• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 1995년도 제8회 학술발표회 논문개요집
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• pp.090-91
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• 1995

• 한국재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국재료학회 2012년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.70.1-70.1
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• 2012

In-situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and infrared (IR) spectroscopy studies of SOFC cathode materials will be discussed in this presentation. The mixed conducting perovskites (ABO3) containing rare and alkaline earth metals on the A-site and a transition metal on the B-site are commonly used as cathodes for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC). However, the details of the oxygen reduction reaction are still not clearly understood. The information about the type of adsorbed oxygen species and their concentration is important for a mechanistic understanding of the oxygen incorporation into these cathode materials. XPS has been widely used for the analysis of adsorbed species and surface structure. However, the conventional XPS experiments have the severe drawback to operate at room temperature and with the sample under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) conditions, which is far from the relevant conditions of SOFC operation. The disadvantages of conventional XPS can be overcome to a large extent with a "high pressure" XPS setup installed at the BESSY II synchrotron. It allows sample depth profiling over 2 nm without sputtering by variation of the excitation energy, and most importantly measurements under a residual gas pressure in the mbar range. It is also well known that the catalytic activity for the oxygen reduction is very sensitive to their electrical conductivity and oxygen nonstoichiometry. Although the electrical conductivity of perovskite oxides has been intensively studied as a function of temperature or oxygen partial pressure (Po2), in-situ measurements of the conductivity of these materials in contact with the electrolyte as a SOFC configuration have little been reported. In order to measure the in-plane conductivity of an electrode film on the electrolyte, a substrate with high resistance is required for excluding the leakage current of the substrate. It is also hardly possible to measure the conductivity of cracked thin film by electrical methods. In this study, we report the electrical conductivity of perovskite $La_{0.6}Sr_{0.4}CoO_{3-{\delta}}$ (LSC) thin films on yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolyte quantitatively obtained by in-situ IR spectroscopy. This method enables a reliable measurement of the electronic conductivity of the electrodes as part of the SOFC configuration regardless of leakage current to the substrate and cracks in the film.

• 지질공학
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2006

국내의 대표적 암종이라 할 수 있는 화강암체와 편마암체에 대해 탄성계수 측정 방법으로 자주 이용되고 있는 Goodman jack시험, PS검층, 초음파 속도측정, 일축압축 변형 시험을 실시하여 각 탄성계수를 측정하고 그 특징을 알아보았다. 실내에서 측정 된 동.정탄성계수는 측정시 가해진 응력의 크기, 측정시 이용된 주파수의 범위, 가압/감압 등의 측정 조건에 따라 상당히 다른 결과를 보였다. 실내 측정조건이 현장조건에 가까워질수록 현장암반의 탄성 계수와 비슷한 값으로 측정되는데 이는 실내시험시 현장 상태를 구현하는 것이 중요하다는 점을 시사한다. 동탄성계수는 정탄성계수에 비해 대체로 높게 측정되었으며 그 원인으로는 (미세)균열의 응력에 따른 거동양상, 측정시 이용한 주파수의 범위 차이, 그리고 변형 진폭의 차이 등의 효과로 설명 할 수 있다. 다양한 방법으로 측정된 각 탄성 계수 상호간의 관계 및 특징은 현장 암반 탄성계수의 적절한 판단을 위해 도움이 될 것으로 기대된다.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.253-262
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• 2016

이 연구에서는 세계최초 해색 위성인 GOCI로부터 일간 광합성 유효광량(Daily PAR)(GOCI PAR)를 추정하였고 이를 극궤도 위성인 MODIS에서 추정한 Daily PAR(MODIS PAR)와 비교하였다. 또 소청초기지 현장자료를 이용하여 GOCI PAR의 정확도를 검증하였다. GOCI PAR는 맑은 날과 구름이 있는 날 모두 현장자료와 비슷한 결과를 보이지만 MODIS PAR는 구름이 있는 날 값이 일정하지 않고, 자료 손실 등으로 인해 값이 추정되지 않는 해역도 존재하였다. 그러나 GOCI PAR와 현장자료 PAR 사이에 일정한 값의 차이가 나타나 소청초 기지의 맑은 날에 해당하는 PAR 값을 이용하여 GOCI PAR를 보정하였다. 보정 결과, 두꺼운 구름의 영향으로 광학적으로 포화된 날을 제외한 나머지 달에서 GOCI PAR 값이 현장자료 PAR 값과 거의 일치하는 것을 보였다. 연구결과, GOCI 자료는 낮 시간 동안 하루 8번의, 극궤도 위성에 비해 많은 자료를 이용하므로, 한반도 주변 해역에서 Daily PAR 생성 시 구름에 의한 이동과 자료의 부족에 의한 오차를 줄일 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2007년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.987-990
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• 2007

