• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.713-722
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• 2016

The goal of this study was to assess the seismic performance of hollow cast-in-place and precast reinforced concrete bridge columns with triangular reinforcement details. The developed material quantity reduction details are economically feasible and rational, and facilitate shorter construction periods. By using a sophisticated nonlinear finite element analysis program, the accuracy and objectivity of the assessment process can be enhanced. The used numerical method gives a realistic prediction of seismic performance throughout the input ground motions for several hollow column specimens investigated. As a result, triangular reinforcement details were designed to be superior to the existing reinforcement details in terms of required seismic performance.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.1065-1075
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• 2001

It is common knowledge amongst electrical and marine engineers that short-circuit in electrical system may cause large mechanical torque on generator and prime mover However, it is not so widely known that the faulty synchronizing of generators may cause even higher torques than that of short-circuit. In this study, the transient phenomena related to the parallel running of synchronous generators are analyzed and the exact computer simulation method is proposed. In result, maximum transient torque and current take place in case of $120^{\circ}$ voltage angle difference between Master and Slave and that may develop higher torque than the short-circuit according to a condition of synchronizing. When synchronizing in power system using only two generators higher torque and current occur Master, but using multimachine system those occur to Slave. The short-circuit of marine generator does not happen frequently but faulty synchronizing sometimes takes place, therefore, it is necessary for designers to consider these phenomena.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.85-107
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• 2017

The aim of this study is to empirically examine fundamental factors that drive FDI to a particular location. This study further explores operating conditions of Korean firms in Myanmar. A survey methodology and then a regression analysis are employed. The study finds that the factors such as transportation, production factor, market, and cost play an important role for the location of FDI. However, the Korean investment in Myanmar decreases from 2013. The decrease of Korean investment implies that investing in Myanmar has not been profitable. The empirical study finds a complicated pattern of FDI. Large Korean firms are located far from the consumer market, thus, bear an increased transport cost to reach the consumer market. They are rather located in a place where they can access to a transport means and raw materials with low cost to export final products. They place FDI into a host country to serve as a production platform for exports to neighboring countries.

• International Journal of Contents
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.12-19
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• 2010

In this paper, attendance in distance learning courses of a cyber university has been surveyed in an effort to verify the effectiveness of distance learning. Based on survey data from 4,749 distance learning participants, major attending place, major reasons for attending online class, fidelity to online classes, attending time per week, perceived educational effectiveness, perceived and relative seriousness of problems, and other variables have been evaluated. The results indicate that perceptional seriousness of the investigated problems is not statistically important. The findings indicate that, among operational problems, self willingness and cheating are the most remarkable. In contrast, the relative seriousness of traditionally recognized problems such as H/W availability and network speed among environmental problems is least remarkable. An analysis of demographic differences such as sex, employment, and school year in terms of seriousness of problems is also performed. The results reveal the existence of statistically significant differences according to sex, employment, and school year with regard to almost all elements of environment, actual current conditions, and seriousness of problems, with the exception of some elements such as attending place and perceived fidelity.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.43-50
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• 2011

Activation of conventional market in small town is important in the reinvigoration of local economy as an economical center. The revitalization of local economy is closely related to the fosterage of conventional market. So the local government is trying to activate the market. However, the projects for the activation of conventional market are mostly centered on the modernization of facilities which is carried out at urban districts. Those facilities-centered plans, being carried out at urban district, lack the consideration of the peculiarities of rural districts and the regional conditions of the conventional market in small towns. And some projects for the modernization of facilities produce negative results. Especially the conventional market in small town shows a spatial structure of a five-day market and a market place and it was influenced by the spatial relationship between the permanent market and periodic market. So analyses on the spatial lay-out and form, store facilities, spatial distribution of types of business, spatial utilization on market place are needed to improve the physical environment of the conventional market. In this context, the study analyzed systematically the space of an old and lagged Hongseong conventional market located in central district of a small town. And It is expected that the results use as a basic data to establish effective space improvement plan for conventional market in small town.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.221-228
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• 2005

