• 제목/요약/키워드: In-ovo

검색결과 45건 처리시간 0.027초

Eggs and Cholesterol Controversy

  • Sim, Jeong-S.
    • 한국식품영양과학회지
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    • 제15권3호
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    • pp.306-312
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    • 1986
  • Demonstration of the highly positive correlation between blood cholestrol levels and heart disease has made consumers wary of the fats in meat, milk and eggs. The egg, as perhaps the single largest common source of cholesterol, has been cited by many members of the medical and scientific world as a food contributing to heart disease. In light of decreasing per capita egg consumption and continuing dietary egg cholesterol controversy, many researchers have focused their efforts on egg nutrition. The results reported, however, are often contradictory. In spite of the disputable scientific evidence, the egg has been labelled (erroneously) as a highly cholesterogenic food. The objective of this presentation is to present a general picture of the problem and discuss our laboratory findings relevant to the problem. An isotope technique was utilized to incorporate $^{14}C$-cholesterol into egg yolk lipoproteins and study the metabolic fate of dietary ovo-cholesterol in rats. Two hundred and fifty micro-curies of 4-$^{14}C$-cholesterol, emulsified in corn oil, were orally administered to five Single Comb White Leghorn laying hens. Eggs were collected, hard-boiled, and the hot dried egg yolk powder (HEY) was prepared. Total radioactivity excreted via feces was determined. The rat groups fed egg yolk powder excreted more than 95% of the ingested ovo-cholesterol, whereas the rat chow group excreted only 47%. No difference was observed between HEY and CEY treatments. Therefore, an unknown lipid factor present in egg folk accelerates cholesterol turnover rate and excretion via feces.

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닭의 전염성 F낭병 바이러스 유전자백신에 의한 방어 면역에 Genetic Adjuvant (Chicken Interleukin-6)와 Chemical Adjuvant (Levamisole)의 효과 (Efficacy of Genetic Adjuvant (Plasmid-Expressed Chicken Interleukin-6) and Chemical Adjuvant (Levamisole) on the Protective Immunity of Genetic Vaccine against Infectious Bursal Disease Virus)

  • 박정호;성환우;윤병일;박선일;권혁무
    • 미생물학회지
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    • 제45권2호
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    • pp.91-98
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    • 2009
  • 닭의 전염성 F낭병 바이러스(IBDV)가 원인 바이러스인 전염성 F낭병은 전 세계 양계산업에 경제적으로 피해가 큰 중요한 질병이다. 이 연구의 목적은 닭에서 IBDV에 대한 방어면역을 유도하기 위한 in ovo 초회항원자극(priming)과 불활화백신에 의한 보강접종 방법에 항원보강제(adjuvant)로 chicken interleukin 6 (pcDNA-ChIL-6;plasmid encoding chicken interleukin-6)와 levamisole (LMS)의 효과를 조사하는 것이다. IBDV의 VP2, VP, VP3 protein을 암호화하는 유전자백신인 plasmid DNA vaccine (pcDNA-VP243) 단독 또는 pcDNA-ChIL-6 또는 LMS와 함께 18일령 부화란의 양막낭(amniotic sac)에 접종하고 부화한 1주령의 병아리에 불활화 IBD 백신을 근육 접종한 다음 3주령에 고병원성 IBDV인 SH/92 주로 공격 접종하고 10일 동안 관찰하였다. 백신하지 않은 공격접종 대조군이 100%의 폐사율을 보인 반면 pcDNA-VP243 단독 접종군과 pcDNA-VP243에 pcDNA-ChIL-6 또는 LMS를 첨가한 실험군은 모두 100%의 생존율을 나타내었다. 그러나 공격접종 후 F낭의 손상을 평가하기 위한 IBDV RNA의 검출, B/B ratio와 F낭의 병변지수(lesion score) 등을 분석한 결과 pcDNA-VP243에 pcDNA-ChIL-6 또는 LMS를 첨가한 실험군은 pcDNA-VP243 단독 접종군보다 향상된 방어효과를 나타내지 않았다. 이 실험결과는 유전자백신에 의한 in ovo 초회항원자극-불활화백신에 의한 보강접종법이 고병원성 IBDV로부터 닭을 보호하기 위한 효과적인 방법이었으나 pcDNA-ChIL-6 또는 LMS의 첨가로 인한 방어효과의 향상은 나타나지 않았다.

