• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.77-82
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• 2002

Objective : This study is to evaluate the efficacy of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) for previous fertilization failure with conventional in vitro fetrtilization (IVF), compared with ICSI for male factor. Method: The author analyzed the 3 years of clinical experience with ICSI retrospectively, between the conventional IVF failure group (IVF failure) and male factor group (male factor). Surgically retrieved epididymal or testicular spermatozoa for ICSI were excluded. The IVF failure group was 13 cycles of 6 patients and male factor group was 30 cycles of 15 patients. Results: The fertilization rates of the IVF failure group and male factor group were 63% and 66% respectively (p=0.635). The clinical pregnancy rates of the both group were 23.1% and 26.7% (p=0.804), and that of live birth rates were 15.4% and 13.3% (p=0.858). There were no significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion: The author concluded that ICSI can overcome previous fertilization failure, with the same fertilization and clinical pregnancy rates seen in patients with male factor.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.243-250
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• 2015

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the shear bond strength between various commercial zirconia coping and veneering ceramic, and to observe the failure mode. Methods: For each zirconia block (iJAM Emerald, LUXEN Smile block, ICE Zirkon transluzent), 10 rectangular specimens were layered with Cercon ceram kiss, IPS e.max ceram, ICE Zirkon ceramic according to recommended by the manufacturer. The shear bond strength tests of the veneering porcelain to zirconia were carried out until fracture by a universal testing machine. After the shear bond tests, failure modes were characterized visually, under a stereomicroscope, such as adhesive, cohesive, or mixed. Data were analyzed with One-way ANOVA followed by Scheffe's tests. Results: The shear bond strength ($mean{\pm}SD$) of zirconia-veneer ceramic were JC group $13.9{\pm}3.6MPa$; JE group $17.7{\pm}2.4MPa$; JI group $15.1{\pm}2.5MPa$; LC group $9.5{\pm}1.5MPa$; LE group $16.2{\pm}2.3MPa$; LI group $12.6{\pm}0.8MPa$; ZC group $16.0{\pm}2.3MPa$; ZE group $18.5{\pm}3.4MPa$; and ZI group $15.3{\pm}3.2MPa$. The One-way ANOVA showed a significant difference between groups (p<0.05). The failure mode in most experimental groups was mixed failure, except for the LC group, which showed adhesive failure, and JE group, LE group and ZE group showed cohesive failure. Conclusion: For IPS e.max ceram, the shear bond strength value was highest for all kinds of zirconia blocks. For ICE Zirkon transluzent, the shear bond strength value was highest for all kinds of veneering ceramics. Most of experimental group interfaces revealed mixed failure mode.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.871-886
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• 2008

Objective : Gypsum fibrosum has been traditionally used in treatment of febrile diseases and recently been shown to have anti-inflammatory effect. Chronic renal failure has a serious clinical symptoms including proteinuria, azotemia, anemia, and hyperlipidemia and has characteristic histopathological changes, glomerular hypertrophy, infiltration of inflammatory cells, and crescentic sclerosis, We investigated the effects of gypsum fibrosum on renal functional and histopathological disorder in chronic renal failure rat model induced 5/6 nephrectomy. Methods : Using Sprague-Dawley rats, CRF was induced by 5/6 nephrectomy. The rats were divided into 3 groups, normal, conrol, and gypsum administered orally with gypsum fibrosum 500mg/kg/day. Body weight, 24 hr proteinuria, hematologic analysis, and histological morphologic changes were followed up after 8 weeks. The glomerular macrophage/monocyte infiltration, $TGF-{\beta}_1$, type IV collagen, and angiotensin II type1 receptor($AT_1$) were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Resuls : In the CRF control group, functional parameters and histopathologic changes clearly indicated the development of CRF. 24 hr proteinuria significantly increased in the CRF control group over the normal group, and serum creatinine level was lower in the gypsum group than in the control group, LDL-cholesterol was significantly lower in the gypsum group than in the control group. Morphological investigations showed a variety of characteristic features of CRF, glomerular hypertrophy, increasing cellular density of glomerulus, deposition of extra-cellular matrix, fibrotic change, and glomerular sclerosis in the control group, but in the gypsum group, these features diminished significantly. In observation of renal type IV collagen and $AT_1$ expression, positive area significantly increased in the control group over the normal group, and it significantly decreased in the gypsum group compared to the control group. Conclusions : Our findings suggest that gypsum fibrosum inhibits $AT_1$ and type IV collagen expression in renal tissues and attenuates progression of glomerulosclerosis and interstitial fibrosis in chronic renal failure rats, which lead to amelioration of renal function. From these results, we suggest that gypsum fibrosum may have renoprotective effects and could be a useful remedy agent for treating chronic renal failure.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.409-417
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• 1984