The economic growth brought the demand of bridge connected to island and land increasingly in Korea. Therefore, Civil engineer has faced a lot of problem to be considered such as structural stability, economic feasibility and constructional method. At the bridge site to be constructed, the depth of water is about 24m, the thickness of weathered rock overlaying bed rock is thicker than 36m. If open caisson foundation is supported in bed rock, the hight of foundation is about 60m. It is difficult to construct in these conditions. If open caisson foundation is supported in weathered rock, the size of the foundation should be increased. And If we apply the pile foundation, the higher construction cost will be needed. Under the circumstances, we need a new foundation type-composite foundation that is consisted of open caisson and cast-in-place piles. Because the design concept of composite foundation is not presented in Korea Bridge Design Standard, we are willing to clear the bearing behavior of composite foundation by numerical analysis in this paper.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.11-16
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• 2016

This study explores the phoneme distribution and syllable structure of entry words in the CMU English Pronouncing Dictionary to provide phoneticians and linguists with fundamental phonetic data on English word components. Entry words in the dictionary file were syllabified using an R script and examined to obtain the following results: First, English words preferred consonants to vowels in their word components. In addition, monophthongs occurred much more frequently than diphthongs. When all consonants were categorized by manner and place, the distribution indicated the frequency order of stops, fricatives, and nasals according to manner and that of alveolars, bilabials and velars according to place. These results were comparable to the results obtained from the Buckeye Corpus (Yang, 2012). Second, from the analysis of syllable structure, two-syllable words were most favored, followed by three- and one-syllable words. Of the words in the dictionary, 92.7% consisted of one, two or three syllables. This result may be related to human memory or decoding time. Third, the English words tended to exhibit discord between onset and coda consonants and between adjacent vowels. Dissimilarity between the last onset and the first coda was found in 93.3% of the syllables, while 91.6% of the adjacent vowels were different. From the results above, the author concludes that an analysis of the phonetic symbols in a dictionary may lead to a deeper understanding of English word structures and components.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.81-90
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• 2009

This study seeks those elements that form a sense of place in Yen-Ben Street, which represents a typical ethnic enclave in Seoul, to provide a basic resource in the creation of an urban landscape that can provide a positive space for cultural diversity. The results of the study can be summarized as follows: First, the element of a physical environment that develops a sense of place was in fact the poor dwellings that correspond to the economic condition of Korean Chinese. While this element has a negative cognition to outsiders, Korean Chinese feel positively toward it. Secondly, signboards were a physical element of sense of place which retains cultural identity as a means of communication inside the community. Thirdly, it was found that activities such as shopping, recreation, and the exchange of information that are found in the pursuit of daily life act as an essential element in the formation of a sense of place even more than architectural elements. Fourthly, the appropriation of space by Korean Chinese and the isolation from the surroundings were obvious. This isolation is perceived as a negative sense of place formation to outsiders in Yen-Ben Street. Fifthly, the aspects of cultural dualism, mingling the concepts of home country, language, writing, and food have also affected the formation of a sense of place in the area. Sixthly, transience was a prominent phenomenon of Yen-Ben Street and is strengthened by illegal immigration. Although transience causes negative impacts such as in a lack of concern for the residential environment, it acts as a positive factor in the sense of place by mitigating uneasiness, and strengthening insider ties and cooperation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Rock Mechanics Conference
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• 2000.09a
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• pp.211-222
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• 2000

The design values of rock socketed pile related with properties of rock mass are not clearly established. However, the drilled shafts socketed in rock are widely used as the foundation of large scaled structure. In this study, the characteristics of behavior of rock socketed pile is researched, and the properties of interface between pile and rock considering soil-structure interaction are evaluated for numerical modeling of rock socketed pile based on the previous researches. Based on the properties of interface and rock mass, the behaviors of rock socketed piles are numerically modeled and compared with field measurement. To verify the numerical analysis, a micro pile socketed in rock is modeled and the results of numerical analysis are compared with field measurement. The numerical results show a good agreement with field measured data, especially in terms of load transfer characteristics.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.457-468
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• 2000

The design values of rock socketed pile related with properties of rock mass are not clearly established. However, the drilled shafts socketed in rock are widely used as the foundation of large scaled structure. In this study, the characteristics of behavior of rock socketed pile is researched, and the properties of interface between pile and rock considering soil-structure interaction are evaluated for numerical modeling of rock socketed pile based on the previous researches. Based on the properties of interface and rock mass, the behaviors of rock socketed piles are numerically modeled and compared with field measurement. To verify the numerical analysis, a micro pile socketed in rock is modeled and the results of numerical analysis are compared with field measurement. The numerical results show a good agreement with field measured data, especially in terms of load transfer characteristics.