• 한국윤활학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국윤활학회 2002년도 proceedings of the second asia international conference on tribology
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• pp.379-380
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• 2002

Steam generators (S/G) of pressurized water reactors are large heat exchangers that use the heat from the primary reactor coolant to make steam in the secondary side for driving turbine generators. Reciprocating sliding wear experiments have been performed to examine the wear properties of Incoloy 800 and Inconel 690 steam generator tubes in high temperature water. In present study, the test rig was designed to examine the reciprocating and rolling wear properties in high temperature (room temperature - $300^{\circ}C$) water. The test was performed at constant applied load and sliding distance to investigate the effect of test temperature on wear properties of steam generator tube materials. To investigate the wear mechanism of material, the worn surfaces were observed using scanning electron microscopy. At $290^{\circ}C$, wear rate of Inconel 690 was higher than that of Incoloy 800. It was assumed to be resulted from the oxide layer property difference due to the a\loy composition difference. Between 25 and $150^{\circ}C$ the wear loss increased with increasing temperature. Beyond $150^{\circ}C$, the wear loss decreased with increasing temperature. The wear loss change with temperature were due to the formation of wear protective oxide layer. From the worn surface observation, texture patterns and wear particle layers were found. As test temperature increased, the proportion of particle layer increased.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.33-38
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• 2005

Fretting is the oscillatory motion with very small amplitudes, which usually occurs between two solid surfaces in contact. Fretting wear is the removal of material from contacting surfaces through fretting action. Fretting wear of steam generator tubes in nuclear power plant becomes a serious problem in recent years. The materials for the tubes usually are Inconel 690 (I-690) and Inconel 600 (I-600). In this paper, fretting wear tests for I-690 and I-600 were performed under various applied loads in water at room temperature. Results showed that the fretting wear loss of I-690 and I-600 tubes was largely influenced by stick-slip. The fretting wear mechanisms were the abrasive wear in slip regime and the delamination wear in stick regime. Also, I-690 had somewhat better wear resistance than I-600.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.90-96
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• 2008

The objective of this paper is to investigate the effects of the laser power, the material thickness, comer angles, and the loop size on the formation of the comer in the cutting of Inconel 718 super-alloy sheet using high-power CW Nd: YAG laser. In order to investigate the influence of comer angles and loop sizes on the melted area and the formation of comer in the sharp comer, angular cutting tests and loop cutting tests were carried out. The results of the angular cutting tests were shown that the melted area is minimized and the melting mode is changed from nose melting in the thickness direction to the secondary melting induced by the attached dross when the comer angle is $90^{\circ}$. Through the results of loop cutting tests, the variation of the melted area and the comer shape in the sharp comer according to the loop size were examined. In addition, it was shown that a proper loop size is approximately 3 mm. The results of above experiments will be reflected on the knowledge base to generate optimal cutting path of the laser.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.551-556
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• 2018

대부분의 용융 아연 도금 설비에 사용되고 있는 소재는 SM45C(기계구조용 탄소강, KS규격)으로, 주로 저렴한 가격적인 측면에 의해 사용되고 있다. 용융 아연 도금의 특성상 해당 용탕에서 발생되어 올라오는 Zn Fume과 고온의 열에 의한 도금 설비의 산화가 발생되고 있으며 현재 용융 아연 도금 설비의 교체 주기의 시기는 6개월으로 많은 시간과 설비 비용이 낭비 되어오고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 다양한 소재들(Inconel625, STS304, SM45C)을 이용하여 고온과 Zn Fume 환경에서 강제로 산화 시켜 각각의 부식성을 확인하고 비교 분석하였으며, 각 소재들의 용융 아연 도금 현장 설비에 적용 가능성을 파악하고자 진행하였다. 강제 산화 실험은 650도의 대기로 내에 Zn 용탕을 두고, Ar 가스를 용탕 내에서 직접 버블링하여 Zn fume를 발생시켜 고온, Zn fume에 의한 부식을 행하는 실험을 하였다. 30일 후 Sample들을 꺼내어 표면의 산화층을 EDS, SEM으로 확인하고, 동전위분극 시험을 이용하여 부식성을 비교 분석하였다.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.354-358
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• 1998

Inconel 719 선재의 경도에 미치는 냉간신선가공량과 시효시간의 영향을 경도측정과 전자현미경을 사용하여 조사하였다. 고용화처리된 재료의 경도는 245Hzv이었으나 50% 냉간신선가공으로 450Hv까지 증가했다. 경도값은 시효시간이 증가함에 따라 초기에 증가하다 감소하는 것으로 나타났으며, 시효 초기 경도증가는 $\gamma^{"}$과 $\gamma^{'}$ 상의 석출에 의한 것이며, 최고경도 이후의 경도감소는$\gamma^{'}$상이 $\delta$상으로 변태되었기 때문이다. 냉간가공도가 증가함에 따라 최고경도에 이르는 시간은 감소되어 0, 30, 50%가공재들에 대해 각각 30, 10, 5분으로 나타났다. 이는 냉간가공으로 인해 $\gamma^{'}$ / $\gamma^{'}$ 상의 석출이 촉진되었기 때문이다. 50%가공재의 경우 1116K에서 5분 시효로$\Upsilon^{'}$ 및 $\Upsilon^{'}$상들이 석출되었다. 또한 50%가공재에서는 초기경도 이하로 경도값이 감소되었는데, 이와 같은 경도값의 큰 감소는 재결정이 일어났기 때문이다.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제14권11호
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• pp.813-820
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• 2004