In the early days of open heart surgery, acute respiratory failure following extracorporeal circulation was a significant deterrent to an uncomplicated recovery. Although a marked improvement in prevention and treatment of postoperative respiratory failure has been achieved, the problem has not been completely eliminated and continues to be a causative factor in morbidity and mortality Fates following open heart surgery. We have attempted to evaluate postoperative respiratory failure in patients undergoing cardiac operation with the aid of extracorporeal circulation. Our series comprised 92 patients who underwent elective open heart surgery at the Department of Thoracic and Cariodvascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, from January, 1980 to December, 1982. In our study, the overall incidence of acute respiratory failure following open heart surgery was 18.8 percent. The duration of extracorporeal circulation in a series of 18 patients who developed postoperative respiratory failure [Group B] was longer in the mean value [120.3 minutes] than the uncomplicated 74 patients [Group A] [85.8 minutes]. The duration of artificial ventilation after open heart surgery in Group A averaged 13.4 hours as contrasted with 76.5 hours in Group B. In Group B, the inspired oxygen concentration [FiO2] in artificial ventilation was continued in the higher level than Group A until 18 hours after operation. Upon pulmonary function test performed pre-and postoperatively, residual volume[RV], RV/TLC and FEV 1.0/FVC were remained essentially unchanged following extracorporeal circulation, whereas forced vital capacity [FVC], FEV 1.0 and FEF 25-75% were significantly decreased in the early postoperative days. The incidence of acute respiratory failure was significantly higher in a series of patients who developed postoperative complications, such as re- exploration due to massive bleeding, low cardiac output, acute renal failure and arrhythmias. A total of 9 patients died, giving an overall mortality was 33.3 percent whereas the mortality was only 1.1 percent for patients without respiratory failure.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.63-71
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• 2021

Objective: To identify the CT findings associated with treatment failure after antibiotic therapy for acute appendicitis. Materials and Methods: Altogether, 198 patients who received antibiotic therapy for appendicitis were identified by searching the hospital's surgery database. Selection criteria for antibiotic therapy were uncomplicated appendicitis with an appendiceal diameter equal to or less than 11 mm. The 86 patients included in the study were divided into a treatment success group and a treatment failure group. Treatment failure was defined as a resistance to antibiotic therapy or recurrent appendicitis during a 1-year follow-up period. Two radiologists independently evaluated the following CT findings: appendix-location, involved extent, maximal diameter, thickness, wall enhancement, focal wall defect, periappendiceal fat infiltration, and so on. For the quantitative analysis, two readers independently measured the CT values at the least attenuated wall of the appendix by drawing a round region of interest on the enhanced CT (HU_post) and non-enhanced CT (HU_pre). The degree of appendiceal wall enhancement (HU_sub) was calculated as the subtracted value between HU_post and HU_pre. A logistic regression analysis was used to identify the CT findings associated with treatment failure. Results: Sixty-four of 86 (74.4%) patients were successfully treated with antibiotic therapy, with treatment failure occurring in the remaining 22 (25.5%). The treatment failure group showed a higher frequency of hypoenhancement of the appendiceal wall than the success group (31.8% vs. 7.8%; p = 0.005). Upon quantitative analysis, both HU_post (46.7 ± 21.3 HU vs. 58.9 ± 22.0 HU; p = 0.027) and HU_sub (26.9 ± 17.3 HU vs. 35.4 ± 16.6 HU; p = 0.042) values were significantly lower in the treatment failure group than in the success group. Conclusion: Hypoenhancement of the appendiceal wall was significantly associated with treatment failure after antibiotic therapy for acute appendicitis.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.662-684
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength between various resin-bonded retainers and enamel according to the adhesive resins and retention types and observe the bond filure modes with scanning electron microscope(SEM). For this purpose, the followin eight sub-groups were tested in shear bond strength : 1) electrochemically etched group(Verabond) using Panavia EX and Superbond C&B 2) tin-plated group(PG-S) using Panavia EX and Superbond C&B 3) salt-treated group(Verabond) using Panavia EX and Superbond C&B 4) meshtreated group(Verabond) using Panavia EX and Superbond C&B. Thermocycling test was conducted on the condition of 15 second dwell time each in $5^{\circ}C$ and $55^{\circ}C$bath. Shear bond strength was measured by Instron Universal Testing Machine(medel 1125). The obtained results were as follows : 1. After thermocycling, the shear bond strengths of tin-plated group and electrochemically etched group were significantly greater than those of salt-treated group and mesh-treated group. And the shear bond strength of Panavia EX was greater than that of Superbond C&B with salt-treated group and tin-plated group(p<0.05). 2. Before thermocycling, electrochemically etched group using Superbond C&B produced the greatest shear bond strength(p<0.01). 3. The shear bond strength of electrochemically etched group using Superbond C&B was significantly decreased after thermocycling(p<0.01). 4. In observation of bond failure modes before thermocycling, Panavia EX highly exhibited enamel fracture. Tin-plated group using Superbond C&B adhesive failure between metal and resin and electrochemically etched group using Superbond C&B exhibited adhesive failure between enamel and rdsin. 5. In observation of failure modes after thermocycling, Panavia EX exhibited cohesive failure and Superbond C&B exhibited adhesive failure between resin and metal.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.18-23
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• 2019