채식 수유부의 수유기간별 영야의 에너지, 단백질, 지질, 락토오스 섭취량에 관한 연구 (A Longitudinal Study on Energy, Protein, Lipid and Lactose Intakes of Breast-fed Infants of Lacto-ovo-vegetarian)

  • 최경순
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • 제30권5호
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    • pp.512-519
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    • 1997
  • To investigate the energy, protein, lipid, and lactose intakes of breast-fed infants of lacto-ove-vegetarians, 25 infants(13 boys, 10 girls) were examined on the 0.5th, 1st, 2nd, and 3nd months of lactation. The amount of breast milk intake was determined by a test-weighing method, and the energy content of protein, lipid, and lactose was calculated using the Atwater factor. Thedaily energy intake for boys averaged 316, 436, 447, and 431kcal and that of girls averaged 284, 399, 401, and 390kcal during lactation, respectively. Average energy intake of boys from milk from 2nd week to the 3rd month postpartum was significantly higher than that of girls(p<0.05), because milk intake volume of boys was much higher than that of girls. The protein intake of boys on 2nd week-3rd month averaged 7.33g/day and that of girls averaged 6.29g/day. The lipid intake of 2nd week, months averaged 21.8g/day and that of girls averaged 20.1g/day. The lactose intake of boys averaged 45.48g/day, while that of girls averaged 41.09g/day. The mean intake of protein and lactose in boys was significantly higher than that of girls.

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Physico-chemical properties of late-incubation egg amniotic fluid and a potential in ovo feed supplement

  • Omede, A.A.;Bhuiyan, M.M.;lslam, A.F.;Iji, P.A.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제30권8호
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    • pp.1124-1134
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    • 2017
  • Objective: This study explored the physico-chemical properties of late-incubation egg amniotic fluid and a potential in ovo feed (IOF) supplement. Methods: Amniotic fluid was collected from broiler breeders (Ross 308, 51 weeks and Cobb 500, 35 weeks) on day 17 after incubation. A mixture of high-quality soy protein supplement - Hamlet Protein AviStart (HPA) was serially diluted in MilliQ water to obtain solutions ranging from 150 to 9.375 mg/mL. The mixtures were heat-treated (0, 30, 60 minutes) in a waterbath ($80^{\circ}C$) and then centrifuged to obtain supernatants. The amniotic fluid and HPA supernatants were analysed for their physico-chemical properties. Results: Only viscosity and $K^+$ were significantly (p<0.05) different in both strains. Of all essential amino acids, leucine and lysine were in the highest concentration in both strains. The osmolality, viscosity and $pCO_2$ of the supernatants decreased (p<0.05) with decreasing HPA concentration. Heat treatment significantly (p<0.05) affected osmolality, pH, and $pCO_2$, of the supernatants. The interactions between HPA concentration and heat treatment were significant with regards to osmolality (p<0.01), pH (p<0.01), $pCO_2$ (p<0.05), glucose (p<0.05), lactate (p<0.01) and acid-base status (p<0.01) of HPA solutions. The $Ca^{2+}$, $K^+$, glucose, and lactate increased with increasing concentration of HPA solution. The protein content of HPA solutions decreased (p<0.05) with reduced HPA solution concentrations. The supernatant from 150 mg/mL HPA solution was richest in glutamic acid, aspartic acid, arginine and lysine. Amino acids concentrations were reduced (p<0.05) with each serial dilution but increased with longer heating. Conclusion: The values obtained in the primary solution (highest concentration) are close to the profiles of high-protein ingredients. This supplement, as a solution, hence, may be suitable for use as an IOF supplement and should be tested for this potential.

In ovo feeding of creatine pyruvate alters energy metabolism in muscle of embryos and post-hatch broilers

  • Yang, Tong;Zhao, Minmeng;Li, Jiaolong;Zhang, Lin;Jiang, Yun;Zhou, Guanghong;Gao, Feng
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제32권6호
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    • pp.834-841
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    • 2019
  • Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of in ovo feeding (IOF) of creatine pyruvate (CrPyr) on the energy metabolism in thigh muscle of embryos and neonatal broilers. Methods: A total of 960 eggs were randomly assigned to three treatments: i) non-injected control group, ii) saline group injected with 0.6 mL of physiological saline (0.75%), and iii) CrPyr group injected with 0.6 mL of physiologi-cal saline (0.75%) containing 12 mg CrPyr/egg on 17.5 d of incubation. After hatching, 120 male chicks (close to the average body weight of the pooled group) in each group were randomly assigned to eight replications. The feeding experiment lasted 7 days. Results: The results showed that IOF of CrPyr increased glucose concentrations in the thigh muscle of broilers on 2 d after injection (p<0.05). Compared with the control and saline groups, the concentration of creatine in CrPyr group was increased on 2 d after injection and the day of hatch (p<0.05). Moreover, IOF of CrPyr increased the creatine kinase activity at hatch and increased the activities of hexokinase and pyruvate kinase on 2 d after injection and the day of hatch (p<0.05). Chicks in CrPyr group showed higher mRNA expressions of glucose transporter 3 (GLUT3) and GLUT8 on the day of hatch (p<0.05). Conclusion: These results demonstrated that IOF of CrPyr was beneficial to enhance muscle energy reserves of em-bryos and hatchlings.

