• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.463-476
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• 2021

The concept of using Steel-concrete (SC) composite walls as retaining walls has recently been introduced by the authors and their effectiveness of resisting out-of-plane loads has also been demonstrated. In this paper, an improved analytical formulation based on partial interaction theory, which has previously been developed by the authors, is presented. The improved formulation considers a new loading condition and also accounts for cracking in concrete to simulate the real conditions. Due to a limited number of test specimens, further finite element (FE)simulations are performed in order to verify the analytical procedure in more detail. It is observed that the results from the improved analytical procedure are in excellent agreement with both experimental and numerical results. Moreover, a detailed parametric study is conducted using the developed FE model to investigate effects of different parameters, such as distance between shear connectors, shear connector length, concrete strength, steel plate thickness, concrete cover thickness, wall's width to thickness ratio, and wall's height to thickness ratio, on the behavior of SC composite walls subjected to out-of-plane loads.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.61 no.3
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• pp.407-417
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• 2017

RC shear walls are considered one of the main lateral resisting members in buildings. In recent years, FRP has been widely utilized in order to strengthen and retrofit concrete structures. A number of experimental studies used CFRP sheets as an external bracing system for retrofitting of RC shear walls. It has been found that the common mode of failure is the debonding of the CFRP-concrete adhesive material. In this study, behavior of RC shear wall was investigated with three different micro models. The analysis included 2D model using plane stress element, 3D model using shell element and 3D model using solid element. To allow for the debonding mode of failure, the adhesive layer was modeled using cohesive surface-to-surface interaction model at 3D analysis model and node-to-node interaction method using Cartesian elastic-plastic connector element at 2D analysis model. The FE model results are validated comparing the experimental results in the literature. It is shown that the proposed FE model can predict the modes of failure due to debonding of CFRP and behavior of CFRP strengthened RC shear wall reasonably well. Additionally, using 2D plane stress model, many parameters on the behavior of the cohesive surfaces are investigated such as fracture energy, interfacial shear stress, partial bonding, proposed CFRP anchor location and using different bracing of CFRP strips. Using two anchors near end of each diagonal CFRP strips delay the end debonding and increase the ductility for RC shear walls.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.206-215
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• 1993

The finite element method is applied to analyze the mechanism of metal cutting, especially micro metal cutting. This paper introduces some effects, such as constitutive deformation laws of workpiece material, friction of tool-chip contact interfaces, tool rake angle and also simulate the cutting process, chip formation and geometry, tool-chip contact, reaction force of tool. Under the usual plane strain assumption, quasi-static analysis were performed with variation of tool-chip interface friction coefficients and tool rake angles. In this analysis, cutting speed, cutting depth set to 8m/sec, 0.02mm, respectively. Some cutting parameters are affected to cutting force, plastic deformation of chip, shear plane angle, chip thickness and tool-chip contact length and reaction forces on tool. Several aspects of the metal cutting process predicted by the finite element analysis provide information about tool shape design and optimal cutting conditions.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.55 no.6
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• pp.521-526
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• 2018

The doubler plate design system for the reinforcement of the ship plate members was developed considering various loads that subjected to the in-plane biaxial load, the in-plane shear load and out-of-plane load. The author summarized the accuracy of the development formula and equations through the equivalent plate thickness concept and finally introduced the new design system of doubler plate reinforcement. Through this study, it can be considered as an initial design guideline based on ship doubler plate reinforcement strength at areas without repeated load, or an initial structure analysis model for final structural design.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.417-425
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• 2007

The differential quadrature method(DQM) is applied to computation of eigenvalues of the equations of motion governing the free out-of-plane vibration for circular curved beams including the effects of rotatory inertia and transverse shearing deformation. Fundamental frequencies are calculated for the members with clamped-clamped end conditions and various opening angles. The results are compared with exact solutions or numerical solutions by other methods for cases in which they are available. The DQM provides good accuracy even when only a limited number of grid points is used.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 1999.03b
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• pp.40-44
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• 1999