Purpose: This study compared and analyzed the risk factors that affect a wound healing group and healing failure group. Materials and Methods: From 2010 to 2018, 39 patients who had suffered a single toe amputation were evaluated retrospectively. The patients were divided into two groups (wound healing group and healing failure group - within at least 3 months following the amputation). Regarding the possible risk factors, age, gender, Wagner and Brodsky classifications, duration of diabetes mellitus, whether the patient had peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) or cardiovascular disease, body mass index, HbA1c, total cholesterol, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), smoking, and alcohol were investigated. Results: The mean duration of diabetes mellitus was 140 months in the healing group and 227 months in the healing failure group, and the duration of diabetes was significantly longer in the failure group (p=0.009). A significant difference in eGFR was observed between the two groups ($59.17mL/min/1.73m^2$ in the healing group and $31.1mL/min/1.73m^2$ in the failure group) (p=0.022). Sixteen patients with PAOD were found, all 10 patients in the healing failure group were PAOD patients. Conclusion: To reduce the additional complications in single toe amputation patients, the underlying disease and appropriate treatment are the most important factors. In addition, a more proximal level of amputation also should be considered in cases of patients with PAOD, high BUN and low eGFR, and patients with long-term diabetes.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.62 no.2
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• pp.217-224
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• 2019

Objective : We attempted to discover that Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) has a comprehensive relationship with congestive heart failure and death. Methods : We used a nationwide database managed by the Korean National Health Insurance Service from 2010 to 2014. Twelve thousand nine hundred eighty-eight patients with a diagnosis of AS and 64940 age- and sex- stratified matching subjects without AS were enrolled in the AS and control groups. Incidence probabilities of 6 years congestive heart failure and death in each group were calculated. The Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was used to estimate the hazard ratio. We divided the AS and control groups into subgroups according to sex, age, income, and comorbidities. Results : During the follow-up period, 102 patients (0.79%) in the AS group and 201 patients (0.32%) in the control group developed congestive heart failure (p<0.0001). In addition, 211 (1.62%) subjects in the AS group died during the follow-up period compared to 639 (0.98%) subjects in the control group (p<0.0001). The adjusted hazard ratio of congestive heart failure and death in the AS group was 2.28 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.80-2.89) and 1.66 (95% CI, 1.42-1.95), respectively. The hazard ratios of congestive heart failure and death were significantly increased in all of the subgroups. Conclusion : The incidence rates of congestive heart failure and death were increased in AS patients.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.56-67
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• 2005

Purpose: The main purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of a standardized telephone monitoring intervention in addressing the symptom experience and improving self-management ability in patients with heart failure. Methods: A non-equivalent control group pre-post test design was used. There were 17 patients in the experimental group, and 16 in the control group. According to the protocol, patients in the experimental group received 15 to 30 minute-telephone monitoring four times, once a week for 4 weeks. Data were analyzed by ${\chi}^2$-test, Mann-Whitney U test. Results: 1) The experimental group showed a significant increase in compliance with self-management compared to the control group. 2) There was a significant decrease in degree for 3 symptoms(DOE, PND, & continuing fatigue) in the experimental group, after telephone monitoring. However, the experimental group did not show significant decrease in the degree of the total symptom experiences. Conclusions: The results of this study provide evidence that standardized telephone monitoring is effective in relieving symptom experience and improving self-management in patients with heart failure over the course of telephone monitoring.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.107-117
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• 2000

This study was undertaken to determine if Juglandis Semen Aquacupuncture(Ja) has a protective effect against glycerol-induced acute renal failure in rats. Rats were dehydrated for 24hr and then injected with $5m{\ell}/kg$ of 50% glycerol, one-half of dose in each hindlimb muscle. In experiments for Ja effect, rats received $0.1m{\ell}$ of Ja extraction in both sides of corresponding $Sh{\grave{e}}ns{\bar{u}}$($BL_{23}$) of human body and non-acupuncture points(the root of tail) for 3 days after injection of glycerol. The experimental group were divided into the Normal group, the Control group, the Ja to $Sh{\grave{e}}ns{\bar{u}}$($BL_{23}$) group(Ja-AS), the Ja to non-acupuncture points group(Ja-AN). There were significant decrease of Urine vollume, total protein and phosphate level in Ja-AS as compared with the control group. There were not any significant change of Urine creatinine in Ja-AS as compared with the control group. There were significant decrease of Unine glucose in Ja-AS, Ja-AN as compared with the control group. This suggests that Ja-AS could be used in prevention and treatment of acute renal failure. However, the precise mechanisms of Ja protection remain to be determined.