한국인 채식주의자의 수유기간중 모유의 Taurine 함량변화 (Longitudinal Changes of the Taurine Content in the Human Milk of Korean Lacto-ovo-vegetarian)

  • 최경순
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • 제22권1호
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    • pp.36-41
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    • 1989
  • 한국인 lacto-ovo-vegetarian의 수유부를 분만후 15일부터 30,60,90,120,150일째의 수유단계로 나누어 모유중의 taurine함량의 경시적인 변화를 보았으며 이들의 대상은 23명이었고 결과는 다음과 같다. 초산부의 taurine 함량은 유즙 1ml 중 15일에는 356.1nmol, 30일 283.6 nmol, 60일 249.6 nmol, 90일 166.3 nmol, 120일 148.7 nmol, 150일 139.6 nmol이며 이들 평균치간에 유의적인 감소를 나타내었다(p<0.001). 경신부의 taurine함량은 유즙 1ml중 15일에는 401.6nmole, 30일에는 342.3 nmole, 60일 273.2 nmole, 90일 248.6 nmole, 120일 189.9 nmole, 150일 159.8 nmole이며 이들 평균치간에 유의적인 감소를 나타내었다(p<0.001). 초산부와 경산부를 비교해보면 초산부 보다 경산부에서 수유기간마다 더 높은 수치를 보였으나 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 수유기간의 경과와 taurine함량과의 상관관계는 부의 상관관계로 초산부의 상관계수는 -0.641, 경산부는 -0.753로 초산부와 상관계수는 -0.641, 경산부는 -0.753로 초산부와 경산부를 합하여보면 r=-0.644로서 150일까지 유의하게 감소하였다.

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채식식사가 금연, 금주, 남자대학생들의 영양소 섭취와 혈중 지질수준에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Lacto-ovo Vegetarian Diet on Nutrient Intakes and Serum Lipid Levels in Non-smoking Non-alcohol Drinking College Male Students)

  • 이상업;최순남;윤미은
    • 대한영양사협회학술지
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    • 제14권4호
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    • pp.371-381
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    • 2008
  • In order to elucidate the effects of a lacto-ovo vegetarian diet on serum lipid levels, 91 male collegians residing in the Seoul area were recruited. The vegetarians did not smoke tobacco nor drink alcohol. Their anthropometric measurements, dietary intakes, and blood lipid concentrations were compared to age-matched omnivorous controls. The subjects were divided into four groups. The four groups were: 1) NSNDV (n=25): Non Smoking Non Drinking Vegetarians, 2) NSNDO (n=10): Non Smoking Non Drinking Omnivores, 3) SDO (n=37): Smoking, Drinking Omnivores, 4) SDM (n=11): Smoking Drinking Meat-eaters. Total serum cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and hematocrit were analyzed. The results were as follows: Weight (p<0.05) and BMI (p<0.01) were significantly higher in SDM than NSNDV. Dietary protein (p<0.01), iron (p<0.05) and dietary lipids (p<0.01) from animals in NSNDV were significantly lower than the results in the SDM. Interestingly enough, we noted no significant differences between the four groups in terms of average total dietary protein, dietary lipids and dietary iron, total serum cholesterol, or HDL-cholesterol. Dietary fiber intake was significantly higher in NSNDV than in SDM (p<0.05). Weight, BMI, and total cholesterol were significantly positively correlated with animal protein (p<0.05) and animal lipid (p<0.01) intake. These results showed that vegetarian collegians who haven't smoked tobacco nor drunk alcohol evidenced lower body weight, BMI, and dietary animal lipid intake, but higher dietary fiber intake, than the other three groups. Additionally, intake of animal protein (p<0.001) and intake of animal lipids (p<0.001) were significantly positively correlated with body weight, BMI, and total serum cholesterol in male collegians.

