiemetic triplet therapy including dexamethasone (DEX) is widely used for patients receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC). In Japan, the appropriate dose of DEX has not been established for this combination. Materials and Methods: To assess the efficacy and safety of increased-dose DEX, we retrospectively examined patients receiving HEC with antiemetic triplet therapy. Results: Twenty-four patients (fosaprepitant group) were given an increased-dose of DEX (average total dose: 45.8mg), fosaprepitant, and 5-HT3 antagonist. A lower-dose of DEX (33.6mg), oral aprepitant, and 5-HT3 antagonist were administered to the other 48 patients (aprepitant group). The vomiting control rates in the fosaprepitant and aprepitant groups were 100% and 85.4% in the acute phase, and were 75.0% and 64.6% in the delayed phase. The incidences of toxicity were similar comparing the two groups. Conclusions: Triplet therapy using an increased-dose of DEX is suggested to be safe and effective for patients receiving HEC.

Organic Water Additive on Growth Performances, Hematological Parameters and Cost Effectiveness in Broiler Production

  • Saha, Munmun;Chowdhury, Sachidananda Das;Hossain, Md. Elias;Islam, Md. Kamrul;Roy, Bishwajit
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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    • v.53 no.6
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    • pp.517-523
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    • 2011
  • The experiment was conducted with 144 broiler chicks from day-old to 5 weeks of age to investigate the efficacy of a water additive in broiler production. The chicks were randomly distributed into four different treatments namely T1 (control), T2 (water additive as per recommendation level), T3 (25% less than recommendation) and T4 (25% more than recommendation). Body weight of control group was higher in 2nd week of age, but at the end of the experiment additive groups showed higher values compare to control (p<0.05). Body weight gain was increased and feed conversion ratio was improved in the additives groups during the finishing and total period, although feed intake was different among the additive groups (p<0.05). When the hematological parameters were evaluated, packed cell volume and total erythrocytes counts were increased in the additive group that received 25% more than recommendation, and hemoglobin in 25% less than recommendation group. Mean cell volume and mean cell hemoglobin of the additive groups showed lower (p<0.05) values compare to the control, but other parameters were not affected. Sales price and profit were significantly higher in the additive groups compare to the control, although total production cost was increased in the additive groups (p<0.05). All levels of water additive increased profit in comparison with the control but 25% less than recommendation level appeared to be most profitable and cost effective. It also suggests that any additive considered for poultry, must undergo trial for determining efficacy as well as its cost effectiveness for application.