• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.171-182
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• 2017

In this study, the internal structure of a Heumgyeonggak-nu (欽敬閣漏) was designed, and the power transmission mechanism was analyzed. Heumgyeonggak-nu is an automated water clock from the Joseon Dynasty that was installed within Heumgyeonggak (欽敬閣), and it was manufactured in the $20^{th}$ year of the reign of King Sejong (1438). As descriptions of Heumgyeonggak-nu in ancient literature have mostly focused on its external shape, the study of its internal mechanism has been difficult. A detailed analysis of the literature record on Heumgyeonggak-nu (e.g., The Annals of the Joseon Dynasty) indicates that Heumgyeonggak-nu had a three-stage water clock, included a waterfall or tilting vessel (欹器) using the overflowed water, and displayed the time using a ball. In this study, the Cheonhyeong apparatus, water wheel, scoop, and various mechanism wheels were designed so that 16 fixed-type scoops could operate at a constant speed for the water wheel with a diameter of 100 cm. As the scoop can contain 1.25 l of water and the water wheel rotates 61 times a day, a total of 1,220 l of water is required. Also, the power gear wheel was designed as a 366-tooth gear, which supported the operation of the time signal gear wheel. To implement the movement of stars on the celestial sphere, the rotation ratio of the celestial gear wheel to the diurnal motion gear ring was set to 366:365. In addition, to operate the sun movement apparatus on the ecliptic, a gear device was installed on the South Pole axis. It is expected that the results of this study can be used for the manufacture and restoration of the operation model of Heumgyeonggak-nu.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.117-123
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• 2014

In order to provide a mobile robot with omnidirectionality, various types of omnidirectional wheels have been developed. This paper deals with an improved design and structural analysis of a Mecanum wheel, which is the type of omnidirectional wheels most commonly used in industrial fields. A geometric formulation for manufacturingthe Mecanum wheel is presented and two types of Mecanum wheels are designed and fabricated in this research. While conventional assembled-type Mecanum wheels have a complicated structure and the high possibility of mutual interference between sub-components, a unified type of Mecanum wheel reduces the number of sub-components and increases the degree of structural rigidity. The stress and strain properties of the two designs are compared to confirm the quantitative improvement of the new design by a commercial structural analysis tool. The analysis results show that the unified type of Mecanum wheel has properties superior to the assembled type of Mecanum wheel in terms of its ability to reduce interference.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.313-320
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• 2011

Multi-axle driving vehicles that are used in special environments require high driving performance, steering performance, and stability. Among these vehicles, 6WS/6WD vehicles with middle wheels have structural safety by distributing the load and reducing the pitch angle during rapid acceleration and braking. 6WS/6WD vehicles are favored for military use in off road operations because of their high maneuverability and mobility on extreme terrains and obstacles. 6WD vehicles that using in-wheel motor can generate the independent wheel torque without other mechanical parts. Conventional vehicles, however, cannot generate an opposite driving force at each side wheel. Using an independent steering and driving system, six-wheel vehicles can show better performance than conventional vehicles. Using of independent steering and driving system, the 6 wheel vehicle can improve a performance better than conventional vehicle. This vehicle enhances the maneuverability under low speed and the stability at high speed. This paper describes an independent 6WS/6WD vehicle, consists of three parts; Vehicle Model, Control Algorithm for 6WS/6WD and Simulation. First, vehicle model is application of TruckSim software for 6WS and 6WD. Second, control algorithm describes the optimum tire force distribution method in view of energy saving. Last is simulation and verification.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.8-14
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• 2003

The characteristics of grinding and wear behavior of diamond wheel for grinding ceramic materials was investigated in this study. In case of $Si_3N_4$, the wear of wheel was large, the finding force was relatively stable and the fluctuation of surface roughness n small. On the other hand in case of $Al_2O_3$ and $ZrO_2$, the wear of wheel and surface roughness were decreasing, the grinding force was increasing. During grinding with vitrified bond wheel, $Si_3N_4$ shows renewal of cutting edge while $Al_2O_3$ and $ZrO_2$ show glazing phenomenon of cutting grains. We have found that it possible to observe the behavior of grinding wheel by grinding ratio, grinding resistance, surface roughness and cutting edge ratio. Through the grinding experiments, it was found that grinding life of diamond wheel is 20 times for $Si_3N_4$, and 40 times fir $Al_2O_3$ and $ZrO_2$.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.44-51
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• 1997