The electrolytic reduction of spent oxide fuel involves the liberation of oxygen in a molten LiCl electrolyte, which is a chemically aggressive environment that is very corrosive for typical structural materials. So, it is essential to choose the optimum material for the process equipment handling molten salt. In this study, corrosion behavior of Haynes 263, 75, and Inconel X-750, 718 in molten salt of $LiCl-Li_{2}O$ under oxidation atmosphere was investigated at $650^{\circ}C\;for\;72\sim360$ hours. At $3\;wt\%\;of\;Li_{2}O$, Haynes 263 alloy showed the highest corrosion resistance among the examined alloys, and up to $8\;wt\%\;of\;Li_{2}O$, Haynes 75 exhibited the highest corrosion resistance. Corrosion products were formed $Li(Ni,Co)O_2,\;LiNiO_2\;and\;LiTiO_2\;and\;Cr_{2}O_3$ on Haynes 263, $Cr_{2}O_3,\;NiFe_{2}O_4,\;LiNiO_2,\;Li_{2}NiFe_{2}O_4,\;Li_{2}Ni_{8}O_10$ and Ni on Haynes 75, $Cr_{2}O_3,\;(Al,Nb,Ti)O_2,\;NiFe_{2}O_4,\;and\;Li_{2}NiFe_{2}O_4$ on Inconel X-750 and $Cr_{2}O_3,\;NiFe_{2}O_4\;and\;CrNbO_4$ on Inconel 718, respectively. Haynes 263 showed local corrosion behavior and Haynes 75, Inconel X-750, 718 showed uniform corrosion behavior.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.49-54
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• 2017

In this study, the volumetric heat source in electron beam welding (EBW) is modeled through finite element method taking advantage of ABAQUS software package. Since this welding method is being applied in plates with different thicknesses and also considering that residual stresses reduce the strength of these weldments, the effect of thickness in the distribution and magnitude of residual stresses after welding is studied. Regarding the vast application of Inconel 706 super-alloy in aerospace industries, this material was selected in the current research. In order to validate the finite element model, the obtained results were compared to those of other researchers in this area, and good agreement was observed. The simulation results revealed that increase in the plate thickness leads to increase in the residual stresses. In addition heat treatment in the base metal (before welding) increases the residual stresses significantly.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.70-73
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• 2010

A magnetic phase is partly produced in a steam generator tube due to stress and heat, because steam generator tubes are exposed to high temperature, high pressure and radioactivity conditions. This adversely affects the safety of steam generator tubes. However, it is difficult to detect it using conventional eddy current methods. Therefore, a new type of probe is needed to separate the signals from the defects and magnetic phases. In this study, a new U-type yoke, which contained two types of coils, a magnetizing coil and detecting coil, was designed. In addition, the signal induced by the magnetic phase and defect in an Inconel 600 plate were simulated.

• 한국윤활학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국윤활학회 1999년도 제30회 추계학술대회
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• pp.78-83
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• 1999

Fretting Wear Behavior and Characteristics were investigated with Inconel 690 tube which is used in Nuclear Power Plant. Fretting Wear Tester has been engaged in the study of characteristics on tube fretted induced to various factors, i.e. vibration amplitude, contact type, material properties load support geometry, environmental effect Test has been performed in air and at room temperature. Wear volume rate has been approximately estimated as a function of normal load.

• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.20-28
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• 2012

친환경 추진제인 과산화수소의 성능 향상을 위해 블렌딩 기법을 적용하였다. 90 wt.% 과산화수소에 독성이 낮은 에탄올을 블렌딩 하였으며, 저장성 평가 결과 연료에 의한 저장성 저하는 나타나지 않았다. 재료 적합성 및 내열 평가 결과 Inconel X750과 Topheat A가 높은 적합성과 내열 특성을 보였으며, SUS 316L 역시 적합성이 우수하였다. 내열 특성 향상을 위해 $Al_2O_3$, $Y_2O_3$, $ZrO_2$를 코팅 후 내구성 평가를 수행한 결과, $Y_2O_3$ 코팅은 사용이 부적합하였으며, 재료의 사용 가능 온도가 코팅의 접착성과 관련이 있음을 확인하였다. 블렌딩 기법을 통한 성능 향상을 확인하기 위해 추력기 실험을 진행하였으며, 실험 결과 반응기 온도가 $870^{\circ}C$로, 90 wt.% 과산화수소의 단열 분해 온도인 $760^{\circ}C$보다 높음을 확인하였다.