A finite element analysis has been performed to investigate the effect of die clearance on shear planes in the fine blanking of a part of automobile safety belt. For the analysis S45$^{\circ}C$ is selected as an material which is used in manufacturing the part of automobile safety belt and Cockcroft-Latham fracture criterion is applied, Effect of die clearance on die-roll width die-roll depth burnish zone and fracture zone has been concentrately investigated in the finite element analysis. From the analytical results it has been found that die-roll width and depth of the shear plane increase with increasing die clearance. And the burnish zone has been concentrately investigated in the finite element analysis. From the analytical results it has been found that die-roll width and depth of the shear plane increase with increasing die clearance. and the burnish zone decreases with increasing die clearance but the variation of fracture zone is opposite to that of burnish zone because the increase in die clearance requires less fracture energy Theoretical predictions are compared with experimental results, There is a good agreement between theory and experiment

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.843-853
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• 2022

The fatigue behavior of welded open rib-to crossbeam joints (ORCJ) in orthotropic bridge structures is investigated using a traction structural stress method. The fatigue behaviors of welded open rib-to crossbeam joints have been a subject of study for decades for ensuring operational safety and future design improvement. A mesh-insensitive combination of traction structural stresses in ORCJ was obtained considering the effect of in-plane shear stress and validated by fatigue test results. The proposed method is advantageous for predicting fatigue cracks that initiate from the crossbeam cutout and propagate along the crossbeam. The investigations carried out with the proposed approach reveal that the normal structural stress decreases with the propagation of fatigue cracks, while the ratio of shear stress to normal stress increases. The effect of shear structural stress is significant for the analysis of fatigue behavior of ORCJ in multiaxial stress states.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.362-365
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• 2006

This paper presents a model for evaluating the contribution by arch action to shear resistance in shear-critical RC beams. Based on the relationship between shear and bending moment in beams subjected to combined shear and bending, The behavior of a beam is explicitly divided into two base components of the flexural action and the tied arch action. The compatibility condition of the shear deformation that deviates from Bernoulli bending plane is formulated utilizing the smeared truss idealization with an inclined compression chord. From this shear compatibility condition in a beam, the shear contribution by the arch action is numerically decoupled.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.87-108
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• 2010

A Steel Plate Shear Wall (SPSW) is a lateral load resisting system consisting of an infill plate located within a frame. When buckling occurs in the infill plate of a SPSW, a diagonal tension field is formed through the plate. The study of the tension field behavior regarding the distribution and orientation patterns of principal stresses can be useful, for instance to modify the basic strip model to predict the behavior of SPSW more accurately. This paper investigates the influence of torsional and out-of-plane flexural rigidities of boundary members (i.e. beams and columns) on the buckling coefficient as well as on the distribution and orientation patterns of principal stresses associated with the buckling modes. The linear buckling equations in the sense of von-Karman have been solved in conjunction with various boundary conditions, by using the Ritz method. Also, in this research the effects of symmetric and anti-symmetric buckling modes and complete anchoring of the tension field due to lacking of in-plane bending of the beams as well as the aspect ratio of plate on the behavior of tension field and buckling coefficient have been studied.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.91 no.5
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• pp.527-538
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• 2024

The standard numerical approximation of structural displacement field leads to the thickness-wise transverse shear stress distributions which are quite different from the exact ones. To overcome this inherent problem, an effective and reliable post-processing method is presented based on the strain recovery and the stress equilibrium, particularly for functionally graded cylindrical and conical elastic panels. The present method is developed in the framework of locking-free 2-D natural element method. Through the recovery of displacement component-wise derivatives, the element-wise discontinuous in-plane strain distributions are enhanced to be globally continuous and smoothened. And, using the continuous in-plane strains, the troublesome poor transverse shear stress distributions are enhanced through the thickness-wise integration of static equilibrium equations. The validity of present post-processing method is verified through the comparison with the reference solutions. In addition, the comparative experiments are also performed to investigate the difference between the present method and other available post-processing methods. The numerical results confirm that the present method provides the accurate transverse shear stress distributions which are consistent with the reference solutions and much better than other available methods.