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Effects of Various Field Coccidiosis Control Programs on Host Innate and Adaptive Immunity in Commercial Broiler Chickens

  • Lee, Kyung-Woo;Lillehoj, Hyun S.;Jang, Seung-I.;Lee, Sung-Hyen
    • 한국가금학회지
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    • 제39권1호
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    • pp.17-25
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    • 2012
  • Coccidiosis control programs such as vaccines or in-feed anticoccidials are commonly practiced in the poultry industry to improve growth performance and health of commercial broiler chickens. In this study, we assessed the effects of various coccidiosis control programs (e.g., in ovo vaccination, synthetic chemicals, and antibiotic ionophores) on immune status of broiler chickens vaccinated against infectious bronchitis virus and Newcastle disease virus (ND) and raised on an Eimeria-contaminated used litter. In general, the levels of ${\alpha}$-1-acid glycoprotein, an acute phase protein, were altered by the treatments when measured at 34 days of age. Splenocyte subpopulations and serum antibody titers against ND were altered by various coccidiosis control programs. In-ovo-vaccinated chickens exhibited highest mitogenic response when their spleen cells were stimulated with concanavalin A (Con A) at 7 days of age. It is clear from this study that the type of coccidiosis control program influenced various aspects of innate and adaptive immune parameters of broiler chickens. Further studies will be necessary to delineate the underlying relationship between the type of coccidiosis control program and host immune system and to understand the role of other external environmental factors such as gut microbiota on host-pathogen interaction in various disease control programs.

일부 폐경기여성의 채식군과 일반식군의 영양섭취상태, 골대사 및 만성 퇴행성 질환의 위험인자에 관한 비교연구 (Comparison of Nutrient Intakes, Bone Metabolism and Risk Factors of Chronic Diseases between Postmenopausal Lacto-Ovo-Vegetarian and Omnivores in Kyunggi-Do)

  • 최선혜;승정자;김미현;이숙연;송숙자
    • 대한지역사회영양학회지
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    • 제4권3호
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    • pp.412-420
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    • 1999
  • The amount and type of dietary protein that effects affect bone mineral loss after menopause and different dietary patterns may influence anthropometric measurements, biochemical values, and bone metabolism. Objective : Our objective was to investigate bone metabolism and chronic disease factors in two different dietary patterns. Design: The sample consisted of 40 lacto-ove-vegetarians(LOV) and 49 omnivores aged from 47 to 85 years in good condition without any medical problems. Results : The average energy intake of LOV was 1414.0kcal and omnivores, 1403.2kcal. The difference between means was not statistically significant. The differences of means of body weight and BMI between the two groups were not significant but the systolic blood pressure of LOV group was significantly lower than omniovores(p<0.05). The values of serum cholesterol(p<0.05) and glucose(p<0.05) of LOV were signifcantly lower than that of omnivores. The serum albumin level(p<0.01) of LOV was lower than it'scounterpart but in a normal range. The intake of crude fiber(p<0.05) of LOV group was significantly higher. The urinary pH of LOV was 7.4 and that of omnivores was 6.3(p<0.001). Plant calcium(p>0.05) and plant iron(p<0.001) had positive correlations with the uninary pH but animal protein(p>0.05) and animal iron(p>0.05) had negative correlations with the urinary pH. The level of urinary biochemical marker of bone resorption, deoxypyridinoline(DPD) of LOV was significantly lower than the other group(p>0.05). The T-scores of bone mineral density for the two sites in the two groups were not significantly different. Conclusions : The DPD level and urinary pH value of LOV were more desirable for the bone metabolism that the omnivores. The diet of LOV had lower risk factors of chronic diseases than the other group.

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초등학생의 Vegetarian(lacto-ovo vegetarian)과 Non-Vegetarian의 식습관, 영양소 섭취 및 건강습관 차이에 관한 연구 (A Study on the Differences in the Dietary Habits, Nutrient Intake and Health Status of Vegetarian (Lacto-Ovo Vegetarian) and Non-Vegetarian Korean Elementary School Children)