The accuracy of sound strength (G) measurement method in ISO 3382 has been questioned. One of the main reason is the difficulty in measuring a reference sound level in an anechoic chamber with the same set-up which was applied for the actual hall measurements. In the present paper, an in-situ measurement method for G was proposed by investigating the present G measurement method shown in ISO 3382. In addition, the sound radiation characteristics of typical omnidirectional loudspeakers were investigated and Phi (O) of auto correlation function (ACF) parameters was also calculated from an actual music excerpt to characterize the sound energy distribution in concert halls.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2012년도 제42회 동계 정기 학술대회 초록집
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• pp.371-372
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• 2012

We have studied lead-based gapless semiconductors, $PbPdO_2$, which is very sensitive to external parameters such as temperature, pressure, electric field, etc[1]. We have fabricated pure $PbPdO_2$, Co- and Mn-doped $PbPdO_2$ thin films using the pulsed laser deposition. Because of the volatile element of Pb, it is very difficult to grow the films. Note that in case of $MgB_2$, Mg is also volatile element. So in order to enhance the quality of $MgB_2$, some experiments are carried out in annealing with Mg-rich atmosphere [2]. This annealing process with volatile element plays an important role in making smooth surface. Thus, we applied such process to our studies of $PbPdO_2$ thin films. As a result, we found the optimal condition of ex-situ annealing temperature ${\sim}650^{\circ}C$ and time ~12 hrs. The ex-situ annealing brought the extreme change of surface morphology of thin films. After ex-situ annealing with PbO-rich atmosphere, the grain size of thin film was almost 100 times enlarged for all the thin films and also the PbO impurity phase was smeared out. And from X-ray diffraction measurements, we determined highly crystallized phases after annealing. So, we measured electrical and magnetic properties. Because of reduced grain boundary, the resistivity of ex-situ annealed samples changed smaller than no ex-situ sample. And the carrier densities of thin films were decreased with ex-situ annealing time. In this case, oxygen vacancies were removed by ex-situ annealing. Furthermore, we will discuss the transport and magnetic properties in pure $PbPdO_2$, Co- and Mn-doped $PbPdO_2$ thin films in detail.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2013년도 제44회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.181-181
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• 2013

Recently, nanostructure and the molecular orientation of organic thin films have been largely paid attention due to its importance in organic electronics such as organic thin film transistors (OTFTs), organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), and organic photovoltaics (OPVs). Among various methods, the diffraction and scattering techniques based on synchrotron x-rays have shown powerful results in organic thin film systems. In this work, we introduce the in-situ annealing system installed at PLS-II (Pohang Light Source II) for organic thin films by simultaneously conducting various x-ray scattering measurements of x-ray reflectivity, conventional x-ray scattering, grazing incidence wide angle x-ray scattering (GI-WAXS) and so on. Using the in-situ measurement, we could obtain real time variation of nanostructure as well as molecular orientation during thermal annealing in metal-phthalocyanine thin films. The variation of surface and interface also could be simultaneously investigated by the x-ray reflectivity measurement.

• 한국분말야금학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국분말야금학회 2006년도 Extended Abstracts of 2006 POWDER METALLURGY World Congress Part2
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• pp.1294-1295
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• 2006

Various reactions and the in-situ formation of new phases can occur during the mechanical alloying process. In the present study, Al powders were strengthened by AlN, using the in-situ processing technique during mechanical alloying. Differential thermal analysis and X-ray diffraction studies were carried out in order to examine the formation behavior of AlN. It was found that the precursors of AlN were formed in the Al powders and transformed to AlN at temperatures above $600^{\circ}C$. The hot extrusion process was utilized to consolidate the composite powders. The microstructure of the extrusions was examined by SEM and TEM. In order to investigate the mechanical properties of the extrusions, compression tests and hardness measurements were carried out. It was found that the mechanical properties and the thermal stability of the Al/AlN composites were significantly greater than those of conventional Al matrix composites.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2014년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.870-873
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• 2014

Green roof systems has widely been used on rooftop of buildings by considering environmental benefits in aspects of bio-diversity, storm-water runoff as well as noise reduction. To predict noise reduction effect by green roof systems, it is necessary to measure in-situ acoustical properties of the components by devices enabling in-situ measurements. In this study, Micro-flown, which is the state of the arts device to measure in-situ normalized impedance and absorption coefficient has been used to measure acoustical properties of green roof materials according to different water saturation condition in the materials.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.260-265
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• 1993

실시간(in-situ) 스트레스측정 간섭계를 사용하여 이온보조증착에 의해 Ti$O_2$ 박막이 성장되는 동안에 박막내부의 스트레스를 측정하였다. 박막두께에 따른 스트레스의 변화는 이온빔에 의한 압축스트레스와 표면온도의 의해 결정되는 표면확산의 평형에 의해서 정성적으로 설병되어지며, 측정결과는 스트레스가 성장되는 박막에 전달되는 이온빔의 운동량에 따라 증가한다는 Windischmann의 모델과 일치하였다.