Crinding of stainless steel, aluminium alloy, copper alloy, and titanium alloy are difficult to obtain high quality finish, because they have the mechanical properties such as low hardness, high toughness. The low hardness and the high toughness result in the loading of wheel and the poor surface finish. In order to perform the grinding operations for these sorts of materials easily, the discontinuous grinding wheel wiht multi-porous grooves has been newly developed. The multi-porous grooves inthe discontinuous grinding wheel were formed during grinding wheel manufacturing process. In this paper, discontinuous grinding wheels having intermittent ratio 0.66, 0.81 and number of grooves 18,32 have been manufactured and grinding surface characteristics of these grinding wheels for SUS304 have been analyzed. Discontinuous grinding temperature according to intermittent ratiohas been also estimated by simulation. The discontinuous grinding wheels increase the grinding performance considerably. It is desirable to use the discontinuous grinding wheel in grinding the materials with high efficiency and accuracy.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.141-148
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• 1998

A loader is construction & road or agricultural machinery for lifting, moving, and mixing. This study deals with the agricultural mini loader for stock raising farming. The performance of the machine is established by pulling power, working lifting capacity, and minimum circling radius, etc. Also, driving easiness and endurance are very important in manufacturing. Thus, this study has developed the loader with the 4-wheel driving equipment by gear transmission, the 4-wheel steering equipment by power handle steering type, and the equipment making four wheels touch simultaneously on the rugged ground. The developed loader having these functions was very fit in a small cattle shed or a rugged ground. This study is divided into two parts; (I) development of 4WS transmission and (II) construction of the loader by 4WS system and other equipments.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.119-122
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• 2004

Since a derailment of rolling stocks results in huge losses in properties and lives, the measurement of a derailment coefficient is a very important test item to estimate the running safety of rolling stocks. For a measurement of the derailment measurement of forces between the wheel and rail a measuring wheel-set should be made first. The process to make a measuring wheel-set has some stages for correct measurement. They are as follows; a finite element analysis of a wheel to find a position of holes at which vertical force shall be measured, a finite element analysis for the position of strain gauges.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.229-236
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• 2001

The torque loads acting on the input shaft of the transmission and final driving shaft of the tractor having a cage wheel attached to the driving tries as a traction aid were measured during the rotavating operations in a poorly drained paddy field. Using the measured load data load spectra were constructed. Effects of the design parameters of the cage wheel on the load characteristics were also analyzed. The torque load exerted on the input shaft decreased as the diameter of the cage wheel increased and increased as the rotavator speed increased. The torque load exerted on the final driving shaft increased as the working speed of the tractor increased and decreased as the rotavator speed increased. The torque load on the final driving shaft with the cage wheel were greater than those without the cage wheel.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.743-751
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• 2001

A Prototype reaction wheel, named the Hankuk Aviation University (HAU) reaction wheel, has been developed for KAISTSAT satellite series. Torque and force disturbances are inherent in reaction wheels, and thus the force and torque characteristics should be examined for every newly developed reaction wheel. The torque and force disturbance noises in the prototype HAU reaction wheel are measured with a torque-measuring table developed for the present study. A new measuring procedure based on a simple principle is applied for the measurements. The frequency characteristics of the torque and force noises are analyzed by examining the power spectral density. The effect of the torque noise on the attitude stability is also examined through numerical simulations with a single-axis attitude model. The noise-induced attitude error and jitter and found to be well below the specified error limits for the KAISTSAT satellite series.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers Conference
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• 1997.04a
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• pp.210-217
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• 1997

This paper presents the numerical results of the stress analysis of wheel-rail contact problems. Two models which have straight and tapered(1:20) contact geometries between the wheelset and rail are analyzed using the finite element approach. From the simulation results we found that the tapered geometry of wheel-rail contact base line showed very stable contact stress distributions for a whole contact position between the wheel and rail in a curved rail section. The FEM computed results may present an optimized geometry of wheel-rail contact in a high-speed railway system.