  • 최경순;신경옥;정태환;정근희
    • 한국식품영양과학회지
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    • 제40권3호
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    • pp.416-425
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    • 2011
  • 본 연구는 초등학교 12~13세(5~6학년) 어린이를 대상으로 채식주의군(lacto-ovo vegetarian 포함)과 비채식주의군으로 나누어 식습관, 영양소 섭취 상태 및 건강상태에 미치는 영향과 그 차이를 알아보기 위해 실시하였다. 본 연구에서 채식주의군과 비채식주의군의 식습관은 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 보이지 않았다. 전체 아동들의 간식 횟수로는 하루에 한번이 가장 높은 비율(66.5%)을 차지하였으나, 하루에 간식을 두 번 섭취하는 비율은 비채식주의군이 34.0%로 채식주의군에 비해 횟수가 높은 것으로 조사되었다. 채식주의군이 섭취하는 간식으로는 과일류가 55.9%로 가장 높았으며, 비채식주의군은 탄산음료와 아이스크림의 섭취비율이 채식주의군에 비해 매우 높게 조사되었다(p<0.05). 식생활 평가에서 보면, 채식주의군은 과일(1개)이나 과일주스(1잔)를 매일 먹는 비율이 55.9%로 비채식주의군에 비해 높게 조사(p<0.05)된 반면에, 비채식주의군은 우유나 유제품(요구르트, 요플레 등)의 섭취, 육류.생선.달걀.콩.두부 등으로 된 단백질 음식을 끼니마다 섭취, 튀김이나 기름에 볶는 요리를 주 2회 이상 섭취 및 아이스크림 과자 케이크, 탄산음료 등을 섭취하는 비율이 높게 조사되었다. 완전 채식주의 아동도 외식이나 학교 근처에서 간식을 통해 우유 및 유제품, 튀김 식품 등을 섭취하는 것으로 조사되어 실제로 초등학교 아동이 완전 채식을 하는 것은 현실적으로 어려움이 있다고 사료된다. 영양소 섭취상태에서는 전체 조사 아동의 열량(채식주의군 남아 73.6%/여아 88.6%, 비채식주의군 남아 81.4%/여아 94.4%)은 기준치(20)에 비해 절대적으로 부족하게 조사되었다. 채식주의군 중 남아의 경우 열량, 비타민 $B_2$, 비타민 E, 엽산, 칼슘 및 식이섬유가 기준치(20)에 비해 낮았으며, 여아는 열량, 엽산, 칼슘 및 식이섬유가 기준치(20)에 비해 낮았다. 비채식주의군에서는 남아와 여아 모두 열량, 엽산, 식이섬유의 섭취가 부족한 반면에 지방, 비타민 $B_2$, 칼슘 및 콜레스테롤의 섭취를 과잉으로 하는 것으로 조사되었다(p<0.05). 식이섬유의 경우 두 군 모두 기준치(20)보다 낮게 조사되었지만, 채식주의군($22.5{\pm}11.0$ g)은 비채식주의군($19.5{\pm}10.2$ g)에 비해 식이섬유소의 섭취가 유의하게 높게 조사되었다(p<0.05). 식사평가의 만족도는 두 그룹(채식주의군 79.4%, 비채식주의군 84.0%) 모두 세끼 식사 중 저녁식사에서 식사의 질과 양에 만족하는 비율이 높았다. 영양제 복용율은 비채식주의군(45.7%)에서 높았고, 복용하는 영양보충제의 종류로는 채식주의군은 한약(34.5%), 비채식주의군은 종합영양제(53.5%)를 가장 많이 섭취하고 있는 것으로 조사되었다. 아동의 건강상태가 양호하다고 답한 응답자는 비채식주의군이 높았으며, 아토피피부염 발생 아동은 채식주의군이 18.6%로 조사되어 아토피피부염으로 인해 채식을 하고 있다고 답하였다(p<0.05). 본 연구 결과에 의하면, 조사 대상 아동은 종교적인 이유와 아토피성 피부염 등의 질병완화를 위해 채식을 선택한 경우가 많았으며, 그로 인해 열량, 엽산, 칼슘 및 식이섬유 등의 부족으로 영양의 불균형을 초래할 수 있는 것으로 사료됨에 따라 아동의 균형적인 신체 발달과 성장을 위해서는 여러 종류의 식품을 골고루 섭취하고 부족한 영양소를 보충할 수 있도록 올바른 식품선택이 필요하다. 또한 지루하기 쉬운 식단을 먹고 싶은 식단으로 만들기 위해 식품에 대한 다양한 조리법이 개발되어야 하며, 올바른 식품선택을 위한 영양교육의 필요성이 요구된다. 비채식주의 아동들의 경우 영양과잉이 되지 않고, 섬유소 섭취를 증가시키는 식사관리를 해야 할 것으로 